对从西瓜植株体内分离得到的内生拮抗枯草芽孢杆菌BS211的抗菌谱进行了测定;用5种培养基对BS211菌进行培养,测定了这5种BS211菌培养液无菌滤液的抑菌活性;采用硫酸铵沉淀法提取BS211菌抗菌粗提物,并测定了抗菌粗提物的抑菌活性和温度稳...对从西瓜植株体内分离得到的内生拮抗枯草芽孢杆菌BS211的抗菌谱进行了测定;用5种培养基对BS211菌进行培养,测定了这5种BS211菌培养液无菌滤液的抑菌活性;采用硫酸铵沉淀法提取BS211菌抗菌粗提物,并测定了抗菌粗提物的抑菌活性和温度稳定性;运用砂培和盆栽方法进行BS211菌对西瓜枯萎病的防效试验;测定了BS211菌的宿主范围。结果表明:BS211菌对西瓜枯萎病菌等12种病菌都具有强烈的拮抗作用,而且拮抗性能稳定;BS211菌在5种培养基中的生长量没有显著差异而且均能产生抗菌物质,但在不同培养基中产生的抗菌物质的抑菌能力有差异;BS211菌液的硫酸铵沉淀物及上清液对不同病菌的抗性存在差异,说明BS211菌株产生的抗菌物质为复合物;BS211菌抗菌粗提物具有较好的温度稳定性,尤其是硫酸铵沉淀的上清液部分经121℃处理30 m in后活性无明显变化,对番茄青枯病菌仍有强烈的抑菌作用;BS211菌对西瓜枯萎病有显著防效;BS211菌能在辣椒等多种作物体内定殖,有较强的宿主适应性。展开更多
【背景】西瓜枯萎病是由尖孢镰孢菌西瓜专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum)引起的土传病害,是西瓜最为严重的病害之一。利用拮抗微生物抑制病原菌繁殖,降低其危害程度,已成为西瓜枯萎病防控领域的研究热点。【目的】筛选对西瓜...【背景】西瓜枯萎病是由尖孢镰孢菌西瓜专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum)引起的土传病害,是西瓜最为严重的病害之一。利用拮抗微生物抑制病原菌繁殖,降低其危害程度,已成为西瓜枯萎病防控领域的研究热点。【目的】筛选对西瓜枯萎病病原菌具有拮抗作用的菌株,并探究其抑菌作用,为有效防控西瓜枯萎病提供生防资源。【方法】从西瓜的根围土中分离细菌,采取平板对峙及温室生测的方法筛选生防菌,通过形态学及gyr B基因序列同源性分析对生防菌株进行鉴定;采用鉴别性培养基测定生防菌的拮抗因子(纤维素酶、蛋白酶、几丁质酶、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶);测定生防菌发酵液对西瓜枯萎病菌孢子萌发及菌丝生长的影响;于田间条件下检测该菌株防治西瓜枯萎病的效应。【结果】筛选到了一株对西瓜枯萎病具有防治效果的拮抗菌株SFJ11,经鉴定该菌株为解淀粉芽胞杆菌(Bacillusamyloliquefaciens)。该菌株可以分泌蛋白酶和纤维素酶,其20%的发酵液几乎能完全抑制西瓜枯萎病菌菌丝的生长,对孢子萌发的抑制率为95%,田间防治效果最高可达78%。【结论】菌株SFJ11对西瓜枯萎病具有较强的生防效果,有潜在的应用价值。展开更多
[Objective] The aim of this study was to screen bacteria strains with stable antagonistic effect against watermelon fusarium wilt from soil and investigate the biological control of watermelon fusarium wilt by applyin...[Objective] The aim of this study was to screen bacteria strains with stable antagonistic effect against watermelon fusarium wilt from soil and investigate the biological control of watermelon fusarium wilt by applying the antagonistic bacteria strains into soil.[Method] Actinomycete strains,fluorescent bacteria strains and bacillus strains were isolated from soil samples by the dilution-plate method,then its resistance was screened respectively by the improved confront culture method after colonies were purified.Finally,bacteria strains with better antagonistic effect were identified.[Result] 29 bacteria strains with stable antagonistic effect against watermelon fusarium wilt were screened from 39 soil samples,which contained 15 fluorescent bacteria strains,5 bacillus strains and 9 actinomycete strains.Furthermore,three antagonistic bacteria strains of FM2,FM3 and FM4 with the strongest antagonism were identified primarily.[Conclusion] According to cultural characteristics,morphological observation,biochemical and physiological tests,FM2 belongs to bacillus subtilis,while FM3 and FM4 belong to micrococcus.展开更多
对菌株Lh-1进行鉴定,并对其防治西瓜枯萎病的效果进行评价。通过形态观察、生理生化检测和16S r RNA基因同源性分析鉴定菌株Lh-1,测定其抑菌谱。设计盆栽试验来评价施用有机肥加Lh-1菌液(T2),施用有机肥(T1)和化肥(CK)3种处理的防治效...对菌株Lh-1进行鉴定,并对其防治西瓜枯萎病的效果进行评价。通过形态观察、生理生化检测和16S r RNA基因同源性分析鉴定菌株Lh-1,测定其抑菌谱。设计盆栽试验来评价施用有机肥加Lh-1菌液(T2),施用有机肥(T1)和化肥(CK)3种处理的防治效果。结果显示,将Lh-1鉴定为解淀粉芽胞杆菌。该菌对多种植物病原菌都有抑制作用具有广谱抗菌活性,尤其对西瓜枯萎病有良好的防治效果。盆栽试验表明添加Lh-1后发病率仅为17.2%,与对照相比防治效果达到78.5%,植株高度、鲜重和干重指标均为最高;瓜苗中的SOD、POD和CAT活性显著提高而MDA含量明显下降;瓜苗根际的微生物区系中细菌与放线菌含量上升,真菌特别是尖孢镰刀菌的数量下降,瓜苗根际微生物区系结构得到明显改善。解淀粉芽胞杆菌Lh-1能够防治西瓜枯萎病。展开更多
文摘对从西瓜植株体内分离得到的内生拮抗枯草芽孢杆菌BS211的抗菌谱进行了测定;用5种培养基对BS211菌进行培养,测定了这5种BS211菌培养液无菌滤液的抑菌活性;采用硫酸铵沉淀法提取BS211菌抗菌粗提物,并测定了抗菌粗提物的抑菌活性和温度稳定性;运用砂培和盆栽方法进行BS211菌对西瓜枯萎病的防效试验;测定了BS211菌的宿主范围。结果表明:BS211菌对西瓜枯萎病菌等12种病菌都具有强烈的拮抗作用,而且拮抗性能稳定;BS211菌在5种培养基中的生长量没有显著差异而且均能产生抗菌物质,但在不同培养基中产生的抗菌物质的抑菌能力有差异;BS211菌液的硫酸铵沉淀物及上清液对不同病菌的抗性存在差异,说明BS211菌株产生的抗菌物质为复合物;BS211菌抗菌粗提物具有较好的温度稳定性,尤其是硫酸铵沉淀的上清液部分经121℃处理30 m in后活性无明显变化,对番茄青枯病菌仍有强烈的抑菌作用;BS211菌对西瓜枯萎病有显著防效;BS211菌能在辣椒等多种作物体内定殖,有较强的宿主适应性。
基金Supported by Scientific Research and Development Fund of Hefei University of Technology(070602F)Research Funding Project for Young Teachers in Colleges of Anhui Province(2008JQ1009)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim of this study was to screen bacteria strains with stable antagonistic effect against watermelon fusarium wilt from soil and investigate the biological control of watermelon fusarium wilt by applying the antagonistic bacteria strains into soil.[Method] Actinomycete strains,fluorescent bacteria strains and bacillus strains were isolated from soil samples by the dilution-plate method,then its resistance was screened respectively by the improved confront culture method after colonies were purified.Finally,bacteria strains with better antagonistic effect were identified.[Result] 29 bacteria strains with stable antagonistic effect against watermelon fusarium wilt were screened from 39 soil samples,which contained 15 fluorescent bacteria strains,5 bacillus strains and 9 actinomycete strains.Furthermore,three antagonistic bacteria strains of FM2,FM3 and FM4 with the strongest antagonism were identified primarily.[Conclusion] According to cultural characteristics,morphological observation,biochemical and physiological tests,FM2 belongs to bacillus subtilis,while FM3 and FM4 belong to micrococcus.
文摘对菌株Lh-1进行鉴定,并对其防治西瓜枯萎病的效果进行评价。通过形态观察、生理生化检测和16S r RNA基因同源性分析鉴定菌株Lh-1,测定其抑菌谱。设计盆栽试验来评价施用有机肥加Lh-1菌液(T2),施用有机肥(T1)和化肥(CK)3种处理的防治效果。结果显示,将Lh-1鉴定为解淀粉芽胞杆菌。该菌对多种植物病原菌都有抑制作用具有广谱抗菌活性,尤其对西瓜枯萎病有良好的防治效果。盆栽试验表明添加Lh-1后发病率仅为17.2%,与对照相比防治效果达到78.5%,植株高度、鲜重和干重指标均为最高;瓜苗中的SOD、POD和CAT活性显著提高而MDA含量明显下降;瓜苗根际的微生物区系中细菌与放线菌含量上升,真菌特别是尖孢镰刀菌的数量下降,瓜苗根际微生物区系结构得到明显改善。解淀粉芽胞杆菌Lh-1能够防治西瓜枯萎病。
