The aim of this article is to strengthen and improve the collaboration between professional agents of a service that manages one of the technical processes acting on a given territory by synchronizing the spatio-tempo...The aim of this article is to strengthen and improve the collaboration between professional agents of a service that manages one of the technical processes acting on a given territory by synchronizing the spatio-temporal dimensions including all agents assembled for the task. This proposal was tested in the Lamkansa neighborhood in Casablanca, Morocco. The employed approach is based GIS resources and on systemic analysis of communication present in a territory. We were inspired by several methodological developments that carried multi-actor processes in land use planning. We focused our work on strengthening the collaboration between professionals, field agents and office agents, in the process of design and monitoring the liquid sanitation system. The device is based on geolocation and synchronous feedback of topological, geographical, and multimedia data related to the liquid sanitation network. Thanks to a geo-collaborative, participative, and motivating logic, we reduced the management costs of the network and made it faster and more efficient by equally mobilizing another type of non-specialized actors (the inhabitants). This device uses spatial and temporal dimensions to consolidate collaborative work tools through ICT and GIS technologies that thematize and exchange information collected in the field. Furthermore, this device raises great interest as it entails the concept of integration of several actors in a geo-collaborative mode while combining geomatics with communication and information sciences.展开更多
The paper discusses the diffusion of new technologies from the perspective of the classical economists and Schumpeter. After a comparison of the pre- and post-technical change long-period positions of the economy, we ...The paper discusses the diffusion of new technologies from the perspective of the classical economists and Schumpeter. After a comparison of the pre- and post-technical change long-period positions of the economy, we illustrate the process of transition between the two in terms of a two-sector model Next, we turn to a system with joint production. The fact that some products may be ＂bads＂ that need to be disposed of leads to a study of systems of production-cure-disposal. Finally, we investigate the selection pressure innovations exert on incumbent firms. An important message is that technical change cannot generally be studied within a partial framework of the analysis.展开更多
In France,the use of flax fibers as reinforcement in composite materials is growing exponentially in the automotive sector,thanks to their good physicochemical properties,environmental reasons,health neutrality and du...In France,the use of flax fibers as reinforcement in composite materials is growing exponentially in the automotive sector,thanks to their good physicochemical properties,environmental reasons,health neutrality and due to the European Council Directives on the reuse,recycling and valorization of car components and materials.The aim of our study is to investigate biochemical,physicochemical,and mechanical properties of technical flax fibers to evaluate the impact of transformation processes(scutching,hackling,and homogenization)on final properties of associated composite materials.Different chemical analysis such as Van Soest(biochemical fraction measurement),FTIR(Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy),and XRD(X-ray diffraction)were carried out on different process modalities and show that there is no significant difference in terms of biochemical fraction and crystallinity index.By the same token,mechanical behavior shows that Young’s modulus is not affected by the transformation process.This result is also observed for thermal behavior.The results highlight the fact that the transformation processes of technical fibers do not really affect their physicochemical and mechanical performances.展开更多
文摘The aim of this article is to strengthen and improve the collaboration between professional agents of a service that manages one of the technical processes acting on a given territory by synchronizing the spatio-temporal dimensions including all agents assembled for the task. This proposal was tested in the Lamkansa neighborhood in Casablanca, Morocco. The employed approach is based GIS resources and on systemic analysis of communication present in a territory. We were inspired by several methodological developments that carried multi-actor processes in land use planning. We focused our work on strengthening the collaboration between professionals, field agents and office agents, in the process of design and monitoring the liquid sanitation system. The device is based on geolocation and synchronous feedback of topological, geographical, and multimedia data related to the liquid sanitation network. Thanks to a geo-collaborative, participative, and motivating logic, we reduced the management costs of the network and made it faster and more efficient by equally mobilizing another type of non-specialized actors (the inhabitants). This device uses spatial and temporal dimensions to consolidate collaborative work tools through ICT and GIS technologies that thematize and exchange information collected in the field. Furthermore, this device raises great interest as it entails the concept of integration of several actors in a geo-collaborative mode while combining geomatics with communication and information sciences.
文摘The paper discusses the diffusion of new technologies from the perspective of the classical economists and Schumpeter. After a comparison of the pre- and post-technical change long-period positions of the economy, we illustrate the process of transition between the two in terms of a two-sector model Next, we turn to a system with joint production. The fact that some products may be ＂bads＂ that need to be disposed of leads to a study of systems of production-cure-disposal. Finally, we investigate the selection pressure innovations exert on incumbent firms. An important message is that technical change cannot generally be studied within a partial framework of the analysis.
基金funded by FEDER and it was carried out in collaboration with LSM and LINEO Company.
文摘In France,the use of flax fibers as reinforcement in composite materials is growing exponentially in the automotive sector,thanks to their good physicochemical properties,environmental reasons,health neutrality and due to the European Council Directives on the reuse,recycling and valorization of car components and materials.The aim of our study is to investigate biochemical,physicochemical,and mechanical properties of technical flax fibers to evaluate the impact of transformation processes(scutching,hackling,and homogenization)on final properties of associated composite materials.Different chemical analysis such as Van Soest(biochemical fraction measurement),FTIR(Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy),and XRD(X-ray diffraction)were carried out on different process modalities and show that there is no significant difference in terms of biochemical fraction and crystallinity index.By the same token,mechanical behavior shows that Young’s modulus is not affected by the transformation process.This result is also observed for thermal behavior.The results highlight the fact that the transformation processes of technical fibers do not really affect their physicochemical and mechanical performances.
