A morphologically structured model is proposed to describe the batch fermentation of lovastatin according to the growth kinetics of filamentous microorganisms. Three kinds of hyphae are considered in the model: active...A morphologically structured model is proposed to describe the batch fermentation of lovastatin according to the growth kinetics of filamentous microorganisms. Three kinds of hyphae are considered in the model: actively growing hyphae, non-growing hyphae and deactivated hyphae. Furthermore, actively growing hyphae consist of three morphological compartments: apical compartment which gives rise to hyphal tip extension; subapical compartment which is related to hyphal branching; and hyphal compartment which is only responsible for secondary metabolite formation. The kinetics of mycelial growth mechanism is summarized and applied in modeling lovastatin fermentation. A Michaelis-Menten kinetic model with substrate inhibition is proposed for product formation. As expected, the model simulations fit well with experimental data obtained either from a laboratory scale 10L fer-menter or from a pilot-plant scale fermenter.展开更多
目的从1株南沙群岛柳珊瑚来源真菌Aspergillus terreus(NS02-09)中分离鉴定海洋天然产物,对所得化合物进行结核分枝杆菌酪氨酸磷酸激酶(mPTPB)抑制活性评价。方法运用多种色谱手段分离纯化化合物,利用NMR、CD等现代波谱分析方法,对化合...目的从1株南沙群岛柳珊瑚来源真菌Aspergillus terreus(NS02-09)中分离鉴定海洋天然产物,对所得化合物进行结核分枝杆菌酪氨酸磷酸激酶(mPTPB)抑制活性评价。方法运用多种色谱手段分离纯化化合物,利用NMR、CD等现代波谱分析方法,对化合物进行结构鉴定,通过衍生物制备获得2个乙酰化衍生物(2a和2b);并对化合物2及其衍生物2a和2b进行mPTPB酶抑制活性测试。结果鉴定了1个土曲霉酮(1)和1个丁烯酸内酯(2)的结构;2具有较强的mPTPB酶抑制活性,而其乙酰化产物(2a和2b)的mPTPB酶抑制活性显著降低。运用Sybyl X 1.3软件,对2与mPTPB酶的模拟对接计算发现,丁烯酸内酯环及环上的羟基是化合物2发挥酶抑制活性的重要作用基团。结论从柳珊瑚来源真菌A.terreus(NS02-09)中发现了具有mPTPB酶抑制活性的丁烯酸内酯类化合物,并对其作用机制进行了计算研究,该类化合物的相关研究对抗结核药物先导化合物发现具有借鉴作用。展开更多
[Objectives]To analyze the gene structure of the protein that predicts 6-hydroxymellein synthase of Aspergillus terreus and predict the characteristics and functions of the protein structure encoded by the gene.[Metho...[Objectives]To analyze the gene structure of the protein that predicts 6-hydroxymellein synthase of Aspergillus terreus and predict the characteristics and functions of the protein structure encoded by the gene.[Methods]Various information analysis tools in NCBI,CBS and ExPASy websites were adopted.[Results]The QODIPO gene had a full length of 2954 bp,with 952 amino acids in the coding area,and QODIPO had the highest homology with the hypothetical protein ATETN484_0003008800.The molecular weight of QOD1PO protein was 105040.56,the theoretical isoelectric point(pl)was 5.69 and the grand average of hydropathieity was-0.242.It was speculated that QODIPO was an unstable and non-secretory hydrophilic protein located in cytoplasm without transmembrane domain or signal peptide.It could be predicted that the secondary structure of QODIPO encoding protein consisted mainly of random coil,α-helix and a PKS-DH anhydrase domain.[Conclusions]The results will lay a theoretical foundation for cloning and expression of 6-hydroxymellein synthase and further understanding of its activity and function.展开更多
Two new isomeric modified tripeptides,aspergillamides C and D(compounds 1 and 2),together with fifteen known compounds(compounds 3-17),were obtained from the marine sponge-derived fungus Aspergillus terreus SCSIO 4100...Two new isomeric modified tripeptides,aspergillamides C and D(compounds 1 and 2),together with fifteen known compounds(compounds 3-17),were obtained from the marine sponge-derived fungus Aspergillus terreus SCSIO 41008.The structures of the new compounds,including absolute configurations,were determined by extensive analyses of spectroscopic data(NMR,MS,UV,and IR)and comparisons between the calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism(ECD)spectra.Butyrolactone I(compound 11)exhibited strong inhibitory effects against Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein tyrosine phosphatase B(MptpB)with the IC_(50) being 5.11±0.53μmol·L^(–1),and acted as a noncompetitive inhibitor based on kinetic analysis.展开更多
The present study was designed to isolate and purify chemical constituents from solid culture of endophyte Aspergillus terreus LQ, using silica gel column chromatography, gel filtration with Sephadex LH-20, and HPLC. ...The present study was designed to isolate and purify chemical constituents from solid culture of endophyte Aspergillus terreus LQ, using silica gel column chromatography, gel filtration with Sephadex LH-20, and HPLC. Fumigaclavine I(1), a new alkaloid, was obtained, along with seven known compounds, including fumigaclavine C(2), rhizoctonic acid(3), monomethylsulochrin(4), chaetominine(5), spirotryprostatin A(6), asperfumoid(7), and lumichrome(8). The structure of compound 1 was elucidated by various spectroscopic analyses(UV, MS, 1D and 2D NMR). The in vitro cytotoxicity of compound 1 was determined by MTT assay in human hepatocarcinoma cell line SMMC-7721, showing weaker cytotoxicity, compared with cisplatin, a clinically used cancer chemotherapeutic agent.展开更多
从蓝花黄芩内生真菌土曲霉(Aspergillusterreus)HQ100X-1发酵产物中分离得到2个新化合物[terrustone(1)和asperteretone G (2)], 10个已知化合物(3~12), terrustone (1)为具有4个连续手性中心的三羟基环戊酮类化合物,它们的结构以及绝...从蓝花黄芩内生真菌土曲霉(Aspergillusterreus)HQ100X-1发酵产物中分离得到2个新化合物[terrustone(1)和asperteretone G (2)], 10个已知化合物(3~12), terrustone (1)为具有4个连续手性中心的三羟基环戊酮类化合物,它们的结构以及绝对构型是通过1D/2D NMR结合电子圆二色谱(ECD)计算来确定.抗菌实验表明,化合物rbrolide R (4)对金黄色葡萄球菌有一定的抑菌活性,其最低抑菌浓度(MIC)值为2.5μg/mL.展开更多
The title compound, neogeodin hydrate （C17H14C1208, CAS： 94540-50-8）, was derived from marine fungus Aspergilhts terreus CRIM301. It was unequivocally characterized by IR, NMR spectroscopies, and single-crystal X-r...The title compound, neogeodin hydrate （C17H14C1208, CAS： 94540-50-8）, was derived from marine fungus Aspergilhts terreus CRIM301. It was unequivocally characterized by IR, NMR spectroscopies, and single-crystal X-ray crystallography and tested for various biological activities. Neogeodin hydrate crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1 with a = 8.1159（5） A, b = 8.2472（4） A, c= 14.1278（7） A, a = 81.448（2）°, β = 84.860（2）°, γ= 70.400（2）°, V = 880.13（8） A3; Z = 2. It comprises a diphenyl ether, asterric acid skeleton and dichloro substituents. The methoxyphenoxy rings of the inversely related molecules form a ribbon-like structure that is stabilized by O-H...O hydrogen bonds through the doubly disordered carboxyl groups and by C-H...O interactions, generating the same R22（8） ring motif. The chlorinated methylbenzoate rings, making mostly a right angle, link the parallel upper and lower ribbons via bifurcated O-H...O and C-H...O hydrogen bonds, yielding endless channels. The channels formed are further sustained by C-H...O and π...π interactions Neogeodin hydrate exhibits inhibition against superoxide anion radical formation in the xanthine/xanthine oxidase （XXO） assay, but has no aromatase inhibitory activity.展开更多
Cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) is one of the most important food plants in West Africa. Its peels are made up of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. This lignocellulolytic biomass can be converted using microbia...Cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) is one of the most important food plants in West Africa. Its peels are made up of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. This lignocellulolytic biomass can be converted using microbial enzymes to fermentable sugars which have wide range of biotechnological relevance in many fermentation processes. The aim of this study is to screen filamentous fungi from decaying cassava peels that are good producers of xylanases and cellulases. Decaying parts of cassava peels were obtained and brought to the laboratory for further work. Fungi were isolated, identified and screened for cellulase and xylanase production. Isolate with highest frequency of occurrence and enzyme production was identified using phenotypic and molecular method. Optimisation of growth conditions for enzymes production was monitored using the DNSA method, also saccharification of cassava peel were carried out using the enzymes obtained from the isolate. Aspergillus terreus KJ829487 was the predominant fungus. It produces cellulases and xylanases optimally at 40°C, pH 6 and 8, utilising carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) or xylose and yeast extracts as its carbon and nitrogen sources respectively. Saccharification of the peels yielded 584 mg/L glucose, 78 mg/L xylose and 66 mg/L rhamnose. Aspergillus terreus KJ829487 obtained from cassava peels have the ability to produce high concentration cellulases and xylanases which effectively hydrolysed the lignocelluloses’ biomass to fermentable sugars.展开更多
Application of the computer image analysis for improving microbial viability assessment by plate count and fluorescence microscopy was investigated. Yeast cells were used as a model microorganism. The application of t...Application of the computer image analysis for improving microbial viability assessment by plate count and fluorescence microscopy was investigated. Yeast cells were used as a model microorganism. The application of the improved methods for the viability assessment of yeast cells after preservation by freezing and freeze-drying was demonstrated.展开更多
Itaconic acid is commercially produced by the cultivation of Aspergillus terreus using starch hydrolysate as carbon source. The degree of hydrolysis had a great influence on itaconic acid production which was suitable...Itaconic acid is commercially produced by the cultivation of Aspergillus terreus using starch hydrolysate as carbon source. The degree of hydrolysis had a great influence on itaconic acid production which was suitable when corn starch was saccharified at 35 DE. The α-amylase was sufficient to drive the starch hydrolysis to the degree. The agar plate assay with LiCl treatment provided a rapid, simple and unequivocal method for screening large numbers of colonies for itaconic acid producing strains. It was learned by experience that the strains on the plates with thick hyphae and light-colored spores often accompanied high itaconic acid production. A strain, designated Ast165, producing itaconic acid with a high yield, was successfully obtained by directional breeding of metabolic end products resistant strains. The itaconic acid concentration produced by Ast165 was 53.8 g/l from 100 g/l of starch hydrolysate in shake flasks. The conversion rate was 61.3%, which was the highest value found in tests.展开更多
This study reports lovastatin production by solid state fermentation using pomegranate seeds as a substrate. Six different fungal strains and several agro-industrial wastes were selected and screened. Various physico-...This study reports lovastatin production by solid state fermentation using pomegranate seeds as a substrate. Six different fungal strains and several agro-industrial wastes were selected and screened. Various physico-chemical parameters were optimized to improve lovastatin. Moreover, chemical mutation was systematically employed to enhance lovastatin yield on selected strains. Productivity of 3 ± 0.06 mg lovastatin/gm dfm was obtained prior to optimization. One factor a time followed by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) gave 4.2 ± 0.10 mg lovastatin/gm dfm yield in an optimized setup with pomegranate seed powder (5 gms), KH2PO4 (0.1% w/v), glucose (5% w/v), moisture (60% w/w), pH 5 in a 15 days fermentation cycle. The production was further increased to 6.5 ± 0.08 mg lovastatin/gm dfm through chemical mutation of the strain. This process is simple and reproducible for the production of lovastatin using pomegranate seed as an agro-industrial waste.展开更多
A new epipolythiodioxopiperazine （ETP）, asperterzine （1）, along with two known analogs, bisdethiobis （methylthio）-acetylaranotin （2） and bisdethiobis（methylthio）-acetylapoaranotin （3）, was isolated from th...A new epipolythiodioxopiperazine （ETP）, asperterzine （1）, along with two known analogs, bisdethiobis （methylthio）-acetylaranotin （2） and bisdethiobis（methylthio）-acetylapoaranotin （3）, was isolated from the plant endophytic fungus Aspergillus terreus PR-P-2. The structure elucidation of 1 was accomplished by a combination of spectral methods and electronic circular dichroism （ECD） spectrum. Asperterzine （1） was a symmetric aromatized ETP found as a natural product for the first time. Compounds 2 and 3 showed strong cytotoxicity against HL-60 cell line. The putative biosynthetic pathway of 1 was also detailed in the text.展开更多
RAPD was used to examine the genetic variability among five isolates of Aspergillus terreus spp.. Two random primers were selected for the RAPD assay PG01–5’ CAGGTGTTGC 3’ and PG02–5’ CTGGACAGAC 3’ (Progen Techn...RAPD was used to examine the genetic variability among five isolates of Aspergillus terreus spp.. Two random primers were selected for the RAPD assay PG01–5’ CAGGTGTTGC 3’ and PG02–5’ CTGGACAGAC 3’ (Progen Technologies). The characterization of Aspergillus terreus species have been mostly applied on the basis of morphology, phenotype and physiology. DNA Polymorphisms are based on differences in DNA sequences and have advantages over protein polymorphisms. But morphological characterization besides molecular tools will remain a basic and powerful key in the identification of Aspergillus terreus species. The objective of the present study was to isolate the fungal contaminants from dried grapes and compare the genomic profile of the Aspergillus terreus speices isolated from the dried grapes, through RAPD analysis. In the present study with primer PG 01 four different discriminations was there among the A. terreus isolates. There was a homology of genotype between the isolates 1 & 3. And with primer PG 02 four different discriminations were there and there was a homology between 1 & 3. The predominant type was type I in primer I & II. The other isolates belonged to 2, 3 and 4. No similarity was detected for isolates 3, 4 and 5 indicating great genomic diversity of A. terreus.展开更多
文摘A morphologically structured model is proposed to describe the batch fermentation of lovastatin according to the growth kinetics of filamentous microorganisms. Three kinds of hyphae are considered in the model: actively growing hyphae, non-growing hyphae and deactivated hyphae. Furthermore, actively growing hyphae consist of three morphological compartments: apical compartment which gives rise to hyphal tip extension; subapical compartment which is related to hyphal branching; and hyphal compartment which is only responsible for secondary metabolite formation. The kinetics of mycelial growth mechanism is summarized and applied in modeling lovastatin fermentation. A Michaelis-Menten kinetic model with substrate inhibition is proposed for product formation. As expected, the model simulations fit well with experimental data obtained either from a laboratory scale 10L fer-menter or from a pilot-plant scale fermenter.
文摘目的从1株南沙群岛柳珊瑚来源真菌Aspergillus terreus(NS02-09)中分离鉴定海洋天然产物,对所得化合物进行结核分枝杆菌酪氨酸磷酸激酶(mPTPB)抑制活性评价。方法运用多种色谱手段分离纯化化合物,利用NMR、CD等现代波谱分析方法,对化合物进行结构鉴定,通过衍生物制备获得2个乙酰化衍生物(2a和2b);并对化合物2及其衍生物2a和2b进行mPTPB酶抑制活性测试。结果鉴定了1个土曲霉酮(1)和1个丁烯酸内酯(2)的结构;2具有较强的mPTPB酶抑制活性,而其乙酰化产物(2a和2b)的mPTPB酶抑制活性显著降低。运用Sybyl X 1.3软件,对2与mPTPB酶的模拟对接计算发现,丁烯酸内酯环及环上的羟基是化合物2发挥酶抑制活性的重要作用基团。结论从柳珊瑚来源真菌A.terreus(NS02-09)中发现了具有mPTPB酶抑制活性的丁烯酸内酯类化合物,并对其作用机制进行了计算研究,该类化合物的相关研究对抗结核药物先导化合物发现具有借鉴作用。
基金Supported by Non-funded Science and Technology Research Plan of Zhanjiang City(2023B01023)School-level Education and Teaching Reform Project of Lingnan Normal University(LNJW[2022]154).
文摘[Objectives]To analyze the gene structure of the protein that predicts 6-hydroxymellein synthase of Aspergillus terreus and predict the characteristics and functions of the protein structure encoded by the gene.[Methods]Various information analysis tools in NCBI,CBS and ExPASy websites were adopted.[Results]The QODIPO gene had a full length of 2954 bp,with 952 amino acids in the coding area,and QODIPO had the highest homology with the hypothetical protein ATETN484_0003008800.The molecular weight of QOD1PO protein was 105040.56,the theoretical isoelectric point(pl)was 5.69 and the grand average of hydropathieity was-0.242.It was speculated that QODIPO was an unstable and non-secretory hydrophilic protein located in cytoplasm without transmembrane domain or signal peptide.It could be predicted that the secondary structure of QODIPO encoding protein consisted mainly of random coil,α-helix and a PKS-DH anhydrase domain.[Conclusions]The results will lay a theoretical foundation for cloning and expression of 6-hydroxymellein synthase and further understanding of its activity and function.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41476135,21772210,and 81741154)Guangdong Special Support Projects(Leading talent for LIU Yong-Hong,and Young talent for ZHOU Xue-Feng)
文摘Two new isomeric modified tripeptides,aspergillamides C and D(compounds 1 and 2),together with fifteen known compounds(compounds 3-17),were obtained from the marine sponge-derived fungus Aspergillus terreus SCSIO 41008.The structures of the new compounds,including absolute configurations,were determined by extensive analyses of spectroscopic data(NMR,MS,UV,and IR)and comparisons between the calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism(ECD)spectra.Butyrolactone I(compound 11)exhibited strong inhibitory effects against Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein tyrosine phosphatase B(MptpB)with the IC_(50) being 5.11±0.53μmol·L^(–1),and acted as a noncompetitive inhibitor based on kinetic analysis.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21372191 and 31370079)Jiangsu Province Natural Science Foundation(No.BK20130437)
文摘The present study was designed to isolate and purify chemical constituents from solid culture of endophyte Aspergillus terreus LQ, using silica gel column chromatography, gel filtration with Sephadex LH-20, and HPLC. Fumigaclavine I(1), a new alkaloid, was obtained, along with seven known compounds, including fumigaclavine C(2), rhizoctonic acid(3), monomethylsulochrin(4), chaetominine(5), spirotryprostatin A(6), asperfumoid(7), and lumichrome(8). The structure of compound 1 was elucidated by various spectroscopic analyses(UV, MS, 1D and 2D NMR). The in vitro cytotoxicity of compound 1 was determined by MTT assay in human hepatocarcinoma cell line SMMC-7721, showing weaker cytotoxicity, compared with cisplatin, a clinically used cancer chemotherapeutic agent.
文摘从蓝花黄芩内生真菌土曲霉(Aspergillusterreus)HQ100X-1发酵产物中分离得到2个新化合物[terrustone(1)和asperteretone G (2)], 10个已知化合物(3~12), terrustone (1)为具有4个连续手性中心的三羟基环戊酮类化合物,它们的结构以及绝对构型是通过1D/2D NMR结合电子圆二色谱(ECD)计算来确定.抗菌实验表明,化合物rbrolide R (4)对金黄色葡萄球菌有一定的抑菌活性,其最低抑菌浓度(MIC)值为2.5μg/mL.
基金supported by the grant of Rangsit University to SJthe Chulalongkorn University Centenary Academic Development Project(CU56-FW10)+2 种基金National Research University Project(FW657B)to TAthe Thailand Research Fund(No.DBG5180014)the Center for Environmental Health,Toxicology and Management of Chemicals to PK
文摘The title compound, neogeodin hydrate （C17H14C1208, CAS： 94540-50-8）, was derived from marine fungus Aspergilhts terreus CRIM301. It was unequivocally characterized by IR, NMR spectroscopies, and single-crystal X-ray crystallography and tested for various biological activities. Neogeodin hydrate crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1 with a = 8.1159（5） A, b = 8.2472（4） A, c= 14.1278（7） A, a = 81.448（2）°, β = 84.860（2）°, γ= 70.400（2）°, V = 880.13（8） A3; Z = 2. It comprises a diphenyl ether, asterric acid skeleton and dichloro substituents. The methoxyphenoxy rings of the inversely related molecules form a ribbon-like structure that is stabilized by O-H...O hydrogen bonds through the doubly disordered carboxyl groups and by C-H...O interactions, generating the same R22（8） ring motif. The chlorinated methylbenzoate rings, making mostly a right angle, link the parallel upper and lower ribbons via bifurcated O-H...O and C-H...O hydrogen bonds, yielding endless channels. The channels formed are further sustained by C-H...O and π...π interactions Neogeodin hydrate exhibits inhibition against superoxide anion radical formation in the xanthine/xanthine oxidase （XXO） assay, but has no aromatase inhibitory activity.
文摘Cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) is one of the most important food plants in West Africa. Its peels are made up of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. This lignocellulolytic biomass can be converted using microbial enzymes to fermentable sugars which have wide range of biotechnological relevance in many fermentation processes. The aim of this study is to screen filamentous fungi from decaying cassava peels that are good producers of xylanases and cellulases. Decaying parts of cassava peels were obtained and brought to the laboratory for further work. Fungi were isolated, identified and screened for cellulase and xylanase production. Isolate with highest frequency of occurrence and enzyme production was identified using phenotypic and molecular method. Optimisation of growth conditions for enzymes production was monitored using the DNSA method, also saccharification of cassava peel were carried out using the enzymes obtained from the isolate. Aspergillus terreus KJ829487 was the predominant fungus. It produces cellulases and xylanases optimally at 40°C, pH 6 and 8, utilising carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) or xylose and yeast extracts as its carbon and nitrogen sources respectively. Saccharification of the peels yielded 584 mg/L glucose, 78 mg/L xylose and 66 mg/L rhamnose. Aspergillus terreus KJ829487 obtained from cassava peels have the ability to produce high concentration cellulases and xylanases which effectively hydrolysed the lignocelluloses’ biomass to fermentable sugars.
文摘Application of the computer image analysis for improving microbial viability assessment by plate count and fluorescence microscopy was investigated. Yeast cells were used as a model microorganism. The application of the improved methods for the viability assessment of yeast cells after preservation by freezing and freeze-drying was demonstrated.
文摘Itaconic acid is commercially produced by the cultivation of Aspergillus terreus using starch hydrolysate as carbon source. The degree of hydrolysis had a great influence on itaconic acid production which was suitable when corn starch was saccharified at 35 DE. The α-amylase was sufficient to drive the starch hydrolysis to the degree. The agar plate assay with LiCl treatment provided a rapid, simple and unequivocal method for screening large numbers of colonies for itaconic acid producing strains. It was learned by experience that the strains on the plates with thick hyphae and light-colored spores often accompanied high itaconic acid production. A strain, designated Ast165, producing itaconic acid with a high yield, was successfully obtained by directional breeding of metabolic end products resistant strains. The itaconic acid concentration produced by Ast165 was 53.8 g/l from 100 g/l of starch hydrolysate in shake flasks. The conversion rate was 61.3%, which was the highest value found in tests.
文摘This study reports lovastatin production by solid state fermentation using pomegranate seeds as a substrate. Six different fungal strains and several agro-industrial wastes were selected and screened. Various physico-chemical parameters were optimized to improve lovastatin. Moreover, chemical mutation was systematically employed to enhance lovastatin yield on selected strains. Productivity of 3 ± 0.06 mg lovastatin/gm dfm was obtained prior to optimization. One factor a time followed by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) gave 4.2 ± 0.10 mg lovastatin/gm dfm yield in an optimized setup with pomegranate seed powder (5 gms), KH2PO4 (0.1% w/v), glucose (5% w/v), moisture (60% w/w), pH 5 in a 15 days fermentation cycle. The production was further increased to 6.5 ± 0.08 mg lovastatin/gm dfm through chemical mutation of the strain. This process is simple and reproducible for the production of lovastatin using pomegranate seed as an agro-industrial waste.
基金supported by the Fund of Natural Science of Liaoning Province(No. 2015020730)supported by Program for Innovative Research Team of the Ministry of EducationProgram for Liaoning Innovative Research Team in University
文摘A new epipolythiodioxopiperazine （ETP）, asperterzine （1）, along with two known analogs, bisdethiobis （methylthio）-acetylaranotin （2） and bisdethiobis（methylthio）-acetylapoaranotin （3）, was isolated from the plant endophytic fungus Aspergillus terreus PR-P-2. The structure elucidation of 1 was accomplished by a combination of spectral methods and electronic circular dichroism （ECD） spectrum. Asperterzine （1） was a symmetric aromatized ETP found as a natural product for the first time. Compounds 2 and 3 showed strong cytotoxicity against HL-60 cell line. The putative biosynthetic pathway of 1 was also detailed in the text.
文摘RAPD was used to examine the genetic variability among five isolates of Aspergillus terreus spp.. Two random primers were selected for the RAPD assay PG01–5’ CAGGTGTTGC 3’ and PG02–5’ CTGGACAGAC 3’ (Progen Technologies). The characterization of Aspergillus terreus species have been mostly applied on the basis of morphology, phenotype and physiology. DNA Polymorphisms are based on differences in DNA sequences and have advantages over protein polymorphisms. But morphological characterization besides molecular tools will remain a basic and powerful key in the identification of Aspergillus terreus species. The objective of the present study was to isolate the fungal contaminants from dried grapes and compare the genomic profile of the Aspergillus terreus speices isolated from the dried grapes, through RAPD analysis. In the present study with primer PG 01 four different discriminations was there among the A. terreus isolates. There was a homology of genotype between the isolates 1 & 3. And with primer PG 02 four different discriminations were there and there was a homology between 1 & 3. The predominant type was type I in primer I & II. The other isolates belonged to 2, 3 and 4. No similarity was detected for isolates 3, 4 and 5 indicating great genomic diversity of A. terreus.
