The Hengshan complex forms part of the central zone of the North China Craton and consists predominantly of ductilely-deformed late Archaean to Palaeoproterozoic high-grade, partly migmatitic, granitoid orthogneisses,...The Hengshan complex forms part of the central zone of the North China Craton and consists predominantly of ductilely-deformed late Archaean to Palaeoproterozoic high-grade, partly migmatitic, granitoid orthogneisses, intruded by mafic dykes of gabbroic composition. Many highly strained rocks were previously misinterpreted as supracrustal sequences and represent mylonitized granitoids and sheared dykes. Our single zircon dating documents magmatic granitoid emplacement ages between 2.52 Ga and 2.48 Ga, with rare occurrences of 2.7 Ga gneisses, possibly reflecting an older basement. A few granitic gneisses have emplacement ages between 2.35 and 2.1 Ga and show the same structural features as the older rocks, indicating that the main deformation occurred after -2.1 Ga. Intrusion of gabbroic dykes occurred at -1920 Ma, and all Hengshan rocks underwent granulite-facies metamorphism at 1.88-1.85 Ga, followed by retrogression, sheafing and uplift. We interpret the Hengshan and adjacent Fuping granitoid gneisses as the lower, plutonic, part of a late Archaean to early Palaeoproterozoic Japan-type magmatic arc, with the upper, volcanic part represented by the nearby Wutai complex. Components of this arc may have evolved at a continental margin as indicated by the 2.7 Ga zircons. Major deformation and HP metamorphism occurred in the late Palaeoproterozoic during the Luliang orogeny when the Eastern and Western blocks of the North China Craton collided to form the Trans-North China orogen. Shear zones in the Hengshan are interpreted as major lower crustal discontinuities post-dating the peak of HP metamorphism, and we suggest that they formed during orogenic collapse and uplift of the Hengshan complex in the late Palaeoproterozoic （〈1.85 Ga）.展开更多
The theoretical studies of bionics of machinery have great scientific significance, and the development of bionic machines has large practical values in the field of engineering and technology. Through the rigorous se...The theoretical studies of bionics of machinery have great scientific significance, and the development of bionic machines has large practical values in the field of engineering and technology. Through the rigorous selection process of evolution, the survived living organisms have successfully developed outstanding abilities to adapt to their surroundings and to reproduce their offspring. In this review,we interpreted the fundamental principles of anti-adhesion and anti-resistance of soil animals by reviewing the current status in this research field and summarizing the work of the research group at Jilin University of China in the past decades. The principles and technologies used in morphology bionics,electric-osmosis bionics,flexibility bionics,configuration bionics and coupling bionics were examined.Finally,the applications of the engineering bionics and their extensive prospects were introduced.展开更多
Single zircons from two trondhjemitic gneisses and two clastic metasedimentary rocks without Eu anomaly of the Kongling high-grade metamorphic terrain are dated by the in situ SHRIMP U-Pb method. The results show that...Single zircons from two trondhjemitic gneisses and two clastic metasedimentary rocks without Eu anomaly of the Kongling high-grade metamorphic terrain are dated by the in situ SHRIMP U-Pb method. The results show that the trondhjemitic magma emplaced at 2947-2903 Ma. Concordant age of as old as 3.3 Ga is present in the detrital zircons from the clastic metasedimentary rocks. Together with the depleted mantle Nd model age (TDM =3.2-3.3 Ga) of the clastic metasedimentary rocks, this documents the presence of Paleoarchean continental crust in the Yangtze craton.展开更多
The spatial distribution map of 65 mid-large gold-deposits hosted in the granite-greenstone terrains of the North China Craton is first drawn. These gold deposits mainly concentrate in the Mesozoic remobilized Yinshan...The spatial distribution map of 65 mid-large gold-deposits hosted in the granite-greenstone terrains of the North China Craton is first drawn. These gold deposits mainly concentrate in the Mesozoic remobilized Yinshan-Yanshan-Liaoning-Jilin intracontinental collisional orogenic belt, the northern Qinling and the Jiaodong Mesozoic collisional orogenic belts, and the Mesozoic intracontinental fault-magmatic belts developed along the Taihangshan and the Tan-Lu faults; their mineralizing time is predominantly Jurassic-Cretaceous, i.e. the Yanshanian. The metallogenic geodynamic background is exactly the compression-to-extension transition regime during continental collision.展开更多
利用常规观测、FY-2G、地面加密自动站和NCEP/NCAR(0. 25°×0. 25°)再分析资料,对2016年7月31日至8月1日新疆西部出现的一次极端特大暴雨过程进行分析。结果表明:暴雨发生在南亚高压单体型和"两脊一槽"稳定环...利用常规观测、FY-2G、地面加密自动站和NCEP/NCAR(0. 25°×0. 25°)再分析资料,对2016年7月31日至8月1日新疆西部出现的一次极端特大暴雨过程进行分析。结果表明:暴雨发生在南亚高压单体型和"两脊一槽"稳定环流形势下,暴雨区位于200 h Pa高空西南急流入口区右侧、700 h Pa低空偏东急流前部、500 h Pa偏南急流及700 h Pa辐合线附近。除中亚低槽自身携带的水汽外,在极为有利的高、中、低纬环流系统配合下孟加拉湾、南海和西太平洋向暴雨区输送的丰沛水汽也是此次极端特大暴雨的重要水汽来源。暴雨区西、东、南边界水汽输入均起着重要作用,尤其是西边界和东边界,占水汽输入总量的78. 4%。暴雨区上空高低空急流的配合以及纬向风的水平切变和经向风的垂直切变为暴雨区辐合上升运动和中尺度系统的产生和发展提供有利条件。中尺度对流云团生成后在引导气流的作用下不断向北移动发展,是造成暴雨的直接系统。发展、移动的低空急流、切变线、风场辐合线和地形辐合线及自天山迎风坡向北分布的多个具有强上升支的中尺度垂直环流不断将水汽和能量向上输送,经500 h Pa槽前强偏南气流向北输送至暴雨区上空。中低层暖平流、风切变和天山地形对天山迎风坡暴雨中尺度系统的产生和向上强烈发展有重要的作用。展开更多
基金funded by the German Science Foundation(DFG,grant Kr 590/62)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant Nos.49832030,49772143 and 49572140 to Li Jianghai)
文摘The Hengshan complex forms part of the central zone of the North China Craton and consists predominantly of ductilely-deformed late Archaean to Palaeoproterozoic high-grade, partly migmatitic, granitoid orthogneisses, intruded by mafic dykes of gabbroic composition. Many highly strained rocks were previously misinterpreted as supracrustal sequences and represent mylonitized granitoids and sheared dykes. Our single zircon dating documents magmatic granitoid emplacement ages between 2.52 Ga and 2.48 Ga, with rare occurrences of 2.7 Ga gneisses, possibly reflecting an older basement. A few granitic gneisses have emplacement ages between 2.35 and 2.1 Ga and show the same structural features as the older rocks, indicating that the main deformation occurred after -2.1 Ga. Intrusion of gabbroic dykes occurred at -1920 Ma, and all Hengshan rocks underwent granulite-facies metamorphism at 1.88-1.85 Ga, followed by retrogression, sheafing and uplift. We interpret the Hengshan and adjacent Fuping granitoid gneisses as the lower, plutonic, part of a late Archaean to early Palaeoproterozoic Japan-type magmatic arc, with the upper, volcanic part represented by the nearby Wutai complex. Components of this arc may have evolved at a continental margin as indicated by the 2.7 Ga zircons. Major deformation and HP metamorphism occurred in the late Palaeoproterozoic during the Luliang orogeny when the Eastern and Western blocks of the North China Craton collided to form the Trans-North China orogen. Shear zones in the Hengshan are interpreted as major lower crustal discontinuities post-dating the peak of HP metamorphism, and we suggest that they formed during orogenic collapse and uplift of the Hengshan complex in the late Palaeoproterozoic （〈1.85 Ga）.
基金Supported by the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.50635030 and 59835200)the Chinese National Programs for Science and Technology Development (Grant No.2005BA429C)the Key Proliferation Project for Scientific and Technological Fruits of China (Grant No.2005EC000119)
文摘The theoretical studies of bionics of machinery have great scientific significance, and the development of bionic machines has large practical values in the field of engineering and technology. Through the rigorous selection process of evolution, the survived living organisms have successfully developed outstanding abilities to adapt to their surroundings and to reproduce their offspring. In this review,we interpreted the fundamental principles of anti-adhesion and anti-resistance of soil animals by reviewing the current status in this research field and summarizing the work of the research group at Jilin University of China in the past decades. The principles and technologies used in morphology bionics,electric-osmosis bionics,flexibility bionics,configuration bionics and coupling bionics were examined.Finally,the applications of the engineering bionics and their extensive prospects were introduced.
基金Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No.1999043202), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 49625305, 49573183, 49673184, 49794043), the Northwest University, the Ministry of Education of China and the Australian Res
文摘Single zircons from two trondhjemitic gneisses and two clastic metasedimentary rocks without Eu anomaly of the Kongling high-grade metamorphic terrain are dated by the in situ SHRIMP U-Pb method. The results show that the trondhjemitic magma emplaced at 2947-2903 Ma. Concordant age of as old as 3.3 Ga is present in the detrital zircons from the clastic metasedimentary rocks. Together with the depleted mantle Nd model age (TDM =3.2-3.3 Ga) of the clastic metasedimentary rocks, this documents the presence of Paleoarchean continental crust in the Yangtze craton.
文摘The spatial distribution map of 65 mid-large gold-deposits hosted in the granite-greenstone terrains of the North China Craton is first drawn. These gold deposits mainly concentrate in the Mesozoic remobilized Yinshan-Yanshan-Liaoning-Jilin intracontinental collisional orogenic belt, the northern Qinling and the Jiaodong Mesozoic collisional orogenic belts, and the Mesozoic intracontinental fault-magmatic belts developed along the Taihangshan and the Tan-Lu faults; their mineralizing time is predominantly Jurassic-Cretaceous, i.e. the Yanshanian. The metallogenic geodynamic background is exactly the compression-to-extension transition regime during continental collision.
文摘利用常规观测、FY-2G、地面加密自动站和NCEP/NCAR(0. 25°×0. 25°)再分析资料,对2016年7月31日至8月1日新疆西部出现的一次极端特大暴雨过程进行分析。结果表明:暴雨发生在南亚高压单体型和"两脊一槽"稳定环流形势下,暴雨区位于200 h Pa高空西南急流入口区右侧、700 h Pa低空偏东急流前部、500 h Pa偏南急流及700 h Pa辐合线附近。除中亚低槽自身携带的水汽外,在极为有利的高、中、低纬环流系统配合下孟加拉湾、南海和西太平洋向暴雨区输送的丰沛水汽也是此次极端特大暴雨的重要水汽来源。暴雨区西、东、南边界水汽输入均起着重要作用,尤其是西边界和东边界,占水汽输入总量的78. 4%。暴雨区上空高低空急流的配合以及纬向风的水平切变和经向风的垂直切变为暴雨区辐合上升运动和中尺度系统的产生和发展提供有利条件。中尺度对流云团生成后在引导气流的作用下不断向北移动发展,是造成暴雨的直接系统。发展、移动的低空急流、切变线、风场辐合线和地形辐合线及自天山迎风坡向北分布的多个具有强上升支的中尺度垂直环流不断将水汽和能量向上输送,经500 h Pa槽前强偏南气流向北输送至暴雨区上空。中低层暖平流、风切变和天山地形对天山迎风坡暴雨中尺度系统的产生和向上强烈发展有重要的作用。
