Background and Aim: Phacoemulsification surgery with intraocular lens implantation is routinely done under topical anaesthesia in many centres. No comparative study on the efficacy of number of drops of topical anaest...Background and Aim: Phacoemulsification surgery with intraocular lens implantation is routinely done under topical anaesthesia in many centres. No comparative study on the efficacy of number of drops of topical anaesthetics effective for phacoemulsification surgery has been done. This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of 2 drops versus 3 drops proparacaine 0.5% ophthalmic solution for phacoemulsification surgery. Methods: Patients with uncomplicated cataract undergoing phacoemulsification surgery were randomised into two groups. Group 1 (n = 53) received 3 drops of proparacaine 0.5% whereas group 2 (n = 47) received 2 drops of the same solution before the start of surgery. All the patients underwent phacoemulsification with foldable intraocular lens implantation. Each patient’s subjective experience of pain was measured using a 10 point Visual Analogue Pain Scale (VAS). Patient’s cooperation during the surgery was assessed using a 3 point score. Both the evaluating resident doctor and patients were blinded. Results: In group 1, 73.6% patients scored 0, 20.8% scored 1 and 5.7% scored 2 of VAS respectively and in group 2, 89.4%, 6.4%, 4.3% patients scored 0, 1 and 2 of VAS respectively. In patient cooperation, 90.1% and 9.4% patients in group 1 scored 1 and 2 respectively whereas 87.2% and 12.8% patients scored 1 and 2 respectively in group 2. No statistically significant difference in the mean VAS (P = 0.0.55) and patient cooperation score (P = 0.597) was found between the two groups. The mean VAS score was 1.24 ± 0.534 and the mean patient cooperation score was 1.11 ± 0.314. The mean total surgical time was 25.11 ± 2.68 minutes. No additional drops were required for either group. Conclusions: Topical anaesthesia with both 2 drops and 3 drops proparacaine 0.5% ophthalmic solution is effective for phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. Additional anaesthesia may be unnecessary in these cases.展开更多
文摘Background and Aim: Phacoemulsification surgery with intraocular lens implantation is routinely done under topical anaesthesia in many centres. No comparative study on the efficacy of number of drops of topical anaesthetics effective for phacoemulsification surgery has been done. This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of 2 drops versus 3 drops proparacaine 0.5% ophthalmic solution for phacoemulsification surgery. Methods: Patients with uncomplicated cataract undergoing phacoemulsification surgery were randomised into two groups. Group 1 (n = 53) received 3 drops of proparacaine 0.5% whereas group 2 (n = 47) received 2 drops of the same solution before the start of surgery. All the patients underwent phacoemulsification with foldable intraocular lens implantation. Each patient’s subjective experience of pain was measured using a 10 point Visual Analogue Pain Scale (VAS). Patient’s cooperation during the surgery was assessed using a 3 point score. Both the evaluating resident doctor and patients were blinded. Results: In group 1, 73.6% patients scored 0, 20.8% scored 1 and 5.7% scored 2 of VAS respectively and in group 2, 89.4%, 6.4%, 4.3% patients scored 0, 1 and 2 of VAS respectively. In patient cooperation, 90.1% and 9.4% patients in group 1 scored 1 and 2 respectively whereas 87.2% and 12.8% patients scored 1 and 2 respectively in group 2. No statistically significant difference in the mean VAS (P = 0.0.55) and patient cooperation score (P = 0.597) was found between the two groups. The mean VAS score was 1.24 ± 0.534 and the mean patient cooperation score was 1.11 ± 0.314. The mean total surgical time was 25.11 ± 2.68 minutes. No additional drops were required for either group. Conclusions: Topical anaesthesia with both 2 drops and 3 drops proparacaine 0.5% ophthalmic solution is effective for phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. Additional anaesthesia may be unnecessary in these cases.
文摘目的观察复方雷公藤外敷剂缓解类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)关节疼痛的有效性和安全性。方法采用多中心随机双盲对照试验设计,将174例疾病中度活动的RA患者随机分为外敷剂组(治疗组)和安慰剂组(对照组),每组87例,肿痛关节部位涂抹外用药物,每次20g,每日1次,共8周。以患者报告的关节疼痛缓解做为主要疗效指标,并于治疗前、治疗4周及治疗后评价疼痛视觉模拟量表评分(visual analogue scale for pain,VAS)、28个关节数疾病活动度评分(disease activity score of 28joints,DAS28)、患者健康总体评价,治疗前后检测ESR及hs-CRP。治疗中观察女性月经变化情况,并采用皮肤刺激性强度评价标准对记录试验过程中出现的皮肤刺激进行评价。采用意向性分析进行统计分析。结果治疗组患者关节疼痛缓解率[79例(90.8%)]高于对照组[60例(69.0%),P=0.001]。与本组治疗前比较,两组治疗4周及治疗后疼痛VAS、DAS28评分、总体VAS均改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);治疗组治疗后ESR及hs-CRP水平下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。两组治疗后疼痛VAS、DAS28评分、患者健康总体评价、ESR及hs-CRP比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗组共发生8例不良事件,其中5例皮肤过敏、1例不能忍受药物气味、2例轻度肝损伤;对照组共发生3例不良事件,其中2例皮肤过敏,1例轻度肝损伤。两组不良事件发生率差异无计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗组未见女性患者报道月经变化。结论复方雷公藤外敷剂外敷是一种有效、安全的缓解RA关节疼痛的治疗方法,可作为缓解RA关节疼痛的辅助方法。
