Pressure sensing and schlieren imaging with high resolution and sensitivity are applied to the study of the interaction of single-pulse laser energy with bow shock at Mach 5. An Nd：YAG laser operated at 1.06 μm, 100...Pressure sensing and schlieren imaging with high resolution and sensitivity are applied to the study of the interaction of single-pulse laser energy with bow shock at Mach 5. An Nd：YAG laser operated at 1.06 μm, 100 mJ pulse energy is used to break down the hypersonic flow in a shock tunnel. Three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations are solved with an upwind scheme to simulate the interaction. The pressure at the stagnation point on the blunt body is measured and calculated to examine the pressure variation during the interaction. Schlieren imaging is used in conjunction with the calculated density gradients to examine the process of the interaction, The results show that the experimental pressure at the stagnation point on the blunt body and schlieren imaging fit well with the simulation. The pressure at the stagnation point on the blunt body will increase when the transmission shock approaches the blunt body and decrease with the formation of the rarefied wave. Bow shock is deformed during the interaction. Quasi-stationary waves are formed by high rate laser energy deposition to control the bow shock. The pressure and temperature at the stagna- tion point on the blunt body and the wave drag are reduced to 50%, 75% and 81% respectively according to the simulation. Schlieren imaging has provided important information for the inves- tigation of the mechanism of the interaction.展开更多
In this paper, the effects of the existence of plasma actuator electrodes and also various configurations of the actuator for controlling the flow field around a circular cylinder are experimentally investigated. The ...In this paper, the effects of the existence of plasma actuator electrodes and also various configurations of the actuator for controlling the flow field around a circular cylinder are experimentally investigated. The cylinder is made of PVC （Polyvinyl Chloride） and considered as a dielectric barrier. Two electrodes are fiush-mounted on the surface of the cylinder and are connected to a DC high voltage power supply lbr generation of electrical discharge. Pressure distribution results show that the existence of the electrodes and also the plasma are able to change the pressure distribution around the cylinder and consequently the lili and drag coefficients. It is found that the effect of the existence of the electrodes is comparable with the effect of plasma actuator in con- trolling the flow field around the cylinder and this effect is not reported by other researchers. Eventually it is concluded that the existence of the electrodes or any extra obiects on the cylinder and also the existence of the plasma are capable of changing the flow field structure around the cylinder so that the behavior of the lift and drag coefficients of the cylinder will be changed significantly.展开更多
Drag reduction experiments of the traveling wavy wall at high Reynolds number, ranging from 1.46×106 to 5.83×106 based on the free-stream velocity and the model length, were conducted. A suit of traveling wa...Drag reduction experiments of the traveling wavy wall at high Reynolds number, ranging from 1.46×106 to 5.83×106 based on the free-stream velocity and the model length, were conducted. A suit of traveling wavy wall device was developed and its characteristics of drag reduction at high Reynolds number were investigated. The drag forces of the traveling wavy wall with various wave speeds （ c ） were measured at different wind speeds （U ） in the FL-8 low-speed wind tunnel and compared with the drag force of the flat plate. The results show that the mean drag force of the traveling wavy wall decreases as the value of c /U increases, at different wind velocities, the values of c /U corresponding to minimal drag force of the traveling wavy wall are different, when the values of c /U are larger than 0.6, the mean drag forces of the traveling wavy wall are smaller than those of the flat plate, and the drag reduction can be up to 60%. The drag reduction effectiveness of traveling wavy wall is thus achieved. Furthermore, as the value of c /U increases, the traveling wavy wall can restrain the separation and improve the quality of flow field.展开更多
This paper describes a new actively controlled multi-fan wind tunnel that generates natural wind as a type of turbulence wind tunnel at a reduced cost. The driving section of the wind tunnel has 100 PC cooling fans th...This paper describes a new actively controlled multi-fan wind tunnel that generates natural wind as a type of turbulence wind tunnel at a reduced cost. The driving section of the wind tunnel has 100 PC cooling fans that are controlled by an original embedded system. The fluctuating velocity wind is successfully generated with a mean velocity of 7 m/s and two turbulent intensities of 2% and 3% based on Karman’s power spectrum density function. The case of 2% has the integral scales of 5 m, 10m and 20 m, and the case of 3% has the integral scales of 3 m, 6 m and 15 m with a turbulence grid. In particular, the wind with the turbulent intensity of 2% satisfies the Kolmogorov’s -5/3 multiplication rule of inertial subrange with the frequency range from 0.01 Hz to 2.0 Hz. Consequently, the new wind tunnel can be used for studying engineering technology and research regarding conditions with natural wind.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11372356)
文摘Pressure sensing and schlieren imaging with high resolution and sensitivity are applied to the study of the interaction of single-pulse laser energy with bow shock at Mach 5. An Nd：YAG laser operated at 1.06 μm, 100 mJ pulse energy is used to break down the hypersonic flow in a shock tunnel. Three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations are solved with an upwind scheme to simulate the interaction. The pressure at the stagnation point on the blunt body is measured and calculated to examine the pressure variation during the interaction. Schlieren imaging is used in conjunction with the calculated density gradients to examine the process of the interaction, The results show that the experimental pressure at the stagnation point on the blunt body and schlieren imaging fit well with the simulation. The pressure at the stagnation point on the blunt body will increase when the transmission shock approaches the blunt body and decrease with the formation of the rarefied wave. Bow shock is deformed during the interaction. Quasi-stationary waves are formed by high rate laser energy deposition to control the bow shock. The pressure and temperature at the stagna- tion point on the blunt body and the wave drag are reduced to 50%, 75% and 81% respectively according to the simulation. Schlieren imaging has provided important information for the inves- tigation of the mechanism of the interaction.
文摘In this paper, the effects of the existence of plasma actuator electrodes and also various configurations of the actuator for controlling the flow field around a circular cylinder are experimentally investigated. The cylinder is made of PVC （Polyvinyl Chloride） and considered as a dielectric barrier. Two electrodes are fiush-mounted on the surface of the cylinder and are connected to a DC high voltage power supply lbr generation of electrical discharge. Pressure distribution results show that the existence of the electrodes and also the plasma are able to change the pressure distribution around the cylinder and consequently the lili and drag coefficients. It is found that the effect of the existence of the electrodes is comparable with the effect of plasma actuator in con- trolling the flow field around the cylinder and this effect is not reported by other researchers. Eventually it is concluded that the existence of the electrodes or any extra obiects on the cylinder and also the existence of the plasma are capable of changing the flow field structure around the cylinder so that the behavior of the lift and drag coefficients of the cylinder will be changed significantly.
文摘Drag reduction experiments of the traveling wavy wall at high Reynolds number, ranging from 1.46×106 to 5.83×106 based on the free-stream velocity and the model length, were conducted. A suit of traveling wavy wall device was developed and its characteristics of drag reduction at high Reynolds number were investigated. The drag forces of the traveling wavy wall with various wave speeds （ c ） were measured at different wind speeds （U ） in the FL-8 low-speed wind tunnel and compared with the drag force of the flat plate. The results show that the mean drag force of the traveling wavy wall decreases as the value of c /U increases, at different wind velocities, the values of c /U corresponding to minimal drag force of the traveling wavy wall are different, when the values of c /U are larger than 0.6, the mean drag forces of the traveling wavy wall are smaller than those of the flat plate, and the drag reduction can be up to 60%. The drag reduction effectiveness of traveling wavy wall is thus achieved. Furthermore, as the value of c /U increases, the traveling wavy wall can restrain the separation and improve the quality of flow field.
文摘This paper describes a new actively controlled multi-fan wind tunnel that generates natural wind as a type of turbulence wind tunnel at a reduced cost. The driving section of the wind tunnel has 100 PC cooling fans that are controlled by an original embedded system. The fluctuating velocity wind is successfully generated with a mean velocity of 7 m/s and two turbulent intensities of 2% and 3% based on Karman’s power spectrum density function. The case of 2% has the integral scales of 5 m, 10m and 20 m, and the case of 3% has the integral scales of 3 m, 6 m and 15 m with a turbulence grid. In particular, the wind with the turbulent intensity of 2% satisfies the Kolmogorov’s -5/3 multiplication rule of inertial subrange with the frequency range from 0.01 Hz to 2.0 Hz. Consequently, the new wind tunnel can be used for studying engineering technology and research regarding conditions with natural wind.
