In the past people have often utilized the model of signification to understand the basic trends of Manchu and Qing history, as well as, its important events and historical phenomenon. This essay changes the perspecti...In the past people have often utilized the model of signification to understand the basic trends of Manchu and Qing history, as well as, its important events and historical phenomenon. This essay changes the perspective on Manchus from passive objects and looks at them as active partied pants. The article considers how Manchus consciously resisted assimilation and erosion of their culture, and how they consciously reduced, molded, transformed, and controlled signification, thereby causing both cultural exchanges and conflicts between Manchu and Chinese to reach a new level. The interaction between Manchu and Chinese gave new meaning to cultural fusion. This type of protracted, painful, and prolonged process of cultural fusion, not only saw the Manchus successfully maintain their own national identity over a relatively long period, moreover it also gave the history of the Qing dynasty a distinctive quality when compared to all previous dynasties. The influence of this cultural interaction was deep and, perhaps, faint traces of this interaction are J still apparent today.展开更多
This article is the first in a series of the author’s research on famine and the Yangwu Movement, stressing the conditions of natural disasters in China during the era of the Yangwu Movement, their special characteri...This article is the first in a series of the author’s research on famine and the Yangwu Movement, stressing the conditions of natural disasters in China during the era of the Yangwu Movement, their special characteristics and origins. In the author’s opinion, during the period of the Yangwu Movement from 1861 to 1895, China experienced a sudden and serious deterioration of the ecological environment, which resulted from both natural and social causes. These disasters caused enormous losses for the entire society. Thus, it is important to consider natural disasters when investigating the falure of the Yangwu展开更多
文摘In the past people have often utilized the model of signification to understand the basic trends of Manchu and Qing history, as well as, its important events and historical phenomenon. This essay changes the perspective on Manchus from passive objects and looks at them as active partied pants. The article considers how Manchus consciously resisted assimilation and erosion of their culture, and how they consciously reduced, molded, transformed, and controlled signification, thereby causing both cultural exchanges and conflicts between Manchu and Chinese to reach a new level. The interaction between Manchu and Chinese gave new meaning to cultural fusion. This type of protracted, painful, and prolonged process of cultural fusion, not only saw the Manchus successfully maintain their own national identity over a relatively long period, moreover it also gave the history of the Qing dynasty a distinctive quality when compared to all previous dynasties. The influence of this cultural interaction was deep and, perhaps, faint traces of this interaction are J still apparent today.
文摘This article is the first in a series of the author’s research on famine and the Yangwu Movement, stressing the conditions of natural disasters in China during the era of the Yangwu Movement, their special characteristics and origins. In the author’s opinion, during the period of the Yangwu Movement from 1861 to 1895, China experienced a sudden and serious deterioration of the ecological environment, which resulted from both natural and social causes. These disasters caused enormous losses for the entire society. Thus, it is important to consider natural disasters when investigating the falure of the Yangwu
