By using the high-resolution GAME reanalysis data, the heat and moisture budgets during the period of HUBEX/GAME in the summer of 1998 are calculated for exploring the thermodynamic features of Meiyu over the Changjia...By using the high-resolution GAME reanalysis data, the heat and moisture budgets during the period of HUBEX/GAME in the summer of 1998 are calculated for exploring the thermodynamic features of Meiyu over the Changjiang-Huaihe (CH) valley. During the CH Meiyu period, an intensive vertically-integrated heat source and moisture sink are predominant over the heavy rainfall area of the CH valley, accompanied by strong upward motion at 500 hPa. The heat and moisture budgets show that the main diabatic heating component is condensation latent heat released by rainfall. As residual terms, the evaporation and sensible heating are relatively small. Based on the vertical distribution of the heat source and moisture sink, the nature of the rainfall is mixed, in which the convective rainfall is dominant with a considerable percentage of continuous stratiform rainfall. There are similar time evolutions of the main physical parameters (〈Q <SUB>1</SUB>〉, 〈Q <SUB>2</SUB>〉, and vertical motion ω at 500 hPa). The time variations of 〈Q <SUB>1</SUB>〉 and 〈Q <SUB>2</SUB>〉 are in phase with those of −ω <SUB>500</SUB>, and have their main peaks within the CH Meiyu period. This shows the influence of the heat source on the dynamic structure of the atmosphere. The wavelet analyses of those time series display similar multiple timescale characteristics. During the CH Meiyu period, both the synoptic scale(∼6 days) and mesoscale (∼2 days and ∼12 hours) increase obviously and cause heavy rainfall as well as the appearances of the maxima of the main physical parameters. Among them, the mesoscale systems are the main factors.展开更多
利用NCEP/NCAR多年逐日再分析资料、美国环境预报中心CMAP(NOAA NCEP Climate Prediction Center Merged Analysis of Precipitation)候平均降雨量资料以及全国740站逐日降水资料,对华南前汛期和江淮梅雨期大范围持续性暴雨过程中西太...利用NCEP/NCAR多年逐日再分析资料、美国环境预报中心CMAP(NOAA NCEP Climate Prediction Center Merged Analysis of Precipitation)候平均降雨量资料以及全国740站逐日降水资料,对华南前汛期和江淮梅雨期大范围持续性暴雨过程中西太平洋副高短期位置变异的异同及其可能成因进行了分析。结果表明:华南和江淮大范围持续性暴雨期间,西太平洋副高位置均比同期气候平均值异常偏南偏西,且强度偏强。华南暴雨期间,副高西北侧华南地区以及西侧孟加拉湾地区存在异常强烈的视热源和视水汽汇;江淮暴雨期间,副高北侧江淮流域及西侧孟加拉湾地区也存在异常强烈的视热源和视水汽汇。运用全型垂直涡度倾向方程理论,研究非绝热加热对西太平洋副高短期位置变异的影响,结果表明:副高位置的短期变异与非绝热加热场及其配置有密切联系。华南暴雨期间,副高西北侧边缘的华南地区加热场可在短期内迫使副高东撤南退;江淮暴雨期间,副高北侧江淮流域加热场的存在不利于副高北进,而西侧较远处孟加拉湾热源会诱导副高西伸,两者的共同作用导致副高在江淮以南维持,且会明显西伸。展开更多
Based on the theory of Ertel potential vorticity,the isentropic potential vorticity maps and vertical pro- files of potential vorticity for two summer cyclones over the Changjiang-Huaihe Valley are analysed.After disc...Based on the theory of Ertel potential vorticity,the isentropic potential vorticity maps and vertical pro- files of potential vorticity for two summer cyclones over the Changjiang-Huaihe Valley are analysed.After discussing a possible mechanism for the genesis and development of such systems and their differences from typical extratropical cyclones,a conceptual model for their activities is proposed:A weak disturbance in the mid- level of troposphere originated from around the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau may cause heavy precipitation under favourable conditions and latent heat release in the mid-troposphere leads to downward extension of cyclonic circulation and a wave on the quasi-stationary front.This weak cyclone can develop substantially and become a typical extratropical cyclone only when air from the lower stratosphere flows downslope along isentropic sur- faces into the region of interest.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 497914030.
文摘By using the high-resolution GAME reanalysis data, the heat and moisture budgets during the period of HUBEX/GAME in the summer of 1998 are calculated for exploring the thermodynamic features of Meiyu over the Changjiang-Huaihe (CH) valley. During the CH Meiyu period, an intensive vertically-integrated heat source and moisture sink are predominant over the heavy rainfall area of the CH valley, accompanied by strong upward motion at 500 hPa. The heat and moisture budgets show that the main diabatic heating component is condensation latent heat released by rainfall. As residual terms, the evaporation and sensible heating are relatively small. Based on the vertical distribution of the heat source and moisture sink, the nature of the rainfall is mixed, in which the convective rainfall is dominant with a considerable percentage of continuous stratiform rainfall. There are similar time evolutions of the main physical parameters (〈Q <SUB>1</SUB>〉, 〈Q <SUB>2</SUB>〉, and vertical motion ω at 500 hPa). The time variations of 〈Q <SUB>1</SUB>〉 and 〈Q <SUB>2</SUB>〉 are in phase with those of −ω <SUB>500</SUB>, and have their main peaks within the CH Meiyu period. This shows the influence of the heat source on the dynamic structure of the atmosphere. The wavelet analyses of those time series display similar multiple timescale characteristics. During the CH Meiyu period, both the synoptic scale(∼6 days) and mesoscale (∼2 days and ∼12 hours) increase obviously and cause heavy rainfall as well as the appearances of the maxima of the main physical parameters. Among them, the mesoscale systems are the main factors.
文摘利用NCEP/NCAR多年逐日再分析资料、美国环境预报中心CMAP(NOAA NCEP Climate Prediction Center Merged Analysis of Precipitation)候平均降雨量资料以及全国740站逐日降水资料,对华南前汛期和江淮梅雨期大范围持续性暴雨过程中西太平洋副高短期位置变异的异同及其可能成因进行了分析。结果表明:华南和江淮大范围持续性暴雨期间,西太平洋副高位置均比同期气候平均值异常偏南偏西,且强度偏强。华南暴雨期间,副高西北侧华南地区以及西侧孟加拉湾地区存在异常强烈的视热源和视水汽汇;江淮暴雨期间,副高北侧江淮流域及西侧孟加拉湾地区也存在异常强烈的视热源和视水汽汇。运用全型垂直涡度倾向方程理论,研究非绝热加热对西太平洋副高短期位置变异的影响,结果表明:副高位置的短期变异与非绝热加热场及其配置有密切联系。华南暴雨期间,副高西北侧边缘的华南地区加热场可在短期内迫使副高东撤南退;江淮暴雨期间,副高北侧江淮流域加热场的存在不利于副高北进,而西侧较远处孟加拉湾热源会诱导副高西伸,两者的共同作用导致副高在江淮以南维持,且会明显西伸。
基金This study is supported partially by National Natural Science Foundation of Chinapartially by the State Meteorological Administration Monsoon Research Funds.
文摘Based on the theory of Ertel potential vorticity,the isentropic potential vorticity maps and vertical pro- files of potential vorticity for two summer cyclones over the Changjiang-Huaihe Valley are analysed.After discussing a possible mechanism for the genesis and development of such systems and their differences from typical extratropical cyclones,a conceptual model for their activities is proposed:A weak disturbance in the mid- level of troposphere originated from around the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau may cause heavy precipitation under favourable conditions and latent heat release in the mid-troposphere leads to downward extension of cyclonic circulation and a wave on the quasi-stationary front.This weak cyclone can develop substantially and become a typical extratropical cyclone only when air from the lower stratosphere flows downslope along isentropic sur- faces into the region of interest.
