栗山天牛Massicus raddei(Blessig)是我国东北危害栎树的重要害虫。在对其进行生物防治研究中,通过功能反应实验方法探讨了利用寄生蜂白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂Sclerodermus pupariae Yang et Yao对栗山天牛低龄幼虫的寄生作用。结果表明:白蜡吉...栗山天牛Massicus raddei(Blessig)是我国东北危害栎树的重要害虫。在对其进行生物防治研究中,通过功能反应实验方法探讨了利用寄生蜂白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂Sclerodermus pupariae Yang et Yao对栗山天牛低龄幼虫的寄生作用。结果表明:白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂在取食寄主补充营养的过程中,对栗山天牛1～2龄小幼虫的致死作用随着寄主密度的增加而显著提高,功能反应符合HollingⅡ型方程,平均每日最大致死量为0.53头。寄生作用功能反应符合HollingⅠ型方程,寻找时间21d内的寄主密度阈限为4头。当该肿腿蜂密度固定为1头时,对栗山天牛致死作用和寄生作用的寻找效率均随寄主密度的上升而降低。当寄主密度固定不变时,随着寄生蜂密度的增加寄主的死亡数量线性升高,被寄生的寄主数量也上升,但该肿腿蜂对栗山天牛低龄幼虫致死作用和寄生作用的寻找效应均显著下降,表明白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂是防治栗山天牛低龄幼虫的良好天敌。研究结果对于合理评价白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂在生产上的控害能力和制定寄生蜂的林间释放应用技术规程提供了依据。展开更多
Batocera horsfieldi,a forestry pest,was an important stem-borer in China.The Pest Risk Analysis(PRA) of B.horsfieldi was evaluated in order to providing more information to prevent the further spreading and intergrete...Batocera horsfieldi,a forestry pest,was an important stem-borer in China.The Pest Risk Analysis(PRA) of B.horsfieldi was evaluated in order to providing more information to prevent the further spreading and intergreted control of this pest.According to the methods of international PRA,the risk level of B.horsfieldi was estimated by qualitative and quantitative analysis,and its control countermeasure was given.The results of qualitative analysis showed that B.horsfieldi had lots of hosts,and its wide distribution,high adaptability and the difficulty of eradication made the pest damages forestry production seriously.According to the quantitative analysis,the PRA value of the pest was 2.04,showing that it was one of the high perilous forestry pests in China.Quarantine and various control measures must be strengthened to prevent the spreading and damage of B.horsfieldi.Suggestions were given that B.horsfieldi would be controlled sustainably by releasing Dastarcus helophoroides,a natural enemy of B.horsfieldi,in damaged forests.展开更多
采用室内测定并结合林间实地调查的方法,研究了新发现的寄生于蛀干害虫白蜡窄吉丁的外寄生蜂——白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂Sclerodermus pupariae Yang et Yao的生物学特性及其人工繁殖技术。结果表明,白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂外寄生于白蜡窄吉丁的幼虫和...采用室内测定并结合林间实地调查的方法,研究了新发现的寄生于蛀干害虫白蜡窄吉丁的外寄生蜂——白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂Sclerodermus pupariae Yang et Yao的生物学特性及其人工繁殖技术。结果表明,白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂外寄生于白蜡窄吉丁的幼虫和蛹及预蛹,是自然控制该害虫的一种重要寄生蜂,自然寄生率为13.9%左右。该蜂在天津1年发生5代,世代重叠明显,寿命长。白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂的卵、幼虫、茧蛹期和全世代的发育起点温度分别为(16.89±0.79)℃,(17.03±1.42)℃,(16.90±1.68)℃和(15.31±0.47)℃。有效积温分别为(33.82±4.13)日.度、(49.11±7.93)日.度、(128.88±27.87)日.度和(277.00±14.15)日.度。雌性成蜂易于低温保存,对寄主有较强的搜索力和攻击力。繁蜂寄主容易大量获得,是生物防治白蜡窄吉丁的重要理想天敌之一。展开更多
文摘栗山天牛Massicus raddei(Blessig)是我国东北危害栎树的重要害虫。在对其进行生物防治研究中,通过功能反应实验方法探讨了利用寄生蜂白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂Sclerodermus pupariae Yang et Yao对栗山天牛低龄幼虫的寄生作用。结果表明:白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂在取食寄主补充营养的过程中,对栗山天牛1～2龄小幼虫的致死作用随着寄主密度的增加而显著提高,功能反应符合HollingⅡ型方程,平均每日最大致死量为0.53头。寄生作用功能反应符合HollingⅠ型方程,寻找时间21d内的寄主密度阈限为4头。当该肿腿蜂密度固定为1头时,对栗山天牛致死作用和寄生作用的寻找效率均随寄主密度的上升而降低。当寄主密度固定不变时,随着寄生蜂密度的增加寄主的死亡数量线性升高,被寄生的寄主数量也上升,但该肿腿蜂对栗山天牛低龄幼虫致死作用和寄生作用的寻找效应均显著下降,表明白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂是防治栗山天牛低龄幼虫的良好天敌。研究结果对于合理评价白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂在生产上的控害能力和制定寄生蜂的林间释放应用技术规程提供了依据。
文摘Batocera horsfieldi,a forestry pest,was an important stem-borer in China.The Pest Risk Analysis(PRA) of B.horsfieldi was evaluated in order to providing more information to prevent the further spreading and intergreted control of this pest.According to the methods of international PRA,the risk level of B.horsfieldi was estimated by qualitative and quantitative analysis,and its control countermeasure was given.The results of qualitative analysis showed that B.horsfieldi had lots of hosts,and its wide distribution,high adaptability and the difficulty of eradication made the pest damages forestry production seriously.According to the quantitative analysis,the PRA value of the pest was 2.04,showing that it was one of the high perilous forestry pests in China.Quarantine and various control measures must be strengthened to prevent the spreading and damage of B.horsfieldi.Suggestions were given that B.horsfieldi would be controlled sustainably by releasing Dastarcus helophoroides,a natural enemy of B.horsfieldi,in damaged forests.
文摘采用室内测定并结合林间实地调查的方法,研究了新发现的寄生于蛀干害虫白蜡窄吉丁的外寄生蜂——白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂Sclerodermus pupariae Yang et Yao的生物学特性及其人工繁殖技术。结果表明,白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂外寄生于白蜡窄吉丁的幼虫和蛹及预蛹,是自然控制该害虫的一种重要寄生蜂,自然寄生率为13.9%左右。该蜂在天津1年发生5代,世代重叠明显,寿命长。白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂的卵、幼虫、茧蛹期和全世代的发育起点温度分别为(16.89±0.79)℃,(17.03±1.42)℃,(16.90±1.68)℃和(15.31±0.47)℃。有效积温分别为(33.82±4.13)日.度、(49.11±7.93)日.度、(128.88±27.87)日.度和(277.00±14.15)日.度。雌性成蜂易于低温保存,对寄主有较强的搜索力和攻击力。繁蜂寄主容易大量获得,是生物防治白蜡窄吉丁的重要理想天敌之一。
