“从善如流”的意思是听从好的意见就像水从高处流到低处一样通畅自然。该成语出自《左传·成公八年》,告诉我们:虚心接受别人提出的正确意见是非常有必要的。In the later years of the Spring and Autumn Period,Jin and Chu want...“从善如流”的意思是听从好的意见就像水从高处流到低处一样通畅自然。该成语出自《左传·成公八年》,告诉我们:虚心接受别人提出的正确意见是非常有必要的。In the later years of the Spring and Autumn Period,Jin and Chu wanted to be the strongest.Chu used its strong army to take over small countries.展开更多
Molecular identification methods,in particular high-throughput sequencing tools,have greatly improved our knowledge about fungal diversity and biogeography,but many of the recovered taxa from natural environments cann...Molecular identification methods,in particular high-throughput sequencing tools,have greatly improved our knowledge about fungal diversity and biogeography,but many of the recovered taxa from natural environments cannot be identified to species or even higher taxonomic levels.This study addresses the phylogenetic placement of previously unrecognized fungal groups by using two complementary approaches:(i)third-generation amplicon sequencing analysis of DNA from global soil samples,screening out ITS reads of<90%similarity to other available Sanger sequences,and(ii)analysis of common fungal taxa that were previously indicated to be enigmatic in terms of taxonomic placement based on the ITS sequences alone(so-called top50 sequences).For the global soil samples,we chose to amplify the full rRNA gene operon using four partly overlapping amplicons and multiple newly developed primers or primer combinations that cover nearly all fungi and a vast majority of non-fungal eukaryotes.We extracted the rRNA 18S(SSU)and 28S(LSU)genes and performed phylogenetic analyses against carefully selected reference material.Both SSU and LSU analyses placed most soil sequences and top50 sequences to known orders and classes,but tens of monophyletic groups and single sequences remained outside described taxa.Furthermore,the LSU analyses recovered a few small groups of sequences that may potentially represent novel phyla.We conclude that rRNA genes-based phylogenetic analyses are efficient tools for determining phylogenetic relationships of fungal taxa that cannot be placed to any order or class using ITS sequences alone.However,in many instances,longer rRNA gene sequences and availability of both SSU and LSU reads are needed to improve taxonomic resolution.By leveraging third-generation sequencing from global soil samples,we successfully provided phylogenetic placement for many previously unidentified sequences and broadened our view on the fungal tree of life,with 10-20%new order-level taxa.In addition,the PacBio sequence data greatly exte展开更多
1 A book read by Mahalie Johnston in the third grade sparked a mission to save tigers.2 Johnston said in third grade,she had read this book about poaching(偷猎)and deforestation,and she went up to Ava Holt and told he...1 A book read by Mahalie Johnston in the third grade sparked a mission to save tigers.2 Johnston said in third grade,she had read this book about poaching(偷猎)and deforestation,and she went up to Ava Holt and told her about it and she really wanted to help.展开更多
Dear editors:In the beginning of the 1980’s when the ignorance,the fear and the prejudice in response to IIIV were common,a lot of countries set restrictions for those infected who arrived and wanted to live in those...Dear editors:In the beginning of the 1980’s when the ignorance,the fear and the prejudice in response to IIIV were common,a lot of countries set restrictions for those infected who arrived and wanted to live in those countries.Besides the significant progress in the knowledge achieved since then,mainly how the virus is transmitted,and how it is not。展开更多
would 是英语中一个常用词,它一词多义,用法灵活,难以掌握。本文准备着重讨论它常见的“非过去将来时”意义及用法。1.作助动词,用于一般语气中。1)表示意愿,意为“想要”、“偏要”,相当于 wanted or desired or choseto。a.They had t...would 是英语中一个常用词,它一词多义,用法灵活,难以掌握。本文准备着重讨论它常见的“非过去将来时”意义及用法。1.作助动词,用于一般语气中。1)表示意愿,意为“想要”、“偏要”,相当于 wanted or desired or choseto。a.They had to obey whether they would or not.b.I told him not to go but he would not listen to me.这种意义,常和 like、rather、sooner 等连用,后接单词或词组,表示强烈的愿望。展开更多
David Tyler 13,wanted to fit in with the“cool”kids,sowhen a group of them headed for a parking garage one day afterschool,David went along.One of the boys lit up a cigarette
After a year of silting at home,redecorating the house,You-Tubing how to bake bread,and helping the kids with online school,we knew it was time to gel out and enjoy ourselves.But what could we do?We knew that we wante...After a year of silting at home,redecorating the house,You-Tubing how to bake bread,and helping the kids with online school,we knew it was time to gel out and enjoy ourselves.But what could we do?We knew that we wanted something physical to lose some weight.But we also wanted to have fun and be safe.展开更多
北外编的《大学英语教程》第五册第四课“A Most Forgiving Ape”中有一段含有 turn out to be 的文字。原文是这样的。 Our two guides turned out to be thin little Africans wearing bat-tered suits and hats and anything less li...北外编的《大学英语教程》第五册第四课“A Most Forgiving Ape”中有一段含有 turn out to be 的文字。原文是这样的。 Our two guides turned out to be thin little Africans wearing bat-tered suits and hats and anything less like mountaineers could hardlyhave been imagined. 这句话有两种译文:北外编的教师手册的译文是:“我们的向导结果是穿着破旧的西服戴着礼帽的两个非洲人,几乎无法想象有什么比他们更不象山里人的了。”李桂山等编的该教程自学辅导的译文是:“展开更多
Baosteel Technical Research, a quarterly journal, which is issued domestically and abroad, is run and sponsored by Baosteel Group Corporation. Baosteel Technical Research mainly reports the achievements in technologic...Baosteel Technical Research, a quarterly journal, which is issued domestically and abroad, is run and sponsored by Baosteel Group Corporation. Baosteel Technical Research mainly reports the achievements in technological innovation, academic research,展开更多
文摘“从善如流”的意思是听从好的意见就像水从高处流到低处一样通畅自然。该成语出自《左传·成公八年》,告诉我们:虚心接受别人提出的正确意见是非常有必要的。In the later years of the Spring and Autumn Period,Jin and Chu wanted to be the strongest.Chu used its strong army to take over small countries.
基金funded by the Estonian Science Foundation(Grants PUT1399,PRG632,MOBERC21)。
文摘Molecular identification methods,in particular high-throughput sequencing tools,have greatly improved our knowledge about fungal diversity and biogeography,but many of the recovered taxa from natural environments cannot be identified to species or even higher taxonomic levels.This study addresses the phylogenetic placement of previously unrecognized fungal groups by using two complementary approaches:(i)third-generation amplicon sequencing analysis of DNA from global soil samples,screening out ITS reads of<90%similarity to other available Sanger sequences,and(ii)analysis of common fungal taxa that were previously indicated to be enigmatic in terms of taxonomic placement based on the ITS sequences alone(so-called top50 sequences).For the global soil samples,we chose to amplify the full rRNA gene operon using four partly overlapping amplicons and multiple newly developed primers or primer combinations that cover nearly all fungi and a vast majority of non-fungal eukaryotes.We extracted the rRNA 18S(SSU)and 28S(LSU)genes and performed phylogenetic analyses against carefully selected reference material.Both SSU and LSU analyses placed most soil sequences and top50 sequences to known orders and classes,but tens of monophyletic groups and single sequences remained outside described taxa.Furthermore,the LSU analyses recovered a few small groups of sequences that may potentially represent novel phyla.We conclude that rRNA genes-based phylogenetic analyses are efficient tools for determining phylogenetic relationships of fungal taxa that cannot be placed to any order or class using ITS sequences alone.However,in many instances,longer rRNA gene sequences and availability of both SSU and LSU reads are needed to improve taxonomic resolution.By leveraging third-generation sequencing from global soil samples,we successfully provided phylogenetic placement for many previously unidentified sequences and broadened our view on the fungal tree of life,with 10-20%new order-level taxa.In addition,the PacBio sequence data greatly exte
文摘1 A book read by Mahalie Johnston in the third grade sparked a mission to save tigers.2 Johnston said in third grade,she had read this book about poaching(偷猎)and deforestation,and she went up to Ava Holt and told her about it and she really wanted to help.
文摘Dear editors:In the beginning of the 1980’s when the ignorance,the fear and the prejudice in response to IIIV were common,a lot of countries set restrictions for those infected who arrived and wanted to live in those countries.Besides the significant progress in the knowledge achieved since then,mainly how the virus is transmitted,and how it is not。
文摘would 是英语中一个常用词,它一词多义,用法灵活,难以掌握。本文准备着重讨论它常见的“非过去将来时”意义及用法。1.作助动词,用于一般语气中。1)表示意愿,意为“想要”、“偏要”,相当于 wanted or desired or choseto。a.They had to obey whether they would or not.b.I told him not to go but he would not listen to me.这种意义,常和 like、rather、sooner 等连用,后接单词或词组,表示强烈的愿望。
文摘David Tyler 13,wanted to fit in with the“cool”kids,sowhen a group of them headed for a parking garage one day afterschool,David went along.One of the boys lit up a cigarette
文摘After a year of silting at home,redecorating the house,You-Tubing how to bake bread,and helping the kids with online school,we knew it was time to gel out and enjoy ourselves.But what could we do?We knew that we wanted something physical to lose some weight.But we also wanted to have fun and be safe.
文摘北外编的《大学英语教程》第五册第四课“A Most Forgiving Ape”中有一段含有 turn out to be 的文字。原文是这样的。 Our two guides turned out to be thin little Africans wearing bat-tered suits and hats and anything less like mountaineers could hardlyhave been imagined. 这句话有两种译文:北外编的教师手册的译文是:“我们的向导结果是穿着破旧的西服戴着礼帽的两个非洲人,几乎无法想象有什么比他们更不象山里人的了。”李桂山等编的该教程自学辅导的译文是:“
文摘Baosteel Technical Research, a quarterly journal, which is issued domestically and abroad, is run and sponsored by Baosteel Group Corporation. Baosteel Technical Research mainly reports the achievements in technological innovation, academic research,
