在研究"一带一路"主体水资源区及分区的基础上,使用美国国家海洋和大气管理局数据库Climate Data Online多年平均日降水量站点数据,绘制了"一带一路"多年平均降水量分布图及等值线;以主体水资源区与全国降水量的比...在研究"一带一路"主体水资源区及分区的基础上,使用美国国家海洋和大气管理局数据库Climate Data Online多年平均日降水量站点数据,绘制了"一带一路"多年平均降水量分布图及等值线;以主体水资源区与全国降水量的比值为依据,折算得到分区水资源量;结合"一带一路"水资源特征,分水资源安全、水环境安全、水生态安全、水工程安全、供水保障安全、洪涝防御安全和跨界水安全等7个方面,分析了分区水安全问题,构建了体现"一带一路"特色的水安全保障体系框架。结果表明:"一带一路"降水量呈东南多、中间少、西北适中的分布特征,不同分区降水量等值线疏密程度不同,表明分区降水空间特性存在一定差异;分区水资源量空间分布极不均衡,如东南亚水资源量占全区域的比值高达46.88%,而东非和北非占比均不足1%;"一带一路"分区水安全形势各不相同,欠发达地区水安全问题突出,如中亚和非洲,跨界水安全问题在大多数地区均有所体现。展开更多
为了解华北地区农业用水问题,采用文献计量学方法,基于中国知网(CNKI)和ISI Web of Science数据库,依据该领域6个研究方向的论文发表量、发表期刊、被引频次等指标,对近35年来有关华北地区农业用水问题研究的发展态势、研究前沿、研究...为了解华北地区农业用水问题,采用文献计量学方法,基于中国知网(CNKI)和ISI Web of Science数据库,依据该领域6个研究方向的论文发表量、发表期刊、被引频次等指标,对近35年来有关华北地区农业用水问题研究的发展态势、研究前沿、研究机构等进行分析。结果表明:1)该领域的6个研究方向中,农业节水技术和节水基础理论与方法2个研究方向仍是当前研究的重点领域;2)模型模拟、气候变化和水资源现状3个研究方向是新兴的热点研究领域,且发展迅速;3)中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心和中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所两家单位在这一领域的研究中处于领先水平。展开更多
Water provides the origin of human survival and prosperity,and the basic resource for the maintenance of terrestrial eco-systems,their biodiversity,productivity and ecological services.With China’s recent,rapid growt...Water provides the origin of human survival and prosperity,and the basic resource for the maintenance of terrestrial eco-systems,their biodiversity,productivity and ecological services.With China’s recent,rapid growth both in population and economic development,the water shortage has become one of the most constraints on its ecological restoration and socio-economic development,especially in the arid inland regions of northwest China.At first glance,this water shortage in China appears to be a resource crisis.But second,an in-depth analysis reveals that the water shortage crisis arises mainly resulting from the poor water management system and operating mechanism that cannot facilitate fair allocation and efficient utilization of water resources both regionally and nationally and thus is viewed as a crisis of water manage-ment.The solution of China’s water shortage and low-efficient utilization problem will,in particular,require a fundamen-tal and substantial reform or innovation of the existing water management system and operating mechanism.In this paper,we address explicitly the problems existed in the current water management system,explore the basic theory of water re-sources management and provide some insights into the way how to establish a river basin based integrated water re-sources management system in China.展开更多
Women’s participation in each and every activity of a country is crucial. Especially to achieve the sustainable development goals involvement of girls and women in each sector of a nation contributes more and more. C...Women’s participation in each and every activity of a country is crucial. Especially to achieve the sustainable development goals involvement of girls and women in each sector of a nation contributes more and more. Considering women as family leaders;in many cultures in the household responsibility, taking care of their husband and children they are nation builders. However, participation, interaction and contribution of women outside of their house are not significant. Above all, in science and technology related matters their involvement is very weak. Therefore, this study deals with examining women’s participation in water resource management in Endertaworeda, specifically in Didba and Shibta sub-districts. The study result indicated that, the role of women in water management is high, especially in domestic level and the willingness to participate in external water issues was increased, but the decision making power never reached equality between men and women. The analysis shows that even though there are few women in the water committee of the local community and the water resource management sector, still their participation in decision making is insignificant. Even today, the society confirms the supremacy of men over women. As a result the policy at national levels as well as the regional level which emphasized on women’s participation in water resource management has become elusive its implementations. On the evidence of the study results, there are different barriers for women’s participation in management. The most frequently mentioned barriers are socio-cultural barriers, women’s low educational success and access in the country and low number of women in the office as managerial staff. Therefore, measures should be taken to enhance women’s participation in management position.展开更多
文摘在研究"一带一路"主体水资源区及分区的基础上,使用美国国家海洋和大气管理局数据库Climate Data Online多年平均日降水量站点数据,绘制了"一带一路"多年平均降水量分布图及等值线;以主体水资源区与全国降水量的比值为依据,折算得到分区水资源量;结合"一带一路"水资源特征,分水资源安全、水环境安全、水生态安全、水工程安全、供水保障安全、洪涝防御安全和跨界水安全等7个方面,分析了分区水安全问题,构建了体现"一带一路"特色的水安全保障体系框架。结果表明:"一带一路"降水量呈东南多、中间少、西北适中的分布特征,不同分区降水量等值线疏密程度不同,表明分区降水空间特性存在一定差异;分区水资源量空间分布极不均衡,如东南亚水资源量占全区域的比值高达46.88%,而东非和北非占比均不足1%;"一带一路"分区水安全形势各不相同,欠发达地区水安全问题突出,如中亚和非洲,跨界水安全问题在大多数地区均有所体现。
文摘为了解华北地区农业用水问题,采用文献计量学方法,基于中国知网(CNKI)和ISI Web of Science数据库,依据该领域6个研究方向的论文发表量、发表期刊、被引频次等指标,对近35年来有关华北地区农业用水问题研究的发展态势、研究前沿、研究机构等进行分析。结果表明:1)该领域的6个研究方向中,农业节水技术和节水基础理论与方法2个研究方向仍是当前研究的重点领域;2)模型模拟、气候变化和水资源现状3个研究方向是新兴的热点研究领域,且发展迅速;3)中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心和中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所两家单位在这一领域的研究中处于领先水平。
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (2009CB421302)the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams "The Basic Research on Water Issues of the Arid Inland Basin Regions in China" (CXTD-Z2005-2-4)
文摘Water provides the origin of human survival and prosperity,and the basic resource for the maintenance of terrestrial eco-systems,their biodiversity,productivity and ecological services.With China’s recent,rapid growth both in population and economic development,the water shortage has become one of the most constraints on its ecological restoration and socio-economic development,especially in the arid inland regions of northwest China.At first glance,this water shortage in China appears to be a resource crisis.But second,an in-depth analysis reveals that the water shortage crisis arises mainly resulting from the poor water management system and operating mechanism that cannot facilitate fair allocation and efficient utilization of water resources both regionally and nationally and thus is viewed as a crisis of water manage-ment.The solution of China’s water shortage and low-efficient utilization problem will,in particular,require a fundamen-tal and substantial reform or innovation of the existing water management system and operating mechanism.In this paper,we address explicitly the problems existed in the current water management system,explore the basic theory of water re-sources management and provide some insights into the way how to establish a river basin based integrated water re-sources management system in China.
文摘Women’s participation in each and every activity of a country is crucial. Especially to achieve the sustainable development goals involvement of girls and women in each sector of a nation contributes more and more. Considering women as family leaders;in many cultures in the household responsibility, taking care of their husband and children they are nation builders. However, participation, interaction and contribution of women outside of their house are not significant. Above all, in science and technology related matters their involvement is very weak. Therefore, this study deals with examining women’s participation in water resource management in Endertaworeda, specifically in Didba and Shibta sub-districts. The study result indicated that, the role of women in water management is high, especially in domestic level and the willingness to participate in external water issues was increased, but the decision making power never reached equality between men and women. The analysis shows that even though there are few women in the water committee of the local community and the water resource management sector, still their participation in decision making is insignificant. Even today, the society confirms the supremacy of men over women. As a result the policy at national levels as well as the regional level which emphasized on women’s participation in water resource management has become elusive its implementations. On the evidence of the study results, there are different barriers for women’s participation in management. The most frequently mentioned barriers are socio-cultural barriers, women’s low educational success and access in the country and low number of women in the office as managerial staff. Therefore, measures should be taken to enhance women’s participation in management position.
