Intercultural literacy is attached increasingly great importance in this interconnected world.People from diversified cultural backgrounds need to interact with each other for various purposes.Schools and organization...Intercultural literacy is attached increasingly great importance in this interconnected world.People from diversified cultural backgrounds need to interact with each other for various purposes.Schools and organizations offer courses to improve people’s intercultural competence.This paper examines two effective techniques to teach intercultural competence in the classroom setting:critical incident activity and cultural story telling.These two strategies can help achieve the desired objectives of Michael Byram’s intercultural communication model.展开更多
<strong>Objective:</strong> This study aims to determine the process of patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer in Japan telling their children about the disease, and how they have thought about it aft...<strong>Objective:</strong> This study aims to determine the process of patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer in Japan telling their children about the disease, and how they have thought about it after the diagnosis. <strong>Methods:</strong> Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer who had 3- to 14-year-old children. Narratives of participants about how they told their children about the disease were analysed by a qualitative and descriptive study design using the Modified Grounded Theory Approach (M-GTA). <strong>Results:</strong> In the process by which patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer tell their children about the disease, participants were [Maintaining mental balance in the face of the threat of the cancer] after the breast cancer diagnosis, and used the “Facing the cancer through the relationship with the children” as the core category in the process. The participants had [Determined to tell the children about the disease], while [Being worried about the influence of cancer on the children], [Thinking about the benefits of not hiding the cancer], and [Feeling difficulty in communicating the diagnosis of cancer to their children]. They were [Encouraged to tell about the disease to the children] by people around them, and did tell the children that they had a “disease” or “cancer”. The participants who told the children that they had the disease while [Determining the impact on the children] repeated the [Making herself look unconcerned] in the process. Those who told the children that they had cancer while [Determining the impact on the children] repeated [Talking openly about cancer and death] between parents and children. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> The participants came to face their own cancer by maintaining mental balance in the face of the threat of the cancer and telling their children about the disease. Nurses need to assist these patients to be able to deal openly with their children from the early stage of the diagn展开更多
As is known to all,the globalization of China’s film industry plays as one important means in enhancing China’s national image and international voice.During the process of exporting externally,there exist some prob...As is known to all,the globalization of China’s film industry plays as one important means in enhancing China’s national image and international voice.During the process of exporting externally,there exist some problems in its content production and marketing system.However,due to the"Belt and Road",the present film industry has ushered in new opportunities.In the essay,according to the author,only with strategies of ecological marketing in global market,China’s film industry could strengthen China’s cultural confidence through telling China’s stories,as so to shape China’s national image in the world.展开更多
The goals of this overview is to discuss the ethics of telling the patient the truth, with some historical backgrounds and it is importance in medical practice, Justifying Less than Full Disclosure in some situations ...The goals of this overview is to discuss the ethics of telling the patient the truth, with some historical backgrounds and it is importance in medical practice, Justifying Less than Full Disclosure in some situations in which the truth may have a terrible impact on the occasional patient, and the influence of the culture on the health care professionals attitudes towards telling the patient the truth. Conclusion: The health care professionals need more awareness, and training in ethics of veracity and also in the communication skills especially in the context of breaking bad news in telling the patient the truth about diagnosis, treatment outcomes, and prognosis of any serious illness.展开更多
Objectives: The purpose of this phenomenological Qualitative Study is to gain an in depth understanding of the nature and meaning of the experiences of physicians in relation to truth disclosure and ethics of veracity...Objectives: The purpose of this phenomenological Qualitative Study is to gain an in depth understanding of the nature and meaning of the experiences of physicians in relation to truth disclosure and ethics of veracity when diagnosing cancer. Methods: A qualitative phenomenological study using semi-structured interviews was conducted at Sultan Qaboos university hospital (SQUH), l to explore the Omani Physicians’ lived experiences with truth disclosure in patients who were diagnosed with cancer. The target population for this study is Omani physicians working in SQUH. The total of four participants was involved in this study. Results: Three essential themes were generated through the analysis of the participants’ descriptions of their perceptions and lived experiences as the following with their subthemes: the first theme is the clinical aspect of the experiences with three subthemes: 1) The ethical aspect and the physician’s attitude;2) The strategy of breaking bad news;3) Training and breaking bad news. The second theme is Cultural diversity with three subthemes: 1) Relatives preference;2) The patient education;3) The hospital setting. The third theme is the emotional aspect of the experiences with five subthemes: 1) Emotional sadness;2) Personal grief;3) Other emotions;4) The positive emotions;5) Control of the emotions. Conclusion: This study recommends: to build up appropriate measures and guidelines on the subject of truth telling and medical ethics, and to provide more training for the health care providers in the context of breaking bad news. In addition to add to the curriculum of medical colleges the basic ethical principles relevant to medical practice. Finally, to establish medical social work departments in SQUH, and other healthcare institutions in Oman.展开更多
Objective: This study aims to investigate the truth-telling status and the relevant factors of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) patients in Henan, China.Methods: A cross-sectional study from April to June 2015...Objective: This study aims to investigate the truth-telling status and the relevant factors of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) patients in Henan, China.Methods: A cross-sectional study from April to June 2015 using questionnaires was given to 301 family members of hospitalized ESCC patients based in three affiliated hospitals of Zhengzhou University(i.e., The First Hospital, The Second Hospital, and Tumor Hospital) and Anyang Tumor Hospital.Results: Among the 41.9%(126/301) hospitalized ESCC patients who knew of their true diagnoses, only 4.0% patients were informed by their corresponding responsible doctors, 39.7% by their family members, and 56.3% by themselves. Univariate analyses showed that disclosure of confirmed ESCC diagnosis to patients was correlated with gender, family history of cancer(FHC), education level, vocation, hospital administrative level, and attitudes of family members(P < 0.05). Furthermore,multivariate analysis indicated that attitude of family members was the most important and an independent factor for diagnosis disclosure. Those patients with a negative FHC, under-education, manual occupation, advanced stages, and hospitalized in municipal hospitals exhibited a low rate of truth telling.Conclusions: Truth telling for ESCC patients in Henan is not prevalent and may be improved through consultation with family members, particularly for patients with a negative FHC, poor education, manual occupation, and advanced stages.展开更多
文摘Intercultural literacy is attached increasingly great importance in this interconnected world.People from diversified cultural backgrounds need to interact with each other for various purposes.Schools and organizations offer courses to improve people’s intercultural competence.This paper examines two effective techniques to teach intercultural competence in the classroom setting:critical incident activity and cultural story telling.These two strategies can help achieve the desired objectives of Michael Byram’s intercultural communication model.
文摘<strong>Objective:</strong> This study aims to determine the process of patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer in Japan telling their children about the disease, and how they have thought about it after the diagnosis. <strong>Methods:</strong> Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer who had 3- to 14-year-old children. Narratives of participants about how they told their children about the disease were analysed by a qualitative and descriptive study design using the Modified Grounded Theory Approach (M-GTA). <strong>Results:</strong> In the process by which patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer tell their children about the disease, participants were [Maintaining mental balance in the face of the threat of the cancer] after the breast cancer diagnosis, and used the “Facing the cancer through the relationship with the children” as the core category in the process. The participants had [Determined to tell the children about the disease], while [Being worried about the influence of cancer on the children], [Thinking about the benefits of not hiding the cancer], and [Feeling difficulty in communicating the diagnosis of cancer to their children]. They were [Encouraged to tell about the disease to the children] by people around them, and did tell the children that they had a “disease” or “cancer”. The participants who told the children that they had the disease while [Determining the impact on the children] repeated the [Making herself look unconcerned] in the process. Those who told the children that they had cancer while [Determining the impact on the children] repeated [Talking openly about cancer and death] between parents and children. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> The participants came to face their own cancer by maintaining mental balance in the face of the threat of the cancer and telling their children about the disease. Nurses need to assist these patients to be able to deal openly with their children from the early stage of the diagn
文摘As is known to all,the globalization of China’s film industry plays as one important means in enhancing China’s national image and international voice.During the process of exporting externally,there exist some problems in its content production and marketing system.However,due to the"Belt and Road",the present film industry has ushered in new opportunities.In the essay,according to the author,only with strategies of ecological marketing in global market,China’s film industry could strengthen China’s cultural confidence through telling China’s stories,as so to shape China’s national image in the world.
文摘The goals of this overview is to discuss the ethics of telling the patient the truth, with some historical backgrounds and it is importance in medical practice, Justifying Less than Full Disclosure in some situations in which the truth may have a terrible impact on the occasional patient, and the influence of the culture on the health care professionals attitudes towards telling the patient the truth. Conclusion: The health care professionals need more awareness, and training in ethics of veracity and also in the communication skills especially in the context of breaking bad news in telling the patient the truth about diagnosis, treatment outcomes, and prognosis of any serious illness.
文摘Objectives: The purpose of this phenomenological Qualitative Study is to gain an in depth understanding of the nature and meaning of the experiences of physicians in relation to truth disclosure and ethics of veracity when diagnosing cancer. Methods: A qualitative phenomenological study using semi-structured interviews was conducted at Sultan Qaboos university hospital (SQUH), l to explore the Omani Physicians’ lived experiences with truth disclosure in patients who were diagnosed with cancer. The target population for this study is Omani physicians working in SQUH. The total of four participants was involved in this study. Results: Three essential themes were generated through the analysis of the participants’ descriptions of their perceptions and lived experiences as the following with their subthemes: the first theme is the clinical aspect of the experiences with three subthemes: 1) The ethical aspect and the physician’s attitude;2) The strategy of breaking bad news;3) Training and breaking bad news. The second theme is Cultural diversity with three subthemes: 1) Relatives preference;2) The patient education;3) The hospital setting. The third theme is the emotional aspect of the experiences with five subthemes: 1) Emotional sadness;2) Personal grief;3) Other emotions;4) The positive emotions;5) Control of the emotions. Conclusion: This study recommends: to build up appropriate measures and guidelines on the subject of truth telling and medical ethics, and to provide more training for the health care providers in the context of breaking bad news. In addition to add to the curriculum of medical colleges the basic ethical principles relevant to medical practice. Finally, to establish medical social work departments in SQUH, and other healthcare institutions in Oman.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81472323)Top Talent Support Project of Zhengzhou University(Grant No.ZDGD13001)Innovation Scientists and Technicians Troop Construction Projects of Henan Province,China(Grant No.3047)
文摘Objective: This study aims to investigate the truth-telling status and the relevant factors of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) patients in Henan, China.Methods: A cross-sectional study from April to June 2015 using questionnaires was given to 301 family members of hospitalized ESCC patients based in three affiliated hospitals of Zhengzhou University(i.e., The First Hospital, The Second Hospital, and Tumor Hospital) and Anyang Tumor Hospital.Results: Among the 41.9%(126/301) hospitalized ESCC patients who knew of their true diagnoses, only 4.0% patients were informed by their corresponding responsible doctors, 39.7% by their family members, and 56.3% by themselves. Univariate analyses showed that disclosure of confirmed ESCC diagnosis to patients was correlated with gender, family history of cancer(FHC), education level, vocation, hospital administrative level, and attitudes of family members(P < 0.05). Furthermore,multivariate analysis indicated that attitude of family members was the most important and an independent factor for diagnosis disclosure. Those patients with a negative FHC, under-education, manual occupation, advanced stages, and hospitalized in municipal hospitals exhibited a low rate of truth telling.Conclusions: Truth telling for ESCC patients in Henan is not prevalent and may be improved through consultation with family members, particularly for patients with a negative FHC, poor education, manual occupation, and advanced stages.
