Red blood cells(RBCs)are the most abundant human blood cells.RBC aggregation and deformation strongly determine blood viscosity which impacts hemorheology and microcirculation.In turn,RBC properties depend on di®...Red blood cells(RBCs)are the most abundant human blood cells.RBC aggregation and deformation strongly determine blood viscosity which impacts hemorheology and microcirculation.In turn,RBC properties depend on di®erent endogenous and exogenous factors.One such factor is nitric oxide(NO),which is mainly produced by endothelial cells(EC)from L-arginine amino acid in the circulatory system.Since the mechanisms of the RBC-endothelium interplay are not clear up to date and considering its possible clinical importance,the aims of this study are to investigate in vitro:(1)The effect of L-arginine induced NO on RBC aggregation and adhesion to endothelium;(2)the NO e®ect on RBC aggregation and deformation induced by L-arginine and sodium nitroprusside without the presence of endothelium in the samples.The RBC aggregation and adhesion to a monolayer of EC were studied using optical tweezers(OT).The RBC deformability and aggregation without endothelium in the samples were studied using the flow chamber method and Myrenne aggregometer.We confirmed that NO increases deformability and decreases aggregation of RBCs.We showed that the soluble guanylate cyclase pathway appears to be the only NO signaling pathway involved.In the samples with the endothelium,the "bell-shaped"dependence of RBC aggregation force on L-arginine concentration was observed,which improves our knowledge about the process of NO production by endothelium.Additionally,data related to L-arginine accumulation by endothelium were obtained:Necessity of the presence of extracellular L-arginine stated by other authors was put under question.In our study,NO decreased the RBC-endothelium adhesion,however,the tendency appeared to be weak and was not confirmed in another set of experiments.To our knowledge,this is the first attempt to measure the forces of RBC adhesion to endothelium monolayer with OT.展开更多
I unveil the aristocratic ethos regarding religion in imperial China under the reign of the Qing dynasty.Adopting a literary perspective,I deploy a hermeneutic methodology by means of scrutinizing the chef-d'oeuvr...I unveil the aristocratic ethos regarding religion in imperial China under the reign of the Qing dynasty.Adopting a literary perspective,I deploy a hermeneutic methodology by means of scrutinizing the chef-d'oeuvre of a master writer Cao Xueqin,Dream of the Red Chamber,which embroiders trials and tribulations of an enormous aristocratic clan that embodies every stratum of Qing society,especially the upper strata.Through critically analyzing the novel translated by David Hawkes,I investigate the comprehensive permeation of religious ideology within the moneyed family from the aspects of credos,practices and language.I explore theodiversity and polytheism epotimised by harmonious contemporaneous of(sub-)religions,and propound that such phenomena are owing to lack of an overwhelmingly predominant religion,which can be accounted for by external and internal factors-the former pertains to centralization of authority in feudal China and orthodox Confucian thinking that promulgates atheism and agnosticism as well as ancestor and Heaven worship,while the latter entails the liberalism,i.e.non-sanctimoniousness and non-expansionism of indigenous and Sinicised religions.I also propose the overarching rationale accounting for the contemporaneous of religious theologies among the aristocracy,viz.,the practicality and pragmatism of the Chinese nation.展开更多
Nobody would expect an American audience to understand a dance performance that tries to interpret one of China’s most revered, classic and complicated works of literature. They might, however, have been amazed at th...Nobody would expect an American audience to understand a dance performance that tries to interpret one of China’s most revered, classic and complicated works of literature. They might, however, have been amazed at the enthusiastic response of the crowd at the Rose Theater at New York City’s Lincoln展开更多
The term of“Classical Realism”was derivate from the dominate discourse of realism and used for studies of Chinese ancient vernacular novels ever since 1950s.Wu Zuxiang took this term and organized his analysis of Dr...The term of“Classical Realism”was derivate from the dominate discourse of realism and used for studies of Chinese ancient vernacular novels ever since 1950s.Wu Zuxiang took this term and organized his analysis of Dream of the Red Chamber with the Marxist literary theories.Wu's adoption of realism principle might be defended as a strategic cover for that the discussion of literary skills would be labeled as bourgeois in that period.This paper attempts to argue that the framework of Marxist literary criticism had indicated the transformation of scientific method of literature analysis.And Wu's remark of Dream of the Red Chamber as the“great work of Classical Realism”is rather a conclusion from his consistent reflection on new literature after May Fourth,rather than the influence of ideological construction.展开更多
This paper combines quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze the translation characteristics of idioms in B.S.Bonsall’s full English translation of The Red Chamber Dream,starting from George Steiner’s fourfol...This paper combines quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze the translation characteristics of idioms in B.S.Bonsall’s full English translation of The Red Chamber Dream,starting from George Steiner’s fourfold hermeneutic motion:trust,aggression,incorporation,and restitution.Through data statistics and conclusion analysis,I concluded that the translation strategies of idioms in Bonsall’s English translation are mainly literal translations,supplemented by free translations,and literal translations combined with free translations,which also provides some enlightenment for the English translation of Chinese classics.展开更多
基金supported by the Russian Science Foundation Grant No.22-15-00120.
文摘Red blood cells(RBCs)are the most abundant human blood cells.RBC aggregation and deformation strongly determine blood viscosity which impacts hemorheology and microcirculation.In turn,RBC properties depend on di®erent endogenous and exogenous factors.One such factor is nitric oxide(NO),which is mainly produced by endothelial cells(EC)from L-arginine amino acid in the circulatory system.Since the mechanisms of the RBC-endothelium interplay are not clear up to date and considering its possible clinical importance,the aims of this study are to investigate in vitro:(1)The effect of L-arginine induced NO on RBC aggregation and adhesion to endothelium;(2)the NO e®ect on RBC aggregation and deformation induced by L-arginine and sodium nitroprusside without the presence of endothelium in the samples.The RBC aggregation and adhesion to a monolayer of EC were studied using optical tweezers(OT).The RBC deformability and aggregation without endothelium in the samples were studied using the flow chamber method and Myrenne aggregometer.We confirmed that NO increases deformability and decreases aggregation of RBCs.We showed that the soluble guanylate cyclase pathway appears to be the only NO signaling pathway involved.In the samples with the endothelium,the "bell-shaped"dependence of RBC aggregation force on L-arginine concentration was observed,which improves our knowledge about the process of NO production by endothelium.Additionally,data related to L-arginine accumulation by endothelium were obtained:Necessity of the presence of extracellular L-arginine stated by other authors was put under question.In our study,NO decreased the RBC-endothelium adhesion,however,the tendency appeared to be weak and was not confirmed in another set of experiments.To our knowledge,this is the first attempt to measure the forces of RBC adhesion to endothelium monolayer with OT.
文摘I unveil the aristocratic ethos regarding religion in imperial China under the reign of the Qing dynasty.Adopting a literary perspective,I deploy a hermeneutic methodology by means of scrutinizing the chef-d'oeuvre of a master writer Cao Xueqin,Dream of the Red Chamber,which embroiders trials and tribulations of an enormous aristocratic clan that embodies every stratum of Qing society,especially the upper strata.Through critically analyzing the novel translated by David Hawkes,I investigate the comprehensive permeation of religious ideology within the moneyed family from the aspects of credos,practices and language.I explore theodiversity and polytheism epotimised by harmonious contemporaneous of(sub-)religions,and propound that such phenomena are owing to lack of an overwhelmingly predominant religion,which can be accounted for by external and internal factors-the former pertains to centralization of authority in feudal China and orthodox Confucian thinking that promulgates atheism and agnosticism as well as ancestor and Heaven worship,while the latter entails the liberalism,i.e.non-sanctimoniousness and non-expansionism of indigenous and Sinicised religions.I also propose the overarching rationale accounting for the contemporaneous of religious theologies among the aristocracy,viz.,the practicality and pragmatism of the Chinese nation.
文摘Nobody would expect an American audience to understand a dance performance that tries to interpret one of China’s most revered, classic and complicated works of literature. They might, however, have been amazed at the enthusiastic response of the crowd at the Rose Theater at New York City’s Lincoln
文摘The term of“Classical Realism”was derivate from the dominate discourse of realism and used for studies of Chinese ancient vernacular novels ever since 1950s.Wu Zuxiang took this term and organized his analysis of Dream of the Red Chamber with the Marxist literary theories.Wu's adoption of realism principle might be defended as a strategic cover for that the discussion of literary skills would be labeled as bourgeois in that period.This paper attempts to argue that the framework of Marxist literary criticism had indicated the transformation of scientific method of literature analysis.And Wu's remark of Dream of the Red Chamber as the“great work of Classical Realism”is rather a conclusion from his consistent reflection on new literature after May Fourth,rather than the influence of ideological construction.
文摘This paper combines quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze the translation characteristics of idioms in B.S.Bonsall’s full English translation of The Red Chamber Dream,starting from George Steiner’s fourfold hermeneutic motion:trust,aggression,incorporation,and restitution.Through data statistics and conclusion analysis,I concluded that the translation strategies of idioms in Bonsall’s English translation are mainly literal translations,supplemented by free translations,and literal translations combined with free translations,which also provides some enlightenment for the English translation of Chinese classics.
