The main contents in this note are: 1. introduction; 2. locally compact groups and local fields; 3. calculus on fractals based upon local fields; 4. fractional calculus and fractals; 5. fractal function spaces and PDE...The main contents in this note are: 1. introduction; 2. locally compact groups and local fields; 3. calculus on fractals based upon local fields; 4. fractional calculus and fractals; 5. fractal function spaces and PDE on fractals.展开更多
Potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)are considered promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries owing to cost-effective potassium resources and a suitable redox potential of-2.93 V(vs.-3.04 V for Li+/Li).However,the explo...Potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)are considered promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries owing to cost-effective potassium resources and a suitable redox potential of-2.93 V(vs.-3.04 V for Li+/Li).However,the exploration of appro-priate electrode materials with the correct size for reversibly accommodating large K+ions presents a significant challenge.In addition,the reaction mecha-nisms and origins of enhanced performance remain elusive.Here,tetragonal FeSe nanoflakes of different sizes are designed to serve as an anode for PIBs,and their live and atomic-scale potassiation/depotassiation mechanisms are revealed for the first time through in situ high-resolution transmission electron micros-copy.We found that FeSe undergoes two distinct structural evolutions,sequen-tially characterized by intercalation and conversion reactions,and the initial intercalation behavior is size-dependent.Apparent expansion induced by the intercalation of K+ions is observed in small-sized FeSe nanoflakes,whereas unexpected cracks are formed along the direction of ionic diffusion in large-sized nanoflakes.The significant stress generation and crack extension originating from the combined effect of mechanical and electrochemical interactions are elucidated by geometric phase analysis and finite-element analysis.Despite the different intercalation behaviors,the formed products of Fe and K_(2)Se after full potassiation can be converted back into the original FeSe phase upon depotassiation.In particular,small-sized nanoflakes exhibit better cycling perfor-mance with well-maintained structural integrity.This article presents the first successful demonstration of atomic-scale visualization that can reveal size-dependent potassiation dynamics.Moreover,it provides valuable guidelines for optimizing the dimensions of electrode materials for advanced PIBs.展开更多
The production-oriented approach （POA） has been developed over a decade. It is driven by the need to improve English classroom instruction for university students in China （Wen, 2016）. It is also motivated by the ...The production-oriented approach （POA） has been developed over a decade. It is driven by the need to improve English classroom instruction for university students in China （Wen, 2016）. It is also motivated by the aspiration to enhance the quality of foreign language education in other similar pedagogical contexts outside China. A volume of research has been done by Wen Qiufang and her research team, to formulate the theory of POA and to test its effectiveness in classroom pedagogy （e.g. Wen, 2016, 2015; Yang, 2015; Zhang, 2015）. At the moment, the POA is still at an early stage of theory building and almost all empirical research is done in the Chinese context. In order to improve the quality of this theory and to make it intelligible to the international academic community, a one-day symposium was held in Beijing Foreign Studies University on May 15, 2017. The symposium was entitled ＇The first international forum on innovative foreign language education in China： Appraisal of the POA＇. In the forum, leading experts in applied linguistics were invited to discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the POA and the directions for its future development. The symposium was the first attempt for the POA research team to discuss its latest work with international scholars. This Viewpoint section collects the responses of four experts who participated in the symposium, listed in alphabetical order. The collection of articles covers three topics related to the POA： its pedagogical application, its use for teacher training, and its research. Alister Cumming is Professor Emeritus and the former Head of the Centre for Educational Research on Languages and Literacies, University of Toronto, Canada. His article focuses primarily on POA research as an exemplary case of design-based research. Rod Ellis is Research Professor in the School of Education at Curtin University, Australia. He discusses POA in terms of pedagogy, teacher training and research, with both critiques and constructive suggestions. Paul Kei M展开更多
新华社在推特上发布Once Upon a Virus(《病毒往事》)短视频,使国际受众了解中国抗击新冠肺炎疫情的过程与抗疫效果,反响热烈。分析国际受众的解码特点及其成因,有助于理解国家外交实践。研究以视觉语法和霍尔的受众解码模式为理论基础...新华社在推特上发布Once Upon a Virus(《病毒往事》)短视频,使国际受众了解中国抗击新冠肺炎疫情的过程与抗疫效果,反响热烈。分析国际受众的解码特点及其成因,有助于理解国家外交实践。研究以视觉语法和霍尔的受众解码模式为理论基础,分别用爬虫软件GooSeeker和AntConc3.5.8语料库工具对该短视频的多模态意义进行解构,并对YouTube社交媒体平台上有关该短视频的评论进行受众解码文本计量分析,探究主导式、协调式、对抗式三种解码模式评论文本的特点及成因。研究结果表明,主导式解码型评论的数量在总体上超过对抗式和协调式解码型评论。主导式解码型评论充分理解并认可短视频的内容、模态和创作手法,以及中国在抗击疫情期间的表现;对抗式解码型评论囿于对中国的刻板印象,加上先入为主的解读方式,因而忽视短视频本身的内容;协调式解码型评论视人类为命运共同体,认为当务之急是世界各国团结协作,共同应对这场全人类的灾难。展开更多
This study examined the role of regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted（RANTES） and its receptor C-C chemokine receptor type 5（CCR5） in gastric cancer metastasis and the associated mechanism...This study examined the role of regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted（RANTES） and its receptor C-C chemokine receptor type 5（CCR5） in gastric cancer metastasis and the associated mechanism.The expression of RANTES and CCR5 was detected by using immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting in the gastric cancer tissues obtained from 60 gastric cancer patients with or without lymph node metastasis（n=30 in each）.The results showed that the expression levels of RANTES and CCR5 were higher in gastric cancer with lymph node metastasis than in that without metastasis（P0.05）.The expression levels of RANTES in 30 lymph nodes with cancerous invasion were higher than in 30 normal lymph nodes（P0.05）.Chemotactic test revealed that the number of migrating gastric cancer cells（n=295.0±54.6） induced by the protein of cancer-invading lymph nodes was greater than that by the protein mixture from cancer-invading lymph nodes and RANTES antibody（n=42.5±11.6）（P0.05）.RT-PCR showed that the expression levels of the main Th1 cytokines（IL-2,γ-IFN） were lower in gastric cancer with lymph node metastasis（2.22±0.90,3.26±1.15 respectively） than in that without metastasis（3.07±1.67,4.77±1.52 respectively）（P0.05）,but the expression level of the main Th 2 cytokine（IL-10） was higher in gastric cancer with lymph nodes metastasis（6.06±2.04） than in that without metastasis（4.88±1.87）（P0.05）.It was concluded that RANTES and its receptor CCR5 may contribute to gastric cancer metastasis through influencing the balance of Th1/Th2.RANTES and CCR5 may become a marker of gastric cancer metastasis.展开更多
[Objective] This paper aims to construct an improved fuzzy decision tree which is based on clustering,and researches into its application in the screening of maize germplasm.[Method] A new decision tree algorithm base...[Objective] This paper aims to construct an improved fuzzy decision tree which is based on clustering,and researches into its application in the screening of maize germplasm.[Method] A new decision tree algorithm based upon clustering is adopted in this paper,which is improved against the defect that traditional decision tree algorithm fails to handle samples of no classes.Meanwhile,the improved algorithm is also applied to the screening of maize varieties.Through the indices as leaf area,plant height,dry weight,potassium（K） utilization and others,maize seeds with strong tolerance of hypokalemic are filtered out.[Result] The algorithm in the screening of maize germplasm has great applicability and good performance.[Conclusion] In the future more efforts should be made to compare improved the performance of fuzzy decision tree based upon clustering with the performance of traditional fuzzy one,and it should be applied into more realistic problems.展开更多
授课过程中发现,学生很难理解第2版的《新世纪大学英语阅读教程(第1册)》第7单元课文《追求完美》中的一句原文:“The hot Kerala sun bores down upon it and dries it in half-an-hour or so.”结合四个运用实例,通过语法和逻辑分析,...授课过程中发现,学生很难理解第2版的《新世纪大学英语阅读教程(第1册)》第7单元课文《追求完美》中的一句原文:“The hot Kerala sun bores down upon it and dries it in half-an-hour or so.”结合四个运用实例,通过语法和逻辑分析,文章指出原文出现了一个用法错误,词组应该是“bears down upon”而不是“bores down upon”。文章建议编著者在修订教材时要大胆质疑并及时发现错误,同时为了方便学生掌握要注出该词组的正确意思。展开更多
The authors explore some qualitative properties of solutions to a second-ordernonlinear boundary value problem on , which arises in the search of similaritysolutions for a power-law fluid or a generalized diffusion pr...The authors explore some qualitative properties of solutions to a second-ordernonlinear boundary value problem on , which arises in the search of similaritysolutions for a power-law fluid or a generalized diffusion process.展开更多
Starring Jet Li （Li Lianjie）, directed by Tsui Hark （Xu Ke）, and set in the turn of the century Guangdong Province, China, the martial arts trilogy Once upon a Time in China raises a number of questions concerning...Starring Jet Li （Li Lianjie）, directed by Tsui Hark （Xu Ke）, and set in the turn of the century Guangdong Province, China, the martial arts trilogy Once upon a Time in China raises a number of questions concerning history, China-West dichotomy, the dilemma of Chinese modernity, the structure of the ＂feminizing＂ gaze, and Westernized Chinese subjectivity. It has been suggested that Once upon a Time in China is a deliberate effort to retell and rediscover the past, and constitutes part of a response to the ＂Western gaze＂~a （re）affirmation of Chinese masculinity and cultural superiority--and therefore augments the ＂materiality of Chinese identity.＂ This study, by revisiting this old series, tries to address these points with the intention of demonstrating contradictions in the discourse regarding Chinese cultural identity and modernization and thereby creating a consciousness of the disjunctures, discontinuities, and most importantly, the inherent hybridity in Chinese culture and identity. The recognition of a mutually feminizing gaze between the West and the East reveals orientalism to be a cultural logic that lies in. the center of the ＂truly traumatic experience＂ of the post-colonial subject.展开更多
The significant effect that scheduling has upon the severity and types of drug toxicity has been known for many years. Evidence is available demonstrating that the schedule chosen will substantially effect the relativ...The significant effect that scheduling has upon the severity and types of drug toxicity has been known for many years. Evidence is available demonstrating that the schedule chosen will substantially effect the relative distribution of drug to various target organs. It has been shown that a likely cause for this with doxorubicin is that the efficiency of the various enzyme complexes responsible for disposing of the drug can be affected by scheduling. We believe a similar process can explain the marked effect that scheduling has on the pattern of 5-fluorouracil toxicity and present both clinical and computer data to illustrate this.展开更多
The structure of the solid solution treated and deformed Fe-25Mn-(0-3.11)Al-0.15C alloys was examined by means of metallograph and X-ray diffraction, which has confirmed that Al restrains the γ→ε transformation in ...The structure of the solid solution treated and deformed Fe-25Mn-(0-3.11)Al-0.15C alloys was examined by means of metallograph and X-ray diffraction, which has confirmed that Al restrains the γ→ε transformation in the Fe-Mn alloys. The mechanism on the restraining effect of Al has been discussed on the basis of the efFect of Al upon the stacking fault energy in the Fe-Mn alloys.Aluminium increases thermodynamically the stability of the Fe-Mn austenite and the driving force limit necessitated to be overcome for the γ→ε transformation, because the thermodynamicalcalculation indicates that Al increases the stacking fault energy in the Fe-Mn alloys at 300 K.Al will decrease the number and the size for the ε-martensite nucleus according to the stacking fault mechanism of the ε-martensite nucleation展开更多
Sugar and protein are the major macronutrients＇ sources, and their balanced intake is important for animal＇s health. It has been observed that animals are able to change food preference in an imbalanced nutritional ...Sugar and protein are the major macronutrients＇ sources, and their balanced intake is important for animal＇s health. It has been observed that animals are able to change food preference in an imbalanced nutritional condition to selectively consume nutrients that are deficient in the body （Dethier, 1976）. Early studies in both Drosophila and mouse have demonstrated that animals exhibit food rejection to imbalanced diets lacking essential amino acids （Hao et al., 2005; Bjordal et al., 2014）. Furthermore, the food preference change upon protein depri- vation has been characterized using a two choice assay in Drosophila （Ribeiro and Dickson, 2010; Vargas et al., 2010）. Different from protein food, sugar is the main energy source, and sugar deficiency severely affects animal survival （Lee et al., 2008）. However, whether animals adopt a strategy of fast food preference switch upon sugar deprivation had not been investigated, and the neural mechanisms underlying this behavior regulation remain poorly understood.展开更多
Estimation of boundary parameters and prediction of transmission loss using a coherent channel model based upon ray acoustics and sound propagation data collected in field experiments are presented. Comparison betwee...Estimation of boundary parameters and prediction of transmission loss using a coherent channel model based upon ray acoustics and sound propagation data collected in field experiments are presented. Comparison between the prediction results and the experiment data indicates that the adopted sound propagation model is valuable, both selection and estimation methods on boundary parameters are reasonable, and the prediction performance of transmission loss is favorable.展开更多
Unlike vertebrates that have the circulating immune system, plants have evolved an efficient innate immune system to defend against invading pathogens.At cellular level,the plant innate immunity primarily relies on pl...Unlike vertebrates that have the circulating immune system, plants have evolved an efficient innate immune system to defend against invading pathogens.At cellular level,the plant innate immunity primarily relies on plasma membranelocalized receptor-like kinases(RLKs)-mediated signalings. These RLKs are typically comprised of an extracellular domain,a transmembrane domain,and an intracellular kinase domain.Upon pathogen infection,the immune related RLKs.展开更多
The paper represents a rigorous treatment of the underlying quantum theory, not just in words but providing the underlying technical details, as to why matter occupies so large a volume and its intimate connection wit...The paper represents a rigorous treatment of the underlying quantum theory, not just in words but providing the underlying technical details, as to why matter occupies so large a volume and its intimate connection with the Pauli exclusion principle, as more and more matter is put together, as well as of the contraction or shrinkage of ＂bosonic matter＂, upon collapse, for which the Panli exclusion is abolished. From the derived explicit bounds of integrals of powers of the particle number densities, explicit bounds on probabilities of the occurrences of the events just described are extracted. These probabilities lead one to infer the change of the ＂size＂ or extension of such matter, upon expansion or contraction, respectively, as their content is increased.展开更多
What mini vehicle market ’97 was like 1. Sustainable rapid growth of mini vehicle production Mini vehicle market has maintained swift growth for the consecutive 7 years. In 1997, mini vehicle output (including mini v...What mini vehicle market ’97 was like 1. Sustainable rapid growth of mini vehicle production Mini vehicle market has maintained swift growth for the consecutive 7 years. In 1997, mini vehicle output (including mini vans and mi-展开更多
Mutatox is a new genotoxicity bioassay which uses as the endpoint the bioluminescence produced on reversion of a dark strain of the marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri ±S9.Reversion can occur by several mechanisms, ...Mutatox is a new genotoxicity bioassay which uses as the endpoint the bioluminescence produced on reversion of a dark strain of the marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri ±S9.Reversion can occur by several mechanisms, including base substitution, frame-shift, SOS induction, and DNA intercalation. For screening, Mutatox provides many advantages over the Salmonella trphimurium (Ames) assay: it requires minimal sterility, employs a shorter incubation period, and does not require culture maintenance. Eighteen organic chemicals (phenol, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, nitrotoluenes, others), Na3PO4, and 4 genotoxic metals (Cu2+, Ni2+, As3+, Cd2+) were tested. Most of the organic compounds positive in S. typhimurium assays were positive in Mutatox. None of the metals was genotoxic in V. fischeri, possibly due to poor uptake from the saline medium展开更多
The impact of soil moisture availability on the Bowen ratio and on the partition of net radiation flux into sensible, latent and soil heat fluxes was investigated by using one-dimensional primitive equations with a r... The impact of soil moisture availability on the Bowen ratio and on the partition of net radiation flux into sensible, latent and soil heat fluxes was investigated by using one-dimensional primitive equations with a refined soil parameterization scheme. Simulation results presented that as soil moisture availability increases, the Bowen ratio and the partition of net radiation flux into sensible and soil heat fluxes decrease. The partition of net radiation flux into latent heat flux, however, increases. Quantitative relationships between Bowen ratio and the partitions with soil moisture availability were also given in this study.展开更多
文摘The main contents in this note are: 1. introduction; 2. locally compact groups and local fields; 3. calculus on fractals based upon local fields; 4. fractional calculus and fractals; 5. fractal function spaces and PDE on fractals.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2018YFB1304902)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12004034,U1813211,22005247,11904372,51502007,52072323,52122211,12174019,and 51972058)+1 种基金the Gen-eral Research Fund of Hong Kong(Project No.11217221)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project(Grant No.2021M690386).
文摘Potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)are considered promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries owing to cost-effective potassium resources and a suitable redox potential of-2.93 V(vs.-3.04 V for Li+/Li).However,the exploration of appro-priate electrode materials with the correct size for reversibly accommodating large K+ions presents a significant challenge.In addition,the reaction mecha-nisms and origins of enhanced performance remain elusive.Here,tetragonal FeSe nanoflakes of different sizes are designed to serve as an anode for PIBs,and their live and atomic-scale potassiation/depotassiation mechanisms are revealed for the first time through in situ high-resolution transmission electron micros-copy.We found that FeSe undergoes two distinct structural evolutions,sequen-tially characterized by intercalation and conversion reactions,and the initial intercalation behavior is size-dependent.Apparent expansion induced by the intercalation of K+ions is observed in small-sized FeSe nanoflakes,whereas unexpected cracks are formed along the direction of ionic diffusion in large-sized nanoflakes.The significant stress generation and crack extension originating from the combined effect of mechanical and electrochemical interactions are elucidated by geometric phase analysis and finite-element analysis.Despite the different intercalation behaviors,the formed products of Fe and K_(2)Se after full potassiation can be converted back into the original FeSe phase upon depotassiation.In particular,small-sized nanoflakes exhibit better cycling perfor-mance with well-maintained structural integrity.This article presents the first successful demonstration of atomic-scale visualization that can reveal size-dependent potassiation dynamics.Moreover,it provides valuable guidelines for optimizing the dimensions of electrode materials for advanced PIBs.
文摘The production-oriented approach （POA） has been developed over a decade. It is driven by the need to improve English classroom instruction for university students in China （Wen, 2016）. It is also motivated by the aspiration to enhance the quality of foreign language education in other similar pedagogical contexts outside China. A volume of research has been done by Wen Qiufang and her research team, to formulate the theory of POA and to test its effectiveness in classroom pedagogy （e.g. Wen, 2016, 2015; Yang, 2015; Zhang, 2015）. At the moment, the POA is still at an early stage of theory building and almost all empirical research is done in the Chinese context. In order to improve the quality of this theory and to make it intelligible to the international academic community, a one-day symposium was held in Beijing Foreign Studies University on May 15, 2017. The symposium was entitled ＇The first international forum on innovative foreign language education in China： Appraisal of the POA＇. In the forum, leading experts in applied linguistics were invited to discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the POA and the directions for its future development. The symposium was the first attempt for the POA research team to discuss its latest work with international scholars. This Viewpoint section collects the responses of four experts who participated in the symposium, listed in alphabetical order. The collection of articles covers three topics related to the POA： its pedagogical application, its use for teacher training, and its research. Alister Cumming is Professor Emeritus and the former Head of the Centre for Educational Research on Languages and Literacies, University of Toronto, Canada. His article focuses primarily on POA research as an exemplary case of design-based research. Rod Ellis is Research Professor in the School of Education at Curtin University, Australia. He discusses POA in terms of pedagogy, teacher training and research, with both critiques and constructive suggestions. Paul Kei M
文摘新华社在推特上发布Once Upon a Virus(《病毒往事》)短视频,使国际受众了解中国抗击新冠肺炎疫情的过程与抗疫效果,反响热烈。分析国际受众的解码特点及其成因,有助于理解国家外交实践。研究以视觉语法和霍尔的受众解码模式为理论基础,分别用爬虫软件GooSeeker和AntConc3.5.8语料库工具对该短视频的多模态意义进行解构,并对YouTube社交媒体平台上有关该短视频的评论进行受众解码文本计量分析,探究主导式、协调式、对抗式三种解码模式评论文本的特点及成因。研究结果表明,主导式解码型评论的数量在总体上超过对抗式和协调式解码型评论。主导式解码型评论充分理解并认可短视频的内容、模态和创作手法,以及中国在抗击疫情期间的表现;对抗式解码型评论囿于对中国的刻板印象,加上先入为主的解读方式,因而忽视短视频本身的内容;协调式解码型评论视人类为命运共同体,认为当务之急是世界各国团结协作,共同应对这场全人类的灾难。
基金supported by a grant from Natural Sciences Foundation of Hubei Province of China (No. 2006ABA098)
文摘This study examined the role of regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted（RANTES） and its receptor C-C chemokine receptor type 5（CCR5） in gastric cancer metastasis and the associated mechanism.The expression of RANTES and CCR5 was detected by using immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting in the gastric cancer tissues obtained from 60 gastric cancer patients with or without lymph node metastasis（n=30 in each）.The results showed that the expression levels of RANTES and CCR5 were higher in gastric cancer with lymph node metastasis than in that without metastasis（P0.05）.The expression levels of RANTES in 30 lymph nodes with cancerous invasion were higher than in 30 normal lymph nodes（P0.05）.Chemotactic test revealed that the number of migrating gastric cancer cells（n=295.0±54.6） induced by the protein of cancer-invading lymph nodes was greater than that by the protein mixture from cancer-invading lymph nodes and RANTES antibody（n=42.5±11.6）（P0.05）.RT-PCR showed that the expression levels of the main Th1 cytokines（IL-2,γ-IFN） were lower in gastric cancer with lymph node metastasis（2.22±0.90,3.26±1.15 respectively） than in that without metastasis（3.07±1.67,4.77±1.52 respectively）（P0.05）,but the expression level of the main Th 2 cytokine（IL-10） was higher in gastric cancer with lymph nodes metastasis（6.06±2.04） than in that without metastasis（4.88±1.87）（P0.05）.It was concluded that RANTES and its receptor CCR5 may contribute to gastric cancer metastasis through influencing the balance of Th1/Th2.RANTES and CCR5 may become a marker of gastric cancer metastasis.
文摘[Objective] This paper aims to construct an improved fuzzy decision tree which is based on clustering,and researches into its application in the screening of maize germplasm.[Method] A new decision tree algorithm based upon clustering is adopted in this paper,which is improved against the defect that traditional decision tree algorithm fails to handle samples of no classes.Meanwhile,the improved algorithm is also applied to the screening of maize varieties.Through the indices as leaf area,plant height,dry weight,potassium（K） utilization and others,maize seeds with strong tolerance of hypokalemic are filtered out.[Result] The algorithm in the screening of maize germplasm has great applicability and good performance.[Conclusion] In the future more efforts should be made to compare improved the performance of fuzzy decision tree based upon clustering with the performance of traditional fuzzy one,and it should be applied into more realistic problems.
文摘授课过程中发现,学生很难理解第2版的《新世纪大学英语阅读教程(第1册)》第7单元课文《追求完美》中的一句原文:“The hot Kerala sun bores down upon it and dries it in half-an-hour or so.”结合四个运用实例,通过语法和逻辑分析,文章指出原文出现了一个用法错误,词组应该是“bears down upon”而不是“bores down upon”。文章建议编著者在修订教材时要大胆质疑并及时发现错误,同时为了方便学生掌握要注出该词组的正确意思。
文摘The authors explore some qualitative properties of solutions to a second-ordernonlinear boundary value problem on , which arises in the search of similaritysolutions for a power-law fluid or a generalized diffusion process.
文摘Starring Jet Li （Li Lianjie）, directed by Tsui Hark （Xu Ke）, and set in the turn of the century Guangdong Province, China, the martial arts trilogy Once upon a Time in China raises a number of questions concerning history, China-West dichotomy, the dilemma of Chinese modernity, the structure of the ＂feminizing＂ gaze, and Westernized Chinese subjectivity. It has been suggested that Once upon a Time in China is a deliberate effort to retell and rediscover the past, and constitutes part of a response to the ＂Western gaze＂~a （re）affirmation of Chinese masculinity and cultural superiority--and therefore augments the ＂materiality of Chinese identity.＂ This study, by revisiting this old series, tries to address these points with the intention of demonstrating contradictions in the discourse regarding Chinese cultural identity and modernization and thereby creating a consciousness of the disjunctures, discontinuities, and most importantly, the inherent hybridity in Chinese culture and identity. The recognition of a mutually feminizing gaze between the West and the East reveals orientalism to be a cultural logic that lies in. the center of the ＂truly traumatic experience＂ of the post-colonial subject.
文摘The significant effect that scheduling has upon the severity and types of drug toxicity has been known for many years. Evidence is available demonstrating that the schedule chosen will substantially effect the relative distribution of drug to various target organs. It has been shown that a likely cause for this with doxorubicin is that the efficiency of the various enzyme complexes responsible for disposing of the drug can be affected by scheduling. We believe a similar process can explain the marked effect that scheduling has on the pattern of 5-fluorouracil toxicity and present both clinical and computer data to illustrate this.
文摘The structure of the solid solution treated and deformed Fe-25Mn-(0-3.11)Al-0.15C alloys was examined by means of metallograph and X-ray diffraction, which has confirmed that Al restrains the γ→ε transformation in the Fe-Mn alloys. The mechanism on the restraining effect of Al has been discussed on the basis of the efFect of Al upon the stacking fault energy in the Fe-Mn alloys.Aluminium increases thermodynamically the stability of the Fe-Mn austenite and the driving force limit necessitated to be overcome for the γ→ε transformation, because the thermodynamicalcalculation indicates that Al increases the stacking fault energy in the Fe-Mn alloys at 300 K.Al will decrease the number and the size for the ε-martensite nucleus according to the stacking fault mechanism of the ε-martensite nucleation
基金supported by the grants from the National Science Foundation of China(Nos. 91132709 and 31130027)
文摘Sugar and protein are the major macronutrients＇ sources, and their balanced intake is important for animal＇s health. It has been observed that animals are able to change food preference in an imbalanced nutritional condition to selectively consume nutrients that are deficient in the body （Dethier, 1976）. Early studies in both Drosophila and mouse have demonstrated that animals exhibit food rejection to imbalanced diets lacking essential amino acids （Hao et al., 2005; Bjordal et al., 2014）. Furthermore, the food preference change upon protein depri- vation has been characterized using a two choice assay in Drosophila （Ribeiro and Dickson, 2010; Vargas et al., 2010）. Different from protein food, sugar is the main energy source, and sugar deficiency severely affects animal survival （Lee et al., 2008）. However, whether animals adopt a strategy of fast food preference switch upon sugar deprivation had not been investigated, and the neural mechanisms underlying this behavior regulation remain poorly understood.
文摘Estimation of boundary parameters and prediction of transmission loss using a coherent channel model based upon ray acoustics and sound propagation data collected in field experiments are presented. Comparison between the prediction results and the experiment data indicates that the adopted sound propagation model is valuable, both selection and estimation methods on boundary parameters are reasonable, and the prediction performance of transmission loss is favorable.
文摘Unlike vertebrates that have the circulating immune system, plants have evolved an efficient innate immune system to defend against invading pathogens.At cellular level,the plant innate immunity primarily relies on plasma membranelocalized receptor-like kinases(RLKs)-mediated signalings. These RLKs are typically comprised of an extracellular domain,a transmembrane domain,and an intracellular kinase domain.Upon pathogen infection,the immune related RLKs.
文摘The paper represents a rigorous treatment of the underlying quantum theory, not just in words but providing the underlying technical details, as to why matter occupies so large a volume and its intimate connection with the Pauli exclusion principle, as more and more matter is put together, as well as of the contraction or shrinkage of ＂bosonic matter＂, upon collapse, for which the Panli exclusion is abolished. From the derived explicit bounds of integrals of powers of the particle number densities, explicit bounds on probabilities of the occurrences of the events just described are extracted. These probabilities lead one to infer the change of the ＂size＂ or extension of such matter, upon expansion or contraction, respectively, as their content is increased.
文摘What mini vehicle market ’97 was like 1. Sustainable rapid growth of mini vehicle production Mini vehicle market has maintained swift growth for the consecutive 7 years. In 1997, mini vehicle output (including mini vans and mi-
文摘Mutatox is a new genotoxicity bioassay which uses as the endpoint the bioluminescence produced on reversion of a dark strain of the marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri ±S9.Reversion can occur by several mechanisms, including base substitution, frame-shift, SOS induction, and DNA intercalation. For screening, Mutatox provides many advantages over the Salmonella trphimurium (Ames) assay: it requires minimal sterility, employs a shorter incubation period, and does not require culture maintenance. Eighteen organic chemicals (phenol, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, nitrotoluenes, others), Na3PO4, and 4 genotoxic metals (Cu2+, Ni2+, As3+, Cd2+) were tested. Most of the organic compounds positive in S. typhimurium assays were positive in Mutatox. None of the metals was genotoxic in V. fischeri, possibly due to poor uptake from the saline medium
文摘 The impact of soil moisture availability on the Bowen ratio and on the partition of net radiation flux into sensible, latent and soil heat fluxes was investigated by using one-dimensional primitive equations with a refined soil parameterization scheme. Simulation results presented that as soil moisture availability increases, the Bowen ratio and the partition of net radiation flux into sensible and soil heat fluxes decrease. The partition of net radiation flux into latent heat flux, however, increases. Quantitative relationships between Bowen ratio and the partitions with soil moisture availability were also given in this study.
