There is considerable potential for integrating transarterial chemoembolization(TACE),programmed death-(ligand)1(PD-[L]1)inhibitors,and molecular targeted treatments(MTT)in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).It is necessar...There is considerable potential for integrating transarterial chemoembolization(TACE),programmed death-(ligand)1(PD-[L]1)inhibitors,and molecular targeted treatments(MTT)in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).It is necessary to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of TACE combined with PD-(L)1 inhibitors and MTT in real-world situations.In this nationwide,retrospective,cohort study,826 HCC patients receiving either TACE plus PD-(L)1 blockades and MTT(combination group,n=376)or TACE monotherapy(monotherapy group,n=450)were included from January 2018 to May 2021.The primary endpoint was progression-free survival(PFS)according to modified RECIST.The secondary outcomes included overall survival(OS),objective response rate(ORR),and safety.We performed propensity score matching approaches to reduce bias between two groups.After matching,228 pairs were included with a predominantly advanced disease population.Median PFS in combination group was 9.5 months(95%confidence interval[CI],8.4-11.0)versus 8.0 months(95%CI,6.6-9.5)(adjusted hazard ratio[HR],0.70,P=0.002).OS and ORR were also significantly higher in combination group(median OS,19.2[16.1-27.3]vs.15.7 months[13.0-20.2];adjusted HR,0.63,P=0.001;ORR,60.1%vs.32.0%;P<0.001).Grade 3/4 adverse events were observed at a rate of 15.8%and 7.5%in combination and monotherapy groups,respectively.Our results suggest that TACE plus PD-(L)1 blockades and MTT could significantly improve PFS,OS,and ORR versus TACE monotherapy for Chinese patients with predominantly advanced HCC in real-world practice,with an acceptable safety profile.展开更多
Various studies have established that feedstock choice,pyrolysis temperature,and pyrolysis type influence final biochar physicochemical characteristics.However,overarching analyses of pre-biochar creation choices and ...Various studies have established that feedstock choice,pyrolysis temperature,and pyrolysis type influence final biochar physicochemical characteristics.However,overarching analyses of pre-biochar creation choices and correlations to biochar characteristics are severely lacking.Thus,the objective of this work was to help researchers,biochar-stakeholders,and practitioners make more well-informed choices in terms of how these three major parameters influence the final biochar product.Utilizing approximately 5400 peer-reviewed journal articles and over 50,800 individual data points,herein we elucidate the selections that influence final biochar physical and chemical properties,total nutrient content,and perhaps more importantly tools one can use to predict biochar’s nutrient availability.Based on the large dataset collected,it appears that pyrolysis type(fast or slow)plays a minor role in biochar physico-(inorganic)chemical characteristics;few differences were evident between production styles.Pyrolysis temperature,however,affects biochar’s longevity,with pyrolysis temperatures>500℃ generally leading to longer-term(i.e.,>1000 years)half-lives.Greater pyrolysis temperatures also led to biochars containing greater overall C and specific surface area(SSA),which could promote soil physico-chemical improvements.However,based on the collected data,it appears that feedstock selection has the largest influence on biochar properties.Specific surface area is greatest in wood-based biochars,which in combination with pyrolysis temperature could likely promote greater changes in soil physical characteristics over other feedstock-based biochars.Crop-and other grass-based biochars appear to have cation exchange capacities greater than other biochars,which in combination with pyrolysis temperature could potentially lead to longer-term changes in soil nutrient retention.The collected data also suggest that one can reasonably predict the availability of various biochar nutrients(e.g.,N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Fe,and Cu)based on feedstock choi展开更多
Objective： To evaluate the predictive value of decline in the serum level of carbohydrate antigen 724 （CA724） on tumor response during the chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric carcinoma （GC）. Methods= T...Objective： To evaluate the predictive value of decline in the serum level of carbohydrate antigen 724 （CA724） on tumor response during the chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric carcinoma （GC）. Methods= The serum CA724 level was determined by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, while the objective response rate （eRR） was assessed according to response evaluation criteria in solid tumors （RECIST）. The association of the changes of serum concentration of CA724 with eRR was analyzed. Results： The eRR in CA724 （pretreatment serum level） high and low groups was 32.3% （20/62） and 52.8% （19/36）, respectively （P=0.045）. The relationship between the reduction of CA724 and the eRR was statistically significant （P=0.044）. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve established the best cutoff value of the decrease ratio of CA724 as 20.5%. Conclusions： CA724 decline seems to indicate chemotherapy efficacy in patients with advanced GC, and an average drop of 20.5% in serum CA724 appears to predict the sensitivity to chemotherapy.展开更多
A theory of seepage instability was used to estimate the harmfulness of water-inrush from a coal seam floor in a particular coal mine of the Mining Group,Xuzhou. Based on the stratum column chart in this coal mine,the...A theory of seepage instability was used to estimate the harmfulness of water-inrush from a coal seam floor in a particular coal mine of the Mining Group,Xuzhou. Based on the stratum column chart in this coal mine,the distribu-tion of stress in mining floors when the long-wall mining was respectively pushed along to 100 m and to 150 m was simulated by using the numerical software (RFPA2D). The permeability parameters of the coal seam floor are described given the relationship between permeability parameters. Strain and the water-inrush-indices were calculated. The wa-ter-inrush-index was 67.2% when the working face was pushed to 100 m,showing that water-inrush is possible and it was 1630% when the working face was pushed to 150 m,showing that water-inrush is quite probable. The results show that as long-wall mining is pushed along,the failure zone is enlarged,the strain increased,and fissures developed cor-respondingly,resulting in the formation of water-inrush channels. Accompanied by the failure of the strata,the perme-ability increased exponentially. In contrast,the non-Darcy flow β factor and the acceleration coefficient decreased ex-ponentially,while the increase in the water-inrush-index was nearly exponential and the harmfulness of water-inrush in the coal mine increased accordingly.展开更多
The toxicities of fenvalerate （20% EC） to the 3rd instar larvae of diamondback moth （DBM）, Plutella xylostella （L.）, reared on three host plants viz., radish, oilseed rape, and cabbage were tested. The LC50 valu...The toxicities of fenvalerate （20% EC） to the 3rd instar larvae of diamondback moth （DBM）, Plutella xylostella （L.）, reared on three host plants viz., radish, oilseed rape, and cabbage were tested. The LC50 values of fenvalerate to the 3rd instar larvae of DBM varied with host plants, however, there wasn＇t any significant difference among them （P〉 0.05）. Similarly, DBM fed on three host plants had same pupal weight, pupal period, pupation rate, adult emergence rate, female ratio, and fecundity. The activity of juvenile hormone esterase （JHE, EC 3.1.1.1） in the 3rd instar larvae of DMB did not significantly vary with host plants, either. These suggested that DBM had similar fitness on the three host plant species. When fed on the host plants pretreated with fenvalerate at the concentrations equivalent to LC20, LC50 and LC50, the pupation rate, pupal weight, adult emergence rate, female ratio, fecundity, and JHE activity of the tested insects were declined as compared with insects in control treatments fed on the same host plant species. Furthermore, the pupal period of the tested insects was extended after fenvalerate treatment. The decrease in JHE activity after fenvalerate treatment in the tested insects could partly explain the changes in the mentioned growth parameters. Whether the role of fenvalerate in the inhibition of JHE activity could serve as a new way to control DBM needs further investigation.展开更多
BACKGROUND: The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is poor and its early diagnosis is of the utmost importance. This study aimed to investigate the values of glypican-3 (GPC-3) expression in the liver and ser...BACKGROUND: The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is poor and its early diagnosis is of the utmost importance. This study aimed to investigate the values of glypican-3 (GPC-3) expression in the liver and sera and its gene transcription for diagnosis and monitoring of metastasis of HCC. METHODS: Liver GPC-3 was analyzed in HCC tissues from 36 patients by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. GPC-3 mRNA from circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 123 HCC patients or 246 patients with other diseases or 36 HCC tissues was amplified by RT-PCR, quantitative realtime PCR, and confirmed by DNA sequencing. Circulating GPC-3 level was detected by ELISA. RESULTS: The increasing expression of GPC-3 was observed from non-cancerous to cancerous tissues, with brown granule-like staining localized in tumor parts of atypical hyperplasia and HCC formation. The positive rate of GPC-3 was 80.6% in HCC, 41.7% in their paracancerous tissues, and none in distal cancerous tissues (P【0.001), with no significant difference in differentiation grade and tumor number except for size (Z=2.941, P=0.003). Serum GPC-3 was detected only in HCC (52.8%) and significant difference was found between GPC-3 and tumor size (χ2 =6.318, P=0.012) or HBV infection (χ2 =23.362, P【0.001). Circulating GPC-3 mRNA was detected in 70.7% of HCC tissues, with relation to TNM stage, periportal cancerous embolus, and extra-hepatic metastasis (P【0.001). The combination ofcirculating GPC-3, GPC-3 mRNA and alpha-fetoprotein is of complementary value for HCC diagnosis (94.3%). CONCLUSION: Both GPC-3 overexpression and GPC-3 mRNA abnormality could be used as markers for the diagnosis of HCC and monitoring its metastasis.展开更多
20 Quantum chemical parameters of chlorophenol compounds were fully optimized by using B3LYP method on both 6-31G^＊ and 6-311G^＊ basis sets. These structural parameters are taken as theoretical descriptors, and the ...20 Quantum chemical parameters of chlorophenol compounds were fully optimized by using B3LYP method on both 6-31G^＊ and 6-311G^＊ basis sets. These structural parameters are taken as theoretical descriptors, and the experimental data of 20 compounds＇ aquatic photogen toxicity（-lgEC50） are used to perform stepwise regression in order to obtain two predicted -lgEC50 correlation models whose correlation coefficients R^2 are respectively 0.9186 and 0.9567. In addition, parameters of chlorine atom＇s substitutive positions and their correlations （NPCs） are taken as descriptors to obtain another predicted -lgEC50 model with the correlation coefficient R2 of 0.9444. Correlation degree of each independent variable in the three models is verified by using variance inflation factors （VIF） and t value. In the cross-validation method, cross-validation coefficients q^2 of 3 models are respectively 0.8748, 0.9119 and 0.8993, which indicates that the relativity and prediction ability of this model are superior to those of the model obtained by topological and BLYP methods.展开更多
In December 2019,a novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)was identified in Wuhan,China causing coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19).Numerous studies have shown varying degree...In December 2019,a novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)was identified in Wuhan,China causing coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19).Numerous studies have shown varying degrees of liver damage in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.However,in previous case studies of COVID-19,the exact cause of liver injury has not been clearly elucidated,nor is there clear evidence of the interaction between liver injury and COVID-19.This study will analyze the causes of liver injury in COVID-19 and the influence of liver-related complications on the treatment and prognosis of COVID-19.展开更多
Background The underlying mechanism of early neurobiological impairment after subarachnoid hemorrhage （SAH） is not well understood, but the system of reactive oxygen superoxide （ROS） might be involved. Edaravone ...Background The underlying mechanism of early neurobiological impairment after subarachnoid hemorrhage （SAH） is not well understood, but the system of reactive oxygen superoxide （ROS） might be involved. Edaravone （MCI-186）, a potent free radical scavenger that prevents apoptosis of neurons, was thus used in this study to see its possible therapeutic effect in early brain injury due to SAH in a rat model. Methods One hundred and twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups： group 1, control rats receiving sham operation only; group 2, rats with SAH treated by saline; group 3, rats with SAH treated with 1 mg/kg MCI-186 injected intraperitoneally; and group 4, rats with SAH treated with 3 mg/kg MCI-186. Treated with either saline or MCI-186 twice daily for two consecutive days after SAH, the rats were sacrificed for measurements of malondialdehyde （MDA） and activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and histological analysis of caspase-3 protein by Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. In addition, mortality and neurological scores were statistically analyzed by the chi-square test and Dunn＇s procedure respectively for each group. One-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey＇s procedure was also used in data analysis. Results The rats in group 2 that received saline only showed neurological impairment as well as elevated mortality, and were found to have significantly increased levels of MDA and caspase-3, but reduced SOD activities in brain tissues （P 〈0.05）. When treated with MCI-186 at two different dosages, the rats in groups 3 and 4 had markedly decreased levels of MDA and caspase-3 but increased SOD activities in the brain tissue （P 〈0.05）, along with improved scores of neurological evaluation （P 〈0.05）. Conclusions This study sheds some lights on the therapy of SAH-induced early brain injury by providing the promising data indicating that MCI-186, a radical scavenger, can efficiently diminish apoptosis of neurons and thus preve展开更多
Background:Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging studies using a regional homogeneity(ReHo)method have reported that amnestic mild cognitive impairment(aMCI)was associated with abnormalities in local fun...Background:Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging studies using a regional homogeneity(ReHo)method have reported that amnestic mild cognitive impairment(aMCI)was associated with abnormalities in local functional connectivity.However,their results were not conclusive.Methods:Seed-based d Mapping was used to conduct a coordinate-based meta-analysis to identify consistent ReHo alterations in aMCI.Results:We identified 10 studies with 11 datasets suitable for inclusion,including 378 patients with aMCI and 435 healthy controls.This meta-analysis identified significant ReHo alterations in patients with aMCI relative to healthy controls,mainly within the default mode network(DMN)(bilateral posterior cingulate cortex[PCC],right angular gyrus,bilateral middle temporal gyri,and left parahippocampal gyrus/hippocampus),executive control network(right superior parietal lobule and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex),visual network(right lingual gyrus and left middle occipital gyrus),and sensorimotor network(right paracentral lobule/supplementary motor area,right postcentral gyrus and left posterior insula).Significant heterogeneity of ReHo alterations in the bilateral PCC,left parahippocampal gyrus/hippocampus,and right superior parietal lobule/angular gyrus was observed.Exploratory meta-regression analyses indicated that general cognitive function,gender distribution,age,and education level partially contributed to this heterogeneity.Conclusions:This study provides provisional evidence that aMCI is associated with abnormal ReHo within the DMN,executive control network,visual network,and sensorimotor network.These local functional connectivity alterations suggest coexistence of functional deficits and compensation in these networks.These findings contribute to the modeling of brain functional connectomes and to a better understanding of the neural substrates of aMCI.Confounding factors merit much attention and warrant future investigations.展开更多
Designing electromagnetic wave absorption(EMWA)materials with wide bandwidth,strong absorption,and light weight is still a great challenge for practical applications.Herein,the novel nitrogen doped carbon(NDC)/MoS_(2)...Designing electromagnetic wave absorption(EMWA)materials with wide bandwidth,strong absorption,and light weight is still a great challenge for practical applications.Herein,the novel nitrogen doped carbon(NDC)/MoS_(2) composite with rationally designed composition and structure was developed.The NDC particles were introduced into MoS_(2) nanosheets through the calcination of ZIF-8 precursor and consequent hydrothermal process.A series of characterizations were carried out to investigate the physical properties of the as-prepared nanocomposites.The NDC particles exhibited the shape of rhombic dodecahedron with the size of about 500 nm,which were decorated on flower-shaped MoS_(2) with the size of about 3μm.With the increasing NDC content,the absorbing properties of NDC/MoS_(2) composites increased firstly and then decreased.The features of NDC/MoS_(2) composite including interconnected porous structure,nitrogen dopant,and appropriate electrical conductivity gave rise to the polarization,multiple reflection,multiple scattering,and impedance matching,resulting in the outstanding EMWA performance.With a filler loading ratio of 30 wt.%,the optimized EMWA property can be achieved when the mass ratio of NDC to MoS_(2) was adjusted to be 1:1.At a coating thickness of 3.0 mm,the effective EMWA bandwidth(<−10 dB)reached 6.08 GHz(8.56–14.64 GHz).These satisfactory achievements provide a way for the reasonable design of high-performance EMWA and new ideas for future research on wideband EMWA.展开更多
Uncontrolled bleeding and infection can cause significant increases in mortalities.Hydrogel sealants have attracted extensive attention for their ability to control bleeding.However,because interfacial water is a form...Uncontrolled bleeding and infection can cause significant increases in mortalities.Hydrogel sealants have attracted extensive attention for their ability to control bleeding.However,because interfacial water is a formidable barrier to strong surface bonding,a challenge remains in finding a product that offers robust tissue adhesion combined with anti-infection properties.Inspired by the strong adhesive mechanism of biofilm and mussels,we report a novel dual bionic adhesive hydrogel(DBAH)based on chitosan grafted with methacrylate(CS-MA),dopamine(DA),and N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide(NMA)via a facile radical polymerization process.CS-MA and DA were simultaneously included in the adhesive polymer for imitating the two key adhesive components:polysaccharide intercellular adhesin(PIA)of staphylococci biofilm and 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine(Dopa)of mussel foot protein,respectively.DBAH presented strong adhesion at 34 kPa even upon three cycles of full immersion in water and was able to withstand up to 168 mm Hg blood pressure,which is significantly higher than the 60–160 mm Hg measured in most clinical settings.Most importantly,these hydrogels presented outstanding hemostatic capability under wet and dynamic in vivo movements while displaying excellent antibacterial properties and biocompatibility.Therefore,DBAH represents a promising class of biomaterials for high-efficiency hemostasis and wound healing.展开更多
A porous cordierite was synthesized at 1350 ℃ using rice husk as silica source and pore forming agent, and La2O3 as fluxing agent. The crystal phases of the cordierite were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the...A porous cordierite was synthesized at 1350 ℃ using rice husk as silica source and pore forming agent, and La2O3 as fluxing agent. The crystal phases of the cordierite were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and their microstructures were observed by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The flexural strength, porosity and thermal expansion coefficient of the porous cordierite samples were inves- tigated in detail. Results showed that when 5 wt.% La2O3 was added, the flexural strength, porosity and thermal...展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of moxibustion therapy in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH). METHODS: Four Chinese databases and three English databases were searched from their incepti...OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of moxibustion therapy in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH). METHODS: Four Chinese databases and three English databases were searched from their inception to April 2018.Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included if moxibustion was used as the sole treatment or as a part of combination therapy with other treatments in patients with LDH. Two reviewers independently extracted the data and assessed the methodological quality using the Cochrane criteria for the risk of bias. The Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3 software. RESULTS: In total, 16 RCTs including 1186 patients with LDH were analyzed. The Meta-analysis showed favorable effects of moxibustion in combination with massage therapy on the visual analog scale score compared with massage therapy alone [mean difference (MD)=? 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI)(? 2.12,? 0.51), P = 0.001]. The subgroup Meta-analysis failed to show favorable effects of electro-acupuncture plus moxibustion on the efficacy rate compared with electro-acupuncture alone [relative risk (RR)= 1.06, 95% CI (0.98, 1.14), P = 0.15]. However, acupuncture or massage therapy plus moxibustion improved the efficacy rates compared with acupuncture or massage therapy alone [RR = 1.33, 95% CI (1.18, 1.49), P < 0.000 01][χ^2 = 2.76, P = 0.25, I2 = 27%],[RR = 1.15, 95% CI (1.06, 1.25), P = 0.001][χ^2 = 0.00, P = 0.95, I2 = 0%]. With respect to the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores, acupuncture or massage therapy in addition to moxibustion produced results different from those of acupuncture or massage therapy alone [MD = 5.58, 95% CI (4.15, 7.00), P < 0.000 01][χ^2 = 0.58, P = 0.45, I2 = 0%],[MD = 3.61, 95% CI (3.01, 4.21), P < 0.000 01]. There were no significant differences in the JOA score for subjective symptoms, objective symptoms, daily living ability, and other parameters. In six RCTs, no adverse reactions occurred during moxibustion. CONCLUSION: Whether moxibustion is an effective interventio展开更多
Magnesium and potassium phosphate cement （MKPC） sample were prepared by mixing dead burnt MgO powder, potassium phosphate and different dosages of retarder borax to investigate the effect of borax on its hydration a...Magnesium and potassium phosphate cement （MKPC） sample were prepared by mixing dead burnt MgO powder, potassium phosphate and different dosages of retarder borax to investigate the effect of borax on its hydration and hardening characteristics. The pH value, fluidity, hydration temperature and strength development of MKPC paste were investigated, and the mineralogical composition and microstructural morphology of its hydration products were analyzed. The experimental results indicated that, within a certain dosage, borax caused an endothermal effect for MKPC paste, which decreased the early hydration rate of MKPC paste, increased the fluidity of MKPC paste. Thus, strength and micro-morphology of hardened MKPC are affected. It can be concluded that borax in MKPC paste retards the early hydration rate of MKPC paste by forming a film onto surface of MgO, decreasing the temperature and increasing the pH value of the system. As borax dosage varying, different factors may dorminate the effects.展开更多
A multi-scale approach is essential to assess the factors that limit avian habitat use. Numerous studies have examined habitat use by the red-crowned crane, but integrated multi-scale habitat use information is lackin...A multi-scale approach is essential to assess the factors that limit avian habitat use. Numerous studies have examined habitat use by the red-crowned crane, but integrated multi-scale habitat use information is lacking. We evaluated the effects of several habitat variables quantified across many spatial scales on crane use and abundance in two periods （2000 and 2009） at Yancheng National Nature Reserve, China. The natural wetlands decreased in area by 30,601 ha （-6.9%） from 2000 to 2009, pre- dominantly as a result of conversion to aquaculture ponds and farmland, and the remaining was under degradation due to expan- sion of the exotic smooth cordgrass. The cranes are focusing in on either larger patches or those that are in close proximity to each other in both years, but occupied patches had smaller size, less proximity and more regular boundaries in 2009. At landscape scales, the area percentage of common seepweed, reed ponds and paddy fields had a greater positive impact on crane presence than the area percentage of aquaculture ponds. The cranes were more abundant in patches that had a greater percent area of common seepweed and reed ponds, while the percent area of paddy fields was inversely related to crane abundance in 2009 due to changing agricultural practices. In 2009, cranes tended to use less fragmented plots in natural wetlands and more fragmented plots in anthropogenic paddy fields, which were largely associated with the huge loss and degradation of natural habitats between the two years. Management should focus on restoration of large patches of natural wetlands, and formation of a relatively stable area of large paddy field and reed pond to mitigate the loss of natural wetlands [Current Zoology 59 （5）： 604-617, 2013].展开更多
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder（ADHD）is a common childhood neuropsychiatric disorder that has been linked to the dopaminergic system. This study aimed to investigate the effects of regulation of the dopamin...Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder（ADHD）is a common childhood neuropsychiatric disorder that has been linked to the dopaminergic system. This study aimed to investigate the effects of regulation of the dopamine D4 receptor（DRD4） on functional brain activity during the resting state in ADHD children using the methods of regional homogeneity（Re Ho） and functional connectivity（FC）. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were analyzed in 49 children with ADHD. All participants were classified as either carriers of the DRD44-repeat/4-repeat（4 R/4 R） allele（n = 30） or the DRD42-repeat（2 R） allele（n = 19）. The results showed that participants with the DRD4 2 R allele had decreased Re Ho bilaterally in the posterior lobes of the cerebellum, while Re Ho was increased in the left angular gyrus. Compared with participants carrying the DRD4 4 R/4 R allele, those with the DRD4 2 R allele showed decreased FC to the left angular gyrus in the left striatum, right inferior frontal gyrus, and bilateral lobes of the cerebellum. The increased FC regions included the left superior frontal gyrus, medial frontal gyrus, and rectus gyrus. These data suggest that the DRD4 polymorphisms are associated with localized brain activity and specific functional connections, including abnormality in the frontal-striatal-cerebellar loop. Our study not only enhances the understanding of the correlation between the cerebellar lobes and ADHD, but also provides an imaging basis for explaining the neural mechanisms underlying ADHD in children.展开更多
AIM: To assess the diverse immediate and longterm clinical outcomes, a retrospective comparison between laparoscopic and conventional operation was performed.METHODS: A total number of 916 clinical cases, from January...AIM: To assess the diverse immediate and longterm clinical outcomes, a retrospective comparison between laparoscopic and conventional operation was performed.METHODS: A total number of 916 clinical cases, from January 2006 to December 2013 in our hospital, were analyzed which covered 492 patients underwent the laparoscopy in radical resection(LRR) and 424 cases in open radical resection(ORR). A retrospective analysis was proceeded by comparing the general information, surgery performance, pathologic data, postoperative recovery and complications as well as long-term survival to investigate the diversity of immediate and long-term clinical outcomes of laparoscopic radical operation.RESULTS: There were no statistically significance differences between gender, age, height, weight, body mass index(BMI), tumor loci, tumor node metastasis stages, cell differentiation degree or American Society of Anesthesiologists scores of the patients(P > 0.05). In contrast to the ORR group, the LRR group experienced less operating time(P < 0.001), a lower blood loss(P < 0.001), and had a 2.44% probability of conversion to open surgery. Postoperative bowel function recovered more quickly, analgesic usage and the average hospital stay(P < 0.001) were reduced after LRR. Lymph node dissection during LRR appeared to be slightly more than in ORR(P = 0.338). There were no obvious differences in the lengths and margins(P = 0.182). And the occurrence rate in the two groups was similar(P = 0.081). Overall survival rate of ORR and LRR for 1, 3 and 5 years were 94.0% and 93.6%(P = 0.534), 78.1% and 80.9%(P = 0.284) and 75.2% and 77.0%(P = 0.416), respectively.CONCLUSION: Laparoscopy as a radical operation for rectal cancer was safe, produced better immediate outcomes. Long-term survival of laparoscopy revealed that it was similar to the open operation.展开更多
Neutral aqueous rechargeable zinc-ion batteries are receiving continuous attention because of their advantages of low cost,high safety,environmental friendliness,and high performance,which are difficult to attain with...Neutral aqueous rechargeable zinc-ion batteries are receiving continuous attention because of their advantages of low cost,high safety,environmental friendliness,and high performance,which are difficult to attain with current organic electrolyte-based batteries.展开更多
Background:H7N9 continues to cause human infections and remains a pandemic concern.Understanding the economic impacts of this novel disease is important for making decisions on health resource allocation,including inf...Background:H7N9 continues to cause human infections and remains a pandemic concern.Understanding the economic impacts of this novel disease is important for making decisions on health resource allocation,including infectious disease prevention and control investment.However,there are limited data on such impacts.Methods:Hospitalized laboratory-confirmed H7N9 patients or their families in Jiangsu Province of China were interviewed.Patients’direct medical costs of hospitalization were derived from their hospital bills.A generalized linear model was employed to estimate the mean direct medical costs of patients with different characteristics.Results:The mean direct cost of hospitalization for H7N9 was estimated to be¥71060(95%CI,48180–104820),i.e.,US$10996(95%CI,7455–16220),and was¥12060(US$1861),¥136120(US$21001)and¥218610(US$33728)for those who had mild or severe symptoms or who died,respectively.The principal components of the total fees differed among patients with different disease severity,although medication fees were always the largest contributors.Disease severity,proportion of reimbursement and family member monthly average income were identified as the key factors that contributed to a patient’s direct medical cost of hospitalization.Conclusions:The direct medical costs of hospitalized patients with H7N9 are significant,and far surpass the annual per capita income of Jiangsu Province,China.The influencing factors identified should be taken into account when developing related health insurance policies and making health resource allocation.Trial registration:Not applicable.This is a survey study with no health care intervention implemented on human participants.展开更多
基金The study was supported by National Key Research and Development Program(2018YFA0704100,2018YFA0704104)National Natural Science Foundation of China(81827805,82130060)Jiangsu Provincial Special Program of Medical Science(BE2019750).The funding sources had no role in the writing of the report,or decision to submit the paper for publication.
文摘There is considerable potential for integrating transarterial chemoembolization(TACE),programmed death-(ligand)1(PD-[L]1)inhibitors,and molecular targeted treatments(MTT)in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).It is necessary to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of TACE combined with PD-(L)1 inhibitors and MTT in real-world situations.In this nationwide,retrospective,cohort study,826 HCC patients receiving either TACE plus PD-(L)1 blockades and MTT(combination group,n=376)or TACE monotherapy(monotherapy group,n=450)were included from January 2018 to May 2021.The primary endpoint was progression-free survival(PFS)according to modified RECIST.The secondary outcomes included overall survival(OS),objective response rate(ORR),and safety.We performed propensity score matching approaches to reduce bias between two groups.After matching,228 pairs were included with a predominantly advanced disease population.Median PFS in combination group was 9.5 months(95%confidence interval[CI],8.4-11.0)versus 8.0 months(95%CI,6.6-9.5)(adjusted hazard ratio[HR],0.70,P=0.002).OS and ORR were also significantly higher in combination group(median OS,19.2[16.1-27.3]vs.15.7 months[13.0-20.2];adjusted HR,0.63,P=0.001;ORR,60.1%vs.32.0%;P<0.001).Grade 3/4 adverse events were observed at a rate of 15.8%and 7.5%in combination and monotherapy groups,respectively.Our results suggest that TACE plus PD-(L)1 blockades and MTT could significantly improve PFS,OS,and ORR versus TACE monotherapy for Chinese patients with predominantly advanced HCC in real-world practice,with an acceptable safety profile.
基金This work was partially supported by the USDA/NIFA Interagency Climate Change Grant Proposal number 2014-02114[Project number 6657-12130-002-08I,Accession number 1003011]under the Multi-Partner Call on Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research of the FACCE-Joint Program Initiative.The German BLE and FACCE-JPI funded the German participants of the“DesignerChar4Food”(D4F)project(CK:Project No.2814ERA01A,NW-M:Project No.2814ERA02A)the Spanish colleagues(JME and TFM)were funded by FACCE-CSA no 276610/MIT04-DESIGN-UPVASC and IT-932-16,MLC thanks the Spanish Ministry of Science,Innovation and Universities,project#RTI2018-099417-B-I00+3 种基金cofinanced with EU FEDER funds and US colleagues(JN,JI and KS)were funded by The USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture(Project#2014-35615-21971)USDA-ARS CHARnet and GRACENet programs–D4F greatly stimulated discussions.Any opinions,findings,or recommendation expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the USDAThis work was also partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under a Grant number of 41501339,21677119,21277115,41301551,21407123,Jiangsu Province Science Foundation for Youths under a grant number of BK20140468,sponsored by Qing Lan ProjectOpen access funding provided by Natural Resources Institute Finland(LUKE).
文摘Various studies have established that feedstock choice,pyrolysis temperature,and pyrolysis type influence final biochar physicochemical characteristics.However,overarching analyses of pre-biochar creation choices and correlations to biochar characteristics are severely lacking.Thus,the objective of this work was to help researchers,biochar-stakeholders,and practitioners make more well-informed choices in terms of how these three major parameters influence the final biochar product.Utilizing approximately 5400 peer-reviewed journal articles and over 50,800 individual data points,herein we elucidate the selections that influence final biochar physical and chemical properties,total nutrient content,and perhaps more importantly tools one can use to predict biochar’s nutrient availability.Based on the large dataset collected,it appears that pyrolysis type(fast or slow)plays a minor role in biochar physico-(inorganic)chemical characteristics;few differences were evident between production styles.Pyrolysis temperature,however,affects biochar’s longevity,with pyrolysis temperatures>500℃ generally leading to longer-term(i.e.,>1000 years)half-lives.Greater pyrolysis temperatures also led to biochars containing greater overall C and specific surface area(SSA),which could promote soil physico-chemical improvements.However,based on the collected data,it appears that feedstock selection has the largest influence on biochar properties.Specific surface area is greatest in wood-based biochars,which in combination with pyrolysis temperature could likely promote greater changes in soil physical characteristics over other feedstock-based biochars.Crop-and other grass-based biochars appear to have cation exchange capacities greater than other biochars,which in combination with pyrolysis temperature could potentially lead to longer-term changes in soil nutrient retention.The collected data also suggest that one can reasonably predict the availability of various biochar nutrients(e.g.,N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Fe,and Cu)based on feedstock choi
文摘Objective： To evaluate the predictive value of decline in the serum level of carbohydrate antigen 724 （CA724） on tumor response during the chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric carcinoma （GC）. Methods= The serum CA724 level was determined by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, while the objective response rate （eRR） was assessed according to response evaluation criteria in solid tumors （RECIST）. The association of the changes of serum concentration of CA724 with eRR was analyzed. Results： The eRR in CA724 （pretreatment serum level） high and low groups was 32.3% （20/62） and 52.8% （19/36）, respectively （P=0.045）. The relationship between the reduction of CA724 and the eRR was statistically significant （P=0.044）. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve established the best cutoff value of the decrease ratio of CA724 as 20.5%. Conclusions： CA724 decline seems to indicate chemotherapy efficacy in patients with advanced GC, and an average drop of 20.5% in serum CA724 appears to predict the sensitivity to chemotherapy.
基金Projects 50225414 supported by the National Outstanding Youth Foundation50574090, 50674087 and 50490270 by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘A theory of seepage instability was used to estimate the harmfulness of water-inrush from a coal seam floor in a particular coal mine of the Mining Group,Xuzhou. Based on the stratum column chart in this coal mine,the distribu-tion of stress in mining floors when the long-wall mining was respectively pushed along to 100 m and to 150 m was simulated by using the numerical software (RFPA2D). The permeability parameters of the coal seam floor are described given the relationship between permeability parameters. Strain and the water-inrush-indices were calculated. The wa-ter-inrush-index was 67.2% when the working face was pushed to 100 m,showing that water-inrush is possible and it was 1630% when the working face was pushed to 150 m,showing that water-inrush is quite probable. The results show that as long-wall mining is pushed along,the failure zone is enlarged,the strain increased,and fissures developed cor-respondingly,resulting in the formation of water-inrush channels. Accompanied by the failure of the strata,the perme-ability increased exponentially. In contrast,the non-Darcy flow β factor and the acceleration coefficient decreased ex-ponentially,while the increase in the water-inrush-index was nearly exponential and the harmfulness of water-inrush in the coal mine increased accordingly.
基金support for this work was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30971922)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province, China (B0320003, B0410015, 2004J010, and2007F5021)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Foundation of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Science,China (STIF-Y07)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of Fujian Province, China,to Associate Professor Gu Xiaojun
文摘The toxicities of fenvalerate （20% EC） to the 3rd instar larvae of diamondback moth （DBM）, Plutella xylostella （L.）, reared on three host plants viz., radish, oilseed rape, and cabbage were tested. The LC50 values of fenvalerate to the 3rd instar larvae of DBM varied with host plants, however, there wasn＇t any significant difference among them （P〉 0.05）. Similarly, DBM fed on three host plants had same pupal weight, pupal period, pupation rate, adult emergence rate, female ratio, and fecundity. The activity of juvenile hormone esterase （JHE, EC 3.1.1.1） in the 3rd instar larvae of DMB did not significantly vary with host plants, either. These suggested that DBM had similar fitness on the three host plant species. When fed on the host plants pretreated with fenvalerate at the concentrations equivalent to LC20, LC50 and LC50, the pupation rate, pupal weight, adult emergence rate, female ratio, fecundity, and JHE activity of the tested insects were declined as compared with insects in control treatments fed on the same host plant species. Furthermore, the pupal period of the tested insects was extended after fenvalerate treatment. The decrease in JHE activity after fenvalerate treatment in the tested insects could partly explain the changes in the mentioned growth parameters. Whether the role of fenvalerate in the inhibition of JHE activity could serve as a new way to control DBM needs further investigation.
基金supported in part by grants-in-Aid from the Projects of Jiangsu Medical Science (HK201102, H200925)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institution (PAPD)the Program of Nantong Society Undertaking and Technological Innovation (HS2011012),China
文摘BACKGROUND: The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is poor and its early diagnosis is of the utmost importance. This study aimed to investigate the values of glypican-3 (GPC-3) expression in the liver and sera and its gene transcription for diagnosis and monitoring of metastasis of HCC. METHODS: Liver GPC-3 was analyzed in HCC tissues from 36 patients by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. GPC-3 mRNA from circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 123 HCC patients or 246 patients with other diseases or 36 HCC tissues was amplified by RT-PCR, quantitative realtime PCR, and confirmed by DNA sequencing. Circulating GPC-3 level was detected by ELISA. RESULTS: The increasing expression of GPC-3 was observed from non-cancerous to cancerous tissues, with brown granule-like staining localized in tumor parts of atypical hyperplasia and HCC formation. The positive rate of GPC-3 was 80.6% in HCC, 41.7% in their paracancerous tissues, and none in distal cancerous tissues (P【0.001), with no significant difference in differentiation grade and tumor number except for size (Z=2.941, P=0.003). Serum GPC-3 was detected only in HCC (52.8%) and significant difference was found between GPC-3 and tumor size (χ2 =6.318, P=0.012) or HBV infection (χ2 =23.362, P【0.001). Circulating GPC-3 mRNA was detected in 70.7% of HCC tissues, with relation to TNM stage, periportal cancerous embolus, and extra-hepatic metastasis (P【0.001). The combination ofcirculating GPC-3, GPC-3 mRNA and alpha-fetoprotein is of complementary value for HCC diagnosis (94.3%). CONCLUSION: Both GPC-3 overexpression and GPC-3 mRNA abnormality could be used as markers for the diagnosis of HCC and monitoring its metastasis.
基金973 National Basic Research Program of China (2003CB415002)
文摘20 Quantum chemical parameters of chlorophenol compounds were fully optimized by using B3LYP method on both 6-31G^＊ and 6-311G^＊ basis sets. These structural parameters are taken as theoretical descriptors, and the experimental data of 20 compounds＇ aquatic photogen toxicity（-lgEC50） are used to perform stepwise regression in order to obtain two predicted -lgEC50 correlation models whose correlation coefficients R^2 are respectively 0.9186 and 0.9567. In addition, parameters of chlorine atom＇s substitutive positions and their correlations （NPCs） are taken as descriptors to obtain another predicted -lgEC50 model with the correlation coefficient R2 of 0.9444. Correlation degree of each independent variable in the three models is verified by using variance inflation factors （VIF） and t value. In the cross-validation method, cross-validation coefficients q^2 of 3 models are respectively 0.8748, 0.9119 and 0.8993, which indicates that the relativity and prediction ability of this model are superior to those of the model obtained by topological and BLYP methods.
基金Supported by Zhejiang University Special Scientific Research Fund for COVID-19 Prevention and Control,No.2020XGZX052.
文摘In December 2019,a novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)was identified in Wuhan,China causing coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19).Numerous studies have shown varying degrees of liver damage in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.However,in previous case studies of COVID-19,the exact cause of liver injury has not been clearly elucidated,nor is there clear evidence of the interaction between liver injury and COVID-19.This study will analyze the causes of liver injury in COVID-19 and the influence of liver-related complications on the treatment and prognosis of COVID-19.
文摘Background The underlying mechanism of early neurobiological impairment after subarachnoid hemorrhage （SAH） is not well understood, but the system of reactive oxygen superoxide （ROS） might be involved. Edaravone （MCI-186）, a potent free radical scavenger that prevents apoptosis of neurons, was thus used in this study to see its possible therapeutic effect in early brain injury due to SAH in a rat model. Methods One hundred and twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups： group 1, control rats receiving sham operation only; group 2, rats with SAH treated by saline; group 3, rats with SAH treated with 1 mg/kg MCI-186 injected intraperitoneally; and group 4, rats with SAH treated with 3 mg/kg MCI-186. Treated with either saline or MCI-186 twice daily for two consecutive days after SAH, the rats were sacrificed for measurements of malondialdehyde （MDA） and activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and histological analysis of caspase-3 protein by Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. In addition, mortality and neurological scores were statistically analyzed by the chi-square test and Dunn＇s procedure respectively for each group. One-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey＇s procedure was also used in data analysis. Results The rats in group 2 that received saline only showed neurological impairment as well as elevated mortality, and were found to have significantly increased levels of MDA and caspase-3, but reduced SOD activities in brain tissues （P 〈0.05）. When treated with MCI-186 at two different dosages, the rats in groups 3 and 4 had markedly decreased levels of MDA and caspase-3 but increased SOD activities in the brain tissue （P 〈0.05）, along with improved scores of neurological evaluation （P 〈0.05）. Conclusions This study sheds some lights on the therapy of SAH-induced early brain injury by providing the promising data indicating that MCI-186, a radical scavenger, can efficiently diminish apoptosis of neurons and thus preve
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81601161)Jiangsu Provincial Commission of Health and Family Planning(Grant No.QNRC2016466).
文摘Background:Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging studies using a regional homogeneity(ReHo)method have reported that amnestic mild cognitive impairment(aMCI)was associated with abnormalities in local functional connectivity.However,their results were not conclusive.Methods:Seed-based d Mapping was used to conduct a coordinate-based meta-analysis to identify consistent ReHo alterations in aMCI.Results:We identified 10 studies with 11 datasets suitable for inclusion,including 378 patients with aMCI and 435 healthy controls.This meta-analysis identified significant ReHo alterations in patients with aMCI relative to healthy controls,mainly within the default mode network(DMN)(bilateral posterior cingulate cortex[PCC],right angular gyrus,bilateral middle temporal gyri,and left parahippocampal gyrus/hippocampus),executive control network(right superior parietal lobule and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex),visual network(right lingual gyrus and left middle occipital gyrus),and sensorimotor network(right paracentral lobule/supplementary motor area,right postcentral gyrus and left posterior insula).Significant heterogeneity of ReHo alterations in the bilateral PCC,left parahippocampal gyrus/hippocampus,and right superior parietal lobule/angular gyrus was observed.Exploratory meta-regression analyses indicated that general cognitive function,gender distribution,age,and education level partially contributed to this heterogeneity.Conclusions:This study provides provisional evidence that aMCI is associated with abnormal ReHo within the DMN,executive control network,visual network,and sensorimotor network.These local functional connectivity alterations suggest coexistence of functional deficits and compensation in these networks.These findings contribute to the modeling of brain functional connectomes and to a better understanding of the neural substrates of aMCI.Confounding factors merit much attention and warrant future investigations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52173267)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.SJCX21_XZ013).
文摘Designing electromagnetic wave absorption(EMWA)materials with wide bandwidth,strong absorption,and light weight is still a great challenge for practical applications.Herein,the novel nitrogen doped carbon(NDC)/MoS_(2) composite with rationally designed composition and structure was developed.The NDC particles were introduced into MoS_(2) nanosheets through the calcination of ZIF-8 precursor and consequent hydrothermal process.A series of characterizations were carried out to investigate the physical properties of the as-prepared nanocomposites.The NDC particles exhibited the shape of rhombic dodecahedron with the size of about 500 nm,which were decorated on flower-shaped MoS_(2) with the size of about 3μm.With the increasing NDC content,the absorbing properties of NDC/MoS_(2) composites increased firstly and then decreased.The features of NDC/MoS_(2) composite including interconnected porous structure,nitrogen dopant,and appropriate electrical conductivity gave rise to the polarization,multiple reflection,multiple scattering,and impedance matching,resulting in the outstanding EMWA performance.With a filler loading ratio of 30 wt.%,the optimized EMWA property can be achieved when the mass ratio of NDC to MoS_(2) was adjusted to be 1:1.At a coating thickness of 3.0 mm,the effective EMWA bandwidth(<−10 dB)reached 6.08 GHz(8.56–14.64 GHz).These satisfactory achievements provide a way for the reasonable design of high-performance EMWA and new ideas for future research on wideband EMWA.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFA0905203)National Natural Science Foundation of China(51703095)+4 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20171010)the State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(ZK201905)the Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Bio-Manufacture(XTB1804)Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund(CX(19)3115)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M661814).
文摘Uncontrolled bleeding and infection can cause significant increases in mortalities.Hydrogel sealants have attracted extensive attention for their ability to control bleeding.However,because interfacial water is a formidable barrier to strong surface bonding,a challenge remains in finding a product that offers robust tissue adhesion combined with anti-infection properties.Inspired by the strong adhesive mechanism of biofilm and mussels,we report a novel dual bionic adhesive hydrogel(DBAH)based on chitosan grafted with methacrylate(CS-MA),dopamine(DA),and N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide(NMA)via a facile radical polymerization process.CS-MA and DA were simultaneously included in the adhesive polymer for imitating the two key adhesive components:polysaccharide intercellular adhesin(PIA)of staphylococci biofilm and 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine(Dopa)of mussel foot protein,respectively.DBAH presented strong adhesion at 34 kPa even upon three cycles of full immersion in water and was able to withstand up to 168 mm Hg blood pressure,which is significantly higher than the 60–160 mm Hg measured in most clinical settings.Most importantly,these hydrogels presented outstanding hemostatic capability under wet and dynamic in vivo movements while displaying excellent antibacterial properties and biocompatibility.Therefore,DBAH represents a promising class of biomaterials for high-efficiency hemostasis and wound healing.
基金Project supported by the Jiangsu Province Natural Science Foundation (BK2009671)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Provincial Edu-cation Department (07KJB430123)the Key Laboratory Foundation of Ecological-Environment Materials (Yancheng Institute of Technology) of Jiangsu Province (XKY2009033)
文摘A porous cordierite was synthesized at 1350 ℃ using rice husk as silica source and pore forming agent, and La2O3 as fluxing agent. The crystal phases of the cordierite were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and their microstructures were observed by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The flexural strength, porosity and thermal expansion coefficient of the porous cordierite samples were inves- tigated in detail. Results showed that when 5 wt.% La2O3 was added, the flexural strength, porosity and thermal...
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China:Exploring the multi-targeted regulatory mechanisms of moxibustion on rheumatoid arthritis based on lipid signaling pathway networks(81774383)Outstanding Young Teachers’Overseas Training Program of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(2013)+1 种基金QingLan Project of Jiangsu Higher Education Institution of China(2014)Key Projects of Changzhou Municipal Health Committee:meridian flow theory based moxibustion intervention on ankylosing spondylitis(ZD201713)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of moxibustion therapy in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH). METHODS: Four Chinese databases and three English databases were searched from their inception to April 2018.Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included if moxibustion was used as the sole treatment or as a part of combination therapy with other treatments in patients with LDH. Two reviewers independently extracted the data and assessed the methodological quality using the Cochrane criteria for the risk of bias. The Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3 software. RESULTS: In total, 16 RCTs including 1186 patients with LDH were analyzed. The Meta-analysis showed favorable effects of moxibustion in combination with massage therapy on the visual analog scale score compared with massage therapy alone [mean difference (MD)=? 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI)(? 2.12,? 0.51), P = 0.001]. The subgroup Meta-analysis failed to show favorable effects of electro-acupuncture plus moxibustion on the efficacy rate compared with electro-acupuncture alone [relative risk (RR)= 1.06, 95% CI (0.98, 1.14), P = 0.15]. However, acupuncture or massage therapy plus moxibustion improved the efficacy rates compared with acupuncture or massage therapy alone [RR = 1.33, 95% CI (1.18, 1.49), P < 0.000 01][χ^2 = 2.76, P = 0.25, I2 = 27%],[RR = 1.15, 95% CI (1.06, 1.25), P = 0.001][χ^2 = 0.00, P = 0.95, I2 = 0%]. With respect to the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores, acupuncture or massage therapy in addition to moxibustion produced results different from those of acupuncture or massage therapy alone [MD = 5.58, 95% CI (4.15, 7.00), P < 0.000 01][χ^2 = 0.58, P = 0.45, I2 = 0%],[MD = 3.61, 95% CI (3.01, 4.21), P < 0.000 01]. There were no significant differences in the JOA score for subjective symptoms, objective symptoms, daily living ability, and other parameters. In six RCTs, no adverse reactions occurred during moxibustion. CONCLUSION: Whether moxibustion is an effective interventio
文摘Magnesium and potassium phosphate cement （MKPC） sample were prepared by mixing dead burnt MgO powder, potassium phosphate and different dosages of retarder borax to investigate the effect of borax on its hydration and hardening characteristics. The pH value, fluidity, hydration temperature and strength development of MKPC paste were investigated, and the mineralogical composition and microstructural morphology of its hydration products were analyzed. The experimental results indicated that, within a certain dosage, borax caused an endothermal effect for MKPC paste, which decreased the early hydration rate of MKPC paste, increased the fluidity of MKPC paste. Thus, strength and micro-morphology of hardened MKPC are affected. It can be concluded that borax in MKPC paste retards the early hydration rate of MKPC paste by forming a film onto surface of MgO, decreasing the temperature and increasing the pH value of the system. As borax dosage varying, different factors may dorminate the effects.
文摘A multi-scale approach is essential to assess the factors that limit avian habitat use. Numerous studies have examined habitat use by the red-crowned crane, but integrated multi-scale habitat use information is lacking. We evaluated the effects of several habitat variables quantified across many spatial scales on crane use and abundance in two periods （2000 and 2009） at Yancheng National Nature Reserve, China. The natural wetlands decreased in area by 30,601 ha （-6.9%） from 2000 to 2009, pre- dominantly as a result of conversion to aquaculture ponds and farmland, and the remaining was under degradation due to expan- sion of the exotic smooth cordgrass. The cranes are focusing in on either larger patches or those that are in close proximity to each other in both years, but occupied patches had smaller size, less proximity and more regular boundaries in 2009. At landscape scales, the area percentage of common seepweed, reed ponds and paddy fields had a greater positive impact on crane presence than the area percentage of aquaculture ponds. The cranes were more abundant in patches that had a greater percent area of common seepweed and reed ponds, while the percent area of paddy fields was inversely related to crane abundance in 2009 due to changing agricultural practices. In 2009, cranes tended to use less fragmented plots in natural wetlands and more fragmented plots in anthropogenic paddy fields, which were largely associated with the huge loss and degradation of natural habitats between the two years. Management should focus on restoration of large patches of natural wetlands, and formation of a relatively stable area of large paddy field and reed pond to mitigate the loss of natural wetlands [Current Zoology 59 （5）： 604-617, 2013].
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China (No. LY14H180006, LQ18H090009)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20160142)
文摘Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder（ADHD）is a common childhood neuropsychiatric disorder that has been linked to the dopaminergic system. This study aimed to investigate the effects of regulation of the dopamine D4 receptor（DRD4） on functional brain activity during the resting state in ADHD children using the methods of regional homogeneity（Re Ho） and functional connectivity（FC）. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were analyzed in 49 children with ADHD. All participants were classified as either carriers of the DRD44-repeat/4-repeat（4 R/4 R） allele（n = 30） or the DRD42-repeat（2 R） allele（n = 19）. The results showed that participants with the DRD4 2 R allele had decreased Re Ho bilaterally in the posterior lobes of the cerebellum, while Re Ho was increased in the left angular gyrus. Compared with participants carrying the DRD4 4 R/4 R allele, those with the DRD4 2 R allele showed decreased FC to the left angular gyrus in the left striatum, right inferior frontal gyrus, and bilateral lobes of the cerebellum. The increased FC regions included the left superior frontal gyrus, medial frontal gyrus, and rectus gyrus. These data suggest that the DRD4 polymorphisms are associated with localized brain activity and specific functional connections, including abnormality in the frontal-striatal-cerebellar loop. Our study not only enhances the understanding of the correlation between the cerebellar lobes and ADHD, but also provides an imaging basis for explaining the neural mechanisms underlying ADHD in children.
基金Supported by Grants from the Shanghai Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau,No.2012040 and No.13PJD024 to Huang Cgrant from the Shanghai Health and Family Planning Commission,No.XYQ2013092 to Huang Cgrant from Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission,No.14411966800 to Huang C
文摘AIM: To assess the diverse immediate and longterm clinical outcomes, a retrospective comparison between laparoscopic and conventional operation was performed.METHODS: A total number of 916 clinical cases, from January 2006 to December 2013 in our hospital, were analyzed which covered 492 patients underwent the laparoscopy in radical resection(LRR) and 424 cases in open radical resection(ORR). A retrospective analysis was proceeded by comparing the general information, surgery performance, pathologic data, postoperative recovery and complications as well as long-term survival to investigate the diversity of immediate and long-term clinical outcomes of laparoscopic radical operation.RESULTS: There were no statistically significance differences between gender, age, height, weight, body mass index(BMI), tumor loci, tumor node metastasis stages, cell differentiation degree or American Society of Anesthesiologists scores of the patients(P > 0.05). In contrast to the ORR group, the LRR group experienced less operating time(P < 0.001), a lower blood loss(P < 0.001), and had a 2.44% probability of conversion to open surgery. Postoperative bowel function recovered more quickly, analgesic usage and the average hospital stay(P < 0.001) were reduced after LRR. Lymph node dissection during LRR appeared to be slightly more than in ORR(P = 0.338). There were no obvious differences in the lengths and margins(P = 0.182). And the occurrence rate in the two groups was similar(P = 0.081). Overall survival rate of ORR and LRR for 1, 3 and 5 years were 94.0% and 93.6%(P = 0.534), 78.1% and 80.9%(P = 0.284) and 75.2% and 77.0%(P = 0.416), respectively.CONCLUSION: Laparoscopy as a radical operation for rectal cancer was safe, produced better immediate outcomes. Long-term survival of laparoscopy revealed that it was similar to the open operation.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21601089)Jiangsu Specially Appointed Professor Program and the Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of NUIST
文摘Neutral aqueous rechargeable zinc-ion batteries are receiving continuous attention because of their advantages of low cost,high safety,environmental friendliness,and high performance,which are difficult to attain with current organic electrolyte-based batteries.
基金X H,F T,X Q,M Z and C B were supported by Jiangsu Province Science&Technology Demonstration Project for Emerging Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention(grant number BE2015714)C.B.was supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 81373055)+2 种基金Jiangsu Province Science and Technology Support Pro-gram(social development,grant number BE2012769)the 10th Summit of Six Top Talents of Jiangsu Province(grant number WS-2013-061)Shanghai Municipal Commission of Science and Technology Program(14495810301).
文摘Background:H7N9 continues to cause human infections and remains a pandemic concern.Understanding the economic impacts of this novel disease is important for making decisions on health resource allocation,including infectious disease prevention and control investment.However,there are limited data on such impacts.Methods:Hospitalized laboratory-confirmed H7N9 patients or their families in Jiangsu Province of China were interviewed.Patients’direct medical costs of hospitalization were derived from their hospital bills.A generalized linear model was employed to estimate the mean direct medical costs of patients with different characteristics.Results:The mean direct cost of hospitalization for H7N9 was estimated to be¥71060(95%CI,48180–104820),i.e.,US$10996(95%CI,7455–16220),and was¥12060(US$1861),¥136120(US$21001)and¥218610(US$33728)for those who had mild or severe symptoms or who died,respectively.The principal components of the total fees differed among patients with different disease severity,although medication fees were always the largest contributors.Disease severity,proportion of reimbursement and family member monthly average income were identified as the key factors that contributed to a patient’s direct medical cost of hospitalization.Conclusions:The direct medical costs of hospitalized patients with H7N9 are significant,and far surpass the annual per capita income of Jiangsu Province,China.The influencing factors identified should be taken into account when developing related health insurance policies and making health resource allocation.Trial registration:Not applicable.This is a survey study with no health care intervention implemented on human participants.
