BACKGROUND:The present study aimed to explore the relationship between surgical methods,hemorrhage position,hemorrhage volume,surgical timing and treatment outcome of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(HICH).METHOD...BACKGROUND:The present study aimed to explore the relationship between surgical methods,hemorrhage position,hemorrhage volume,surgical timing and treatment outcome of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(HICH).METHODS:A total of 1 310 patients,who had been admitted to six hospitals from January 2004 to January 2008,were divided into six groups according to different surgical methods:craniotomy through bone fl ap(group A),craniotomy through a small bone window(group B),stereotactic drilling drainage(group C1 and group C2),neuron-endoscopy operation(group D) and external ventricular drainage(group E) in consideration of hemorrhage position,hemorrhage volume and clinical practice. A retrospective analysis was made of surgical timing and curative effect of the surgical methods.RESULTS:The effectiveness rate of the methods was 74.12% for 1 310 patients after onemonth follow-up. In this series,the disability rate was 44.82% 3–6 months after the operation. Among the 1 310 patients,241(18.40%) patients died after the operation. If hematoma volume was >80 mL and the operation was performed within 3 hours,the mortality rate of group A was signifi cantly lower than that of groups B,C,D,and E(P<0.05). If hematoma volume was 50–80 mL and the operation was performed within 6–12 hours,the mortality rate of groups B and D was lower than that of groups A,C and E(P<0.05). If hematoma volume was 20–50 mL and the operation was performed within 6–24 hours,the mortality rate of group C was lower than that of groups A,B and D(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Craniotomy through a bone f lap is suitable for patients with a large hematoma and hernia of the brain. Stereotactic drilling drainage is suggested for patients with hematoma volume less than 80 mL. The curative effect of HICH individualized treatment would be improved via the suitable selection of operation time and surgical method according to the position and volume of hemorrhage.展开更多
已有的研究表明,通过对毫秒脉冲星脉冲到达观测者的时刻(time of arrival,TOA)的记录和分析,实现航天器的自主定位是可行的.我们对TOA所含成分作了解析,导出和解释了TOA与观测者质心位置间关系的基本方程,并与其他一些作者的结果进行比...已有的研究表明,通过对毫秒脉冲星脉冲到达观测者的时刻(time of arrival,TOA)的记录和分析,实现航天器的自主定位是可行的.我们对TOA所含成分作了解析,导出和解释了TOA与观测者质心位置间关系的基本方程,并与其他一些作者的结果进行比较和讨论.作者认为,TOA和太阳系质心(SSB)处的脉冲到达时刻无关,和SSB的日心坐标无关,也和SSB处的引力时延无关.因此,不应如Sheikh所做的那样,试图在观测者和SSB之间计算较差到达时刻和较差引力时延.展开更多
针对某型空气辅助缸内直喷发动机,设计了曲轴位置传感器,研制了发动机的电子控制单元(electronic control unit,ECU).在此基础上,着重研究了空气辅助缸内直喷发动机的正时控制策略,包括软件正时、空气辅助喷油正时和点火正时.为了实现...针对某型空气辅助缸内直喷发动机,设计了曲轴位置传感器,研制了发动机的电子控制单元(electronic control unit,ECU).在此基础上,着重研究了空气辅助缸内直喷发动机的正时控制策略,包括软件正时、空气辅助喷油正时和点火正时.为了实现发动机正时的精确控制,提出了"数齿延时"控制方法.仿真试验和台架试验表明:基于自开发电子控制单元的空气辅助缸内直喷发动机正时控制策略准确可行.展开更多
基金supported by a grant from Shanghai Pudong New Area(PWZxkq2011-01)
文摘BACKGROUND:The present study aimed to explore the relationship between surgical methods,hemorrhage position,hemorrhage volume,surgical timing and treatment outcome of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(HICH).METHODS:A total of 1 310 patients,who had been admitted to six hospitals from January 2004 to January 2008,were divided into six groups according to different surgical methods:craniotomy through bone fl ap(group A),craniotomy through a small bone window(group B),stereotactic drilling drainage(group C1 and group C2),neuron-endoscopy operation(group D) and external ventricular drainage(group E) in consideration of hemorrhage position,hemorrhage volume and clinical practice. A retrospective analysis was made of surgical timing and curative effect of the surgical methods.RESULTS:The effectiveness rate of the methods was 74.12% for 1 310 patients after onemonth follow-up. In this series,the disability rate was 44.82% 3–6 months after the operation. Among the 1 310 patients,241(18.40%) patients died after the operation. If hematoma volume was >80 mL and the operation was performed within 3 hours,the mortality rate of group A was signifi cantly lower than that of groups B,C,D,and E(P<0.05). If hematoma volume was 50–80 mL and the operation was performed within 6–12 hours,the mortality rate of groups B and D was lower than that of groups A,C and E(P<0.05). If hematoma volume was 20–50 mL and the operation was performed within 6–24 hours,the mortality rate of group C was lower than that of groups A,B and D(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Craniotomy through a bone f lap is suitable for patients with a large hematoma and hernia of the brain. Stereotactic drilling drainage is suggested for patients with hematoma volume less than 80 mL. The curative effect of HICH individualized treatment would be improved via the suitable selection of operation time and surgical method according to the position and volume of hemorrhage.
文摘已有的研究表明,通过对毫秒脉冲星脉冲到达观测者的时刻(time of arrival,TOA)的记录和分析,实现航天器的自主定位是可行的.我们对TOA所含成分作了解析,导出和解释了TOA与观测者质心位置间关系的基本方程,并与其他一些作者的结果进行比较和讨论.作者认为,TOA和太阳系质心(SSB)处的脉冲到达时刻无关,和SSB的日心坐标无关,也和SSB处的引力时延无关.因此,不应如Sheikh所做的那样,试图在观测者和SSB之间计算较差到达时刻和较差引力时延.
文摘针对某型空气辅助缸内直喷发动机,设计了曲轴位置传感器,研制了发动机的电子控制单元(electronic control unit,ECU).在此基础上,着重研究了空气辅助缸内直喷发动机的正时控制策略,包括软件正时、空气辅助喷油正时和点火正时.为了实现发动机正时的精确控制,提出了"数齿延时"控制方法.仿真试验和台架试验表明:基于自开发电子控制单元的空气辅助缸内直喷发动机正时控制策略准确可行.
