BACKGROUND:The present study aimed to explore the relationship between surgical methods,hemorrhage position,hemorrhage volume,surgical timing and treatment outcome of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(HICH).METHOD...BACKGROUND:The present study aimed to explore the relationship between surgical methods,hemorrhage position,hemorrhage volume,surgical timing and treatment outcome of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(HICH).METHODS:A total of 1 310 patients,who had been admitted to six hospitals from January 2004 to January 2008,were divided into six groups according to different surgical methods:craniotomy through bone fl ap(group A),craniotomy through a small bone window(group B),stereotactic drilling drainage(group C1 and group C2),neuron-endoscopy operation(group D) and external ventricular drainage(group E) in consideration of hemorrhage position,hemorrhage volume and clinical practice. A retrospective analysis was made of surgical timing and curative effect of the surgical methods.RESULTS:The effectiveness rate of the methods was 74.12% for 1 310 patients after onemonth follow-up. In this series,the disability rate was 44.82% 3–6 months after the operation. Among the 1 310 patients,241(18.40%) patients died after the operation. If hematoma volume was >80 mL and the operation was performed within 3 hours,the mortality rate of group A was signifi cantly lower than that of groups B,C,D,and E(P<0.05). If hematoma volume was 50–80 mL and the operation was performed within 6–12 hours,the mortality rate of groups B and D was lower than that of groups A,C and E(P<0.05). If hematoma volume was 20–50 mL and the operation was performed within 6–24 hours,the mortality rate of group C was lower than that of groups A,B and D(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Craniotomy through a bone f lap is suitable for patients with a large hematoma and hernia of the brain. Stereotactic drilling drainage is suggested for patients with hematoma volume less than 80 mL. The curative effect of HICH individualized treatment would be improved via the suitable selection of operation time and surgical method according to the position and volume of hemorrhage.展开更多
Suitable methods for enhancing the volume stability of steel slag utilized as fine aggregate were determined. The effects of steam treatment at 100 ℃ and autoclave treatment under 2.0 MPa on the soundness of steel sl...Suitable methods for enhancing the volume stability of steel slag utilized as fine aggregate were determined. The effects of steam treatment at 100 ℃ and autoclave treatment under 2.0 MPa on the soundness of steel slag sand were investigated by means of powder ratio, linear expansion, compressive and flexural strength. DTA, EDX, XRD and ethylene glycol methods were employed to analyze both the treated slags and susceptible expansion grains. Experimental results indicate that powder ratio, content of free lime and rate of linear expansion can express the improvement in volume stability of different treated methods. Steam treatment process cannot ultimately prevent specimens from cracking and decrease of strength, but mortar made from autoclave treated slag keeps integration subjected to hot water of 80℃ until 28 d and its strength do not show significant decrement. The hydration of over-burn free lime and periclase phase are the main cause for the disintegration or crack of untreated and steam treated steel slag＇s specimens. Autoclave treatment process is more effective than steam treatment process on enhancement of volume stability of steel slag.展开更多
Varicocele is a comm on fin ding in men. Varicocele correcti on has bee n advocated for young patients with testicular hypotrophy, but there is a lack of morphofunctional follow-up data. We assessed whether percutaneo...Varicocele is a comm on fin ding in men. Varicocele correcti on has bee n advocated for young patients with testicular hypotrophy, but there is a lack of morphofunctional follow-up data. We assessed whether percutaneous treatment of left varicocele is associated with testicular "catch-up growth" in the following 12 months by retrospectively reviewing data from an electronic database of 10 656 patients followed up in our clinic between 2006 and 2016. We selected all young adults (<35 years) with left varicocele who un derwe nt percuta neous treatment, had a minimum of 12 mon ths' ultraso und imagi ng follow-up, and had no other con ditions affecting testicular volume. One hundred and fourteen men (mean±standard deviation [s.d.] of age: 22.8 ± 5.4 years) met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Left testicular hypotrophy (LTH), defined as a >20% difference between left and right testicular volume at baseline, was observed in 26 (22.8%) men. Participants with LTH (mean±s.d.: 14.5 ± 2.7 ml) had lower baseline testicular volume compared to those without LTH (mean±s.d.: 15.7 ± 3.8 ml;P= 0.032). Repeated measures mixed models showed a sign ifica nt in teraction betwee n LTH and time posttreatme nt when correcting for baseli ne left testicular volume (β= 0.114, 95% confidence interval [Cl]: 0.018-0.210, P=0.020), resulting in a catch-up growth of up to 1.37 ml per year (95% Cl: 0.221- 2.516). Age at intervention was also associated with reduced testicular volume (-0.072 ml per year, 95% Cl:-0.135--0.009;P = 0.024). Percutaneous treatment of left varicocele in young adults with LTH can result in catch-up growth over 1 year of follow-up. The reproductive and psychological implicati ons of these findings n eed to be confirmed in Ion ger and larger prospective studies.展开更多
以改良型百慕大草、普通狗牙根、香根草、百喜草4种禾草和经循环回灌处理后的渗滤液为实验材料,进行了不同体积浓度渗滤液在模拟垃圾填埋场植被覆盖层灌溉处理的实验研究.结果表明,经一个生长季12 mm d-1的渗滤液灌溉胁迫,改良型百慕大...以改良型百慕大草、普通狗牙根、香根草、百喜草4种禾草和经循环回灌处理后的渗滤液为实验材料,进行了不同体积浓度渗滤液在模拟垃圾填埋场植被覆盖层灌溉处理的实验研究.结果表明,经一个生长季12 mm d-1的渗滤液灌溉胁迫,改良型百慕大、香根草、普通狗牙根皆能生长,而百喜草在高浓度下不能存活.渗滤液15%浓度时,4种禾草生物量最大,随浓度的增大生物量明显下降,生物量和渗滤液体积浓度呈显著负相关;生物量下降率的大小表明了禾草对渗滤液的抗性:百慕大＞香根草＞狗牙根＞百喜草.高浓度渗滤液灌溉会导致禾草活性氧产生和抗氧化系统清除间动态平衡的破坏和膜脂过氧化的加剧,加速了禾草衰老进程;保持抗氧化酶活性的稳定是禾草抗渗滤液胁迫的机制之一.渗滤液灌溉裸土覆盖层处理水量削减率和COD去除率分别为52.5%～57.6%和64.3%～66.1%,植被覆盖层灌溉处理效果优于裸土,水量削减率为61.3%～91.2%,COD去除率66.4%～94.0%.低浓度渗滤液下百慕大、狗牙根水量削减和COD去除效果较好,而高浓度时香根草较好.渗滤液覆盖层灌溉处理的水量削减和COD去除效果表明,填埋场终场覆盖层灌溉处理渗滤液是可行的,改良型百慕大和香根草是适宜的植被材料.展开更多
In this work, the Nb-14Si 24Ti-10Cr-2Al-2Hf-0.1Y alloy （at.%） was processed by the liquid-metal-cooled directional solidification （DS） at 1750 ℃ with withdrawal rates of 1.2, 6, 18 mm/min and post heat treatment ...In this work, the Nb-14Si 24Ti-10Cr-2Al-2Hf-0.1Y alloy （at.%） was processed by the liquid-metal-cooled directional solidification （DS） at 1750 ℃ with withdrawal rates of 1.2, 6, 18 mm/min and post heat treatment （HT） at 1450 ℃ for 10 h. The microstructures of the direction- ally solidified and heat treated samples were investigated. The results show that the microstructure of directionally solidified alloy mainly consists of petaloid Nbss ＋ Nb5Si3 eutectics and Ti-rich Nbss ＋ Nb5Si3 ＋ Cr2Nb eutectics. With the increase of withdrawal rate, the primary NbsSi3 is eliminated, Nbss ＋ Nb5Si3 eutectic cells turn round and connected with the microstructure refine- ment and Nbss ＋ Nb5Si3 ＋ CrzNb eutectics turn to a river-like morphology. After heat treatment, Nbss ＋ Nb5Si3 ＋ Cr2Nb eutectics disappeared and petaloid Nbss ＋ Nb5Si3 eutectics turn to a spe- cific fiber-mesh structure gradually, which is promoted by higher withdrawal rates. Furthermore, both the volume fraction of Cr2Nb and the content of Cr in Nbss of Nbss ＋ Nb5Si3 eutectics change regularly with the increase of withdrawal rate and heat treatment at 1450 ℃ for 10 h.展开更多
目的分析立体定向颅内血肿穿刺引流术与保守治疗幕上中等量(15~40 mL)自发性高血压脑出血的疗效及安全性。方法根据设定的检索策略,检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Cochranelibrary、Embase、Web of scie...目的分析立体定向颅内血肿穿刺引流术与保守治疗幕上中等量(15~40 mL)自发性高血压脑出血的疗效及安全性。方法根据设定的检索策略,检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Cochranelibrary、Embase、Web of science数据库,利用RevMan5.4软件对纳入的研究按照不同观察指标[平均住院时间、平均住院费用、血肿清除率、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、术后并发症、预后评分、病死率]进行Meta分析。结果收集符合标准的12篇文献,共1264例高血压脑出血病例,其中进行立体定向手术(立体定向组)681例,保守治疗(保守治疗组)583例。两组患者在手术后消化道出血发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(OR=1.19,95%CI:0.36~3.89,P>0.05)。与保守治疗组比较,立体定向组在平均住院时间和住院费用、血肿清除率、术后NIHSS评分、术后并发症、预后评分、病死率方面更有优势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论立体定向颅内血肿穿刺引流术是治疗中等量高血压性脑出血的一种微创手术方法,较保守治疗效果确切,并发症发生率更低,利于临床开展,更能使患者获益。展开更多
基金supported by a grant from Shanghai Pudong New Area(PWZxkq2011-01)
文摘BACKGROUND:The present study aimed to explore the relationship between surgical methods,hemorrhage position,hemorrhage volume,surgical timing and treatment outcome of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(HICH).METHODS:A total of 1 310 patients,who had been admitted to six hospitals from January 2004 to January 2008,were divided into six groups according to different surgical methods:craniotomy through bone fl ap(group A),craniotomy through a small bone window(group B),stereotactic drilling drainage(group C1 and group C2),neuron-endoscopy operation(group D) and external ventricular drainage(group E) in consideration of hemorrhage position,hemorrhage volume and clinical practice. A retrospective analysis was made of surgical timing and curative effect of the surgical methods.RESULTS:The effectiveness rate of the methods was 74.12% for 1 310 patients after onemonth follow-up. In this series,the disability rate was 44.82% 3–6 months after the operation. Among the 1 310 patients,241(18.40%) patients died after the operation. If hematoma volume was >80 mL and the operation was performed within 3 hours,the mortality rate of group A was signifi cantly lower than that of groups B,C,D,and E(P<0.05). If hematoma volume was 50–80 mL and the operation was performed within 6–12 hours,the mortality rate of groups B and D was lower than that of groups A,C and E(P<0.05). If hematoma volume was 20–50 mL and the operation was performed within 6–24 hours,the mortality rate of group C was lower than that of groups A,B and D(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Craniotomy through a bone f lap is suitable for patients with a large hematoma and hernia of the brain. Stereotactic drilling drainage is suggested for patients with hematoma volume less than 80 mL. The curative effect of HICH individualized treatment would be improved via the suitable selection of operation time and surgical method according to the position and volume of hemorrhage.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50678139)
文摘Suitable methods for enhancing the volume stability of steel slag utilized as fine aggregate were determined. The effects of steam treatment at 100 ℃ and autoclave treatment under 2.0 MPa on the soundness of steel slag sand were investigated by means of powder ratio, linear expansion, compressive and flexural strength. DTA, EDX, XRD and ethylene glycol methods were employed to analyze both the treated slags and susceptible expansion grains. Experimental results indicate that powder ratio, content of free lime and rate of linear expansion can express the improvement in volume stability of different treated methods. Steam treatment process cannot ultimately prevent specimens from cracking and decrease of strength, but mortar made from autoclave treated slag keeps integration subjected to hot water of 80℃ until 28 d and its strength do not show significant decrement. The hydration of over-burn free lime and periclase phase are the main cause for the disintegration or crack of untreated and steam treated steel slag＇s specimens. Autoclave treatment process is more effective than steam treatment process on enhancement of volume stability of steel slag.
文摘Varicocele is a comm on fin ding in men. Varicocele correcti on has bee n advocated for young patients with testicular hypotrophy, but there is a lack of morphofunctional follow-up data. We assessed whether percutaneous treatment of left varicocele is associated with testicular "catch-up growth" in the following 12 months by retrospectively reviewing data from an electronic database of 10 656 patients followed up in our clinic between 2006 and 2016. We selected all young adults (<35 years) with left varicocele who un derwe nt percuta neous treatment, had a minimum of 12 mon ths' ultraso und imagi ng follow-up, and had no other con ditions affecting testicular volume. One hundred and fourteen men (mean±standard deviation [s.d.] of age: 22.8 ± 5.4 years) met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Left testicular hypotrophy (LTH), defined as a >20% difference between left and right testicular volume at baseline, was observed in 26 (22.8%) men. Participants with LTH (mean±s.d.: 14.5 ± 2.7 ml) had lower baseline testicular volume compared to those without LTH (mean±s.d.: 15.7 ± 3.8 ml;P= 0.032). Repeated measures mixed models showed a sign ifica nt in teraction betwee n LTH and time posttreatme nt when correcting for baseli ne left testicular volume (β= 0.114, 95% confidence interval [Cl]: 0.018-0.210, P=0.020), resulting in a catch-up growth of up to 1.37 ml per year (95% Cl: 0.221- 2.516). Age at intervention was also associated with reduced testicular volume (-0.072 ml per year, 95% Cl:-0.135--0.009;P = 0.024). Percutaneous treatment of left varicocele in young adults with LTH can result in catch-up growth over 1 year of follow-up. The reproductive and psychological implicati ons of these findings n eed to be confirmed in Ion ger and larger prospective studies.
文摘以改良型百慕大草、普通狗牙根、香根草、百喜草4种禾草和经循环回灌处理后的渗滤液为实验材料,进行了不同体积浓度渗滤液在模拟垃圾填埋场植被覆盖层灌溉处理的实验研究.结果表明,经一个生长季12 mm d-1的渗滤液灌溉胁迫,改良型百慕大、香根草、普通狗牙根皆能生长,而百喜草在高浓度下不能存活.渗滤液15%浓度时,4种禾草生物量最大,随浓度的增大生物量明显下降,生物量和渗滤液体积浓度呈显著负相关;生物量下降率的大小表明了禾草对渗滤液的抗性:百慕大＞香根草＞狗牙根＞百喜草.高浓度渗滤液灌溉会导致禾草活性氧产生和抗氧化系统清除间动态平衡的破坏和膜脂过氧化的加剧,加速了禾草衰老进程;保持抗氧化酶活性的稳定是禾草抗渗滤液胁迫的机制之一.渗滤液灌溉裸土覆盖层处理水量削减率和COD去除率分别为52.5%～57.6%和64.3%～66.1%,植被覆盖层灌溉处理效果优于裸土,水量削减率为61.3%～91.2%,COD去除率66.4%～94.0%.低浓度渗滤液下百慕大、狗牙根水量削减和COD去除效果较好,而高浓度时香根草较好.渗滤液覆盖层灌溉处理的水量削减和COD去除效果表明,填埋场终场覆盖层灌溉处理渗滤液是可行的,改良型百慕大和香根草是适宜的植被材料.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51101005)
文摘In this work, the Nb-14Si 24Ti-10Cr-2Al-2Hf-0.1Y alloy （at.%） was processed by the liquid-metal-cooled directional solidification （DS） at 1750 ℃ with withdrawal rates of 1.2, 6, 18 mm/min and post heat treatment （HT） at 1450 ℃ for 10 h. The microstructures of the direction- ally solidified and heat treated samples were investigated. The results show that the microstructure of directionally solidified alloy mainly consists of petaloid Nbss ＋ Nb5Si3 eutectics and Ti-rich Nbss ＋ Nb5Si3 ＋ Cr2Nb eutectics. With the increase of withdrawal rate, the primary NbsSi3 is eliminated, Nbss ＋ Nb5Si3 eutectic cells turn round and connected with the microstructure refine- ment and Nbss ＋ Nb5Si3 ＋ CrzNb eutectics turn to a river-like morphology. After heat treatment, Nbss ＋ Nb5Si3 ＋ Cr2Nb eutectics disappeared and petaloid Nbss ＋ Nb5Si3 eutectics turn to a spe- cific fiber-mesh structure gradually, which is promoted by higher withdrawal rates. Furthermore, both the volume fraction of Cr2Nb and the content of Cr in Nbss of Nbss ＋ Nb5Si3 eutectics change regularly with the increase of withdrawal rate and heat treatment at 1450 ℃ for 10 h.
文摘目的分析立体定向颅内血肿穿刺引流术与保守治疗幕上中等量(15~40 mL)自发性高血压脑出血的疗效及安全性。方法根据设定的检索策略,检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Cochranelibrary、Embase、Web of science数据库,利用RevMan5.4软件对纳入的研究按照不同观察指标[平均住院时间、平均住院费用、血肿清除率、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、术后并发症、预后评分、病死率]进行Meta分析。结果收集符合标准的12篇文献,共1264例高血压脑出血病例,其中进行立体定向手术(立体定向组)681例,保守治疗(保守治疗组)583例。两组患者在手术后消化道出血发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(OR=1.19,95%CI:0.36~3.89,P>0.05)。与保守治疗组比较,立体定向组在平均住院时间和住院费用、血肿清除率、术后NIHSS评分、术后并发症、预后评分、病死率方面更有优势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论立体定向颅内血肿穿刺引流术是治疗中等量高血压性脑出血的一种微创手术方法,较保守治疗效果确切,并发症发生率更低,利于临床开展,更能使患者获益。
