在用高压脉冲电场(pulsed electric field,PEF)技术处理食品的过程中,脉冲电流通过电极-液体表面,引起电化学反应,导致电极腐蚀,从而影响到食品安全和设备运行。利用加速腐蚀实验研究了高压脉冲电场作用下的电极腐蚀规律,重点考察了不...在用高压脉冲电场(pulsed electric field,PEF)技术处理食品的过程中,脉冲电流通过电极-液体表面,引起电化学反应,导致电极腐蚀,从而影响到食品安全和设备运行。利用加速腐蚀实验研究了高压脉冲电场作用下的电极腐蚀规律,重点考察了不同电压幅值、脉宽和溶液电导率对电极腐蚀的影响;测试了溶液中电极材料钛离子质量浓度,以定量表征电极腐蚀程度;得到了腐蚀速度随时间的变化关系曲线。结果表明:PEF作用下电极腐蚀特性可以用传统电路模型来解释;随着电场强度由16.7 kV/cm逐步升至41.7 kV/cm、脉宽由5μs逐步升至20μs,溶液电导率由1μS/cm逐步升至600μS/cm,腐蚀会逐渐加剧,钛离子质量浓度分别由0.466μg/L至2.085μg/L、由0.4μg/L至4.855μg/L和由0.8μg/L至43.4μg/L依次上升;腐蚀由电极表面边缘倒角部分开始逐步向中心区域发展;腐蚀后电极在空气中放置氧化一段时间可使加电时腐蚀速度减慢。最后通过研究电极腐蚀规律提出了抑制或者减少腐蚀的措施。展开更多
In order to improve the lifespan of spot-welding electrodes used for welding zinc coated steel sheets, titanium diboride was deposited onto their surface after precoating nickel as an intermediate layer. The microstru...In order to improve the lifespan of spot-welding electrodes used for welding zinc coated steel sheets, titanium diboride was deposited onto their surface after precoating nickel as an intermediate layer. The microstructures and phase compositions of TiB2 and Ni coatings were characterized by SEM and XRD. The coating hardness was measured using a microhardness tester. The results indicate that a satisfactory TiB2 coating is obtained as a result of the intermediate nickel layer acting as a good binder between the TiB2 coating and the copper alloy substrate. Owing to its capacity of deforming, the precoated nickel layer is dense and crack free, while cracks and pores are observed in the TiB2 coating. The hardness of the TiB2/Ni coating decreases with the increase of voltage and capacitance because of the diffusion of copper and nickel and the oxidation of the coating materials. Because of the good thermal and electrical conductivities and high hardness properties of TiB2, the deformation of the electrode with TiB2/Ni coating is reduced and its spot-welding life is by far prolonged than that of the uncoated one.展开更多
文摘在用高压脉冲电场(pulsed electric field,PEF)技术处理食品的过程中,脉冲电流通过电极-液体表面,引起电化学反应,导致电极腐蚀,从而影响到食品安全和设备运行。利用加速腐蚀实验研究了高压脉冲电场作用下的电极腐蚀规律,重点考察了不同电压幅值、脉宽和溶液电导率对电极腐蚀的影响;测试了溶液中电极材料钛离子质量浓度,以定量表征电极腐蚀程度;得到了腐蚀速度随时间的变化关系曲线。结果表明:PEF作用下电极腐蚀特性可以用传统电路模型来解释;随着电场强度由16.7 kV/cm逐步升至41.7 kV/cm、脉宽由5μs逐步升至20μs,溶液电导率由1μS/cm逐步升至600μS/cm,腐蚀会逐渐加剧,钛离子质量浓度分别由0.466μg/L至2.085μg/L、由0.4μg/L至4.855μg/L和由0.8μg/L至43.4μg/L依次上升;腐蚀由电极表面边缘倒角部分开始逐步向中心区域发展;腐蚀后电极在空气中放置氧化一段时间可使加电时腐蚀速度减慢。最后通过研究电极腐蚀规律提出了抑制或者减少腐蚀的措施。
基金Project (50575069) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘In order to improve the lifespan of spot-welding electrodes used for welding zinc coated steel sheets, titanium diboride was deposited onto their surface after precoating nickel as an intermediate layer. The microstructures and phase compositions of TiB2 and Ni coatings were characterized by SEM and XRD. The coating hardness was measured using a microhardness tester. The results indicate that a satisfactory TiB2 coating is obtained as a result of the intermediate nickel layer acting as a good binder between the TiB2 coating and the copper alloy substrate. Owing to its capacity of deforming, the precoated nickel layer is dense and crack free, while cracks and pores are observed in the TiB2 coating. The hardness of the TiB2/Ni coating decreases with the increase of voltage and capacitance because of the diffusion of copper and nickel and the oxidation of the coating materials. Because of the good thermal and electrical conductivities and high hardness properties of TiB2, the deformation of the electrode with TiB2/Ni coating is reduced and its spot-welding life is by far prolonged than that of the uncoated one.
