Trichoderma/Hypocrea is a genus of soil-borne or wood-decaying fungi containing members important to mankind as producers of industrial enzymes and biocontrol agents against plant pathogens, but also as opportunistic ...Trichoderma/Hypocrea is a genus of soil-borne or wood-decaying fungi containing members important to mankind as producers of industrial enzymes and biocontrol agents against plant pathogens, but also as opportunistic pathogens of immunocompromised humans. Species identification, while essential in view of the controversial properties of taxa ofthis genus, has been problematic by traditional methods. Here we will present a critical survey of the various identification methods in use. In addition,we will present an update on the taxonomy and phylogeny of the 88 taxa (which occur as 14 holomorphs, 49 teleomorphs and 25 anamorphs in nature) of Trichoderma/Hypocrea that have been confirmed by a combination of morphological, physiological and genetic approaches.展开更多
Holttumochloa has previously only been recorded from Malaysia. Here we describe and illustrate a new species, Holttumochloa hainanensis sp. nov., from the lowland montane forests of Diaoluo Mountain on the Island of H...Holttumochloa has previously only been recorded from Malaysia. Here we describe and illustrate a new species, Holttumochloa hainanensis sp. nov., from the lowland montane forests of Diaoluo Mountain on the Island of Hainan, South China. Morphologically, H. hainanensis is similar to Holttumochloa korbuensis,but can be clearly distinguished from it in having larger culms covered by white wax, longer leaf blades,larger pseudospikelets and anthers. Furthermore, molecular phylogeny based on the nuclear gene GBSSI corroborates the identification of the new species and its affinity. The biogeographical significance of the new record of Holttumochloa in South China is also highlighted in this study.展开更多
Four loaches, Niwaella brevipinna Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov., N. fimbriata Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov., N. nigrolinea Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov. and N. qujiangensis Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov., are described based on specimens collecte...Four loaches, Niwaella brevipinna Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov., N. fimbriata Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov., N. nigrolinea Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov. and N. qujiangensis Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov., are described based on specimens collected from Zhejiang and Anhui Provinces, East China. The mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of 28 individuals of seven species from seven locations collected from Zhejiang, Anhui and Jiangxi Provinces were amplified and analyzed. Morphological and molecular data showed that N. fimbriata Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov. and N. nigrolinea Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov., N. brevipinna Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov. and N. laterimaculata（Yan ＆ Zheng）, N. qujiangensis Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov. and N. longibarba Chen ＆ Chen are closely related. The seven Chinese Niwaella species, N. brevipinna Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov., N. fimbriata Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov., N. laterimaculata, N. longibarba, N. nigrolinea Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov., N. qujiangensis Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov., and N. xinjiangensis are clearly distinguished by the combination of the color patter, mental lobes, suborbital spine, caudal peduncle, body shape, and subdorsal scales.展开更多
Two spined loaches, Cobitis oxycephala Chen YX ＆ Chen YF, sp. nov. and C. brachysoma Chen YX ＆ Chen YF, sp. nov., are described based on specimens collected from Guangdong and Hainan Provinces, South China. Morpholo...Two spined loaches, Cobitis oxycephala Chen YX ＆ Chen YF, sp. nov. and C. brachysoma Chen YX ＆ Chen YF, sp. nov., are described based on specimens collected from Guangdong and Hainan Provinces, South China. Morphology features and sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of these two new species were analyzed. Morphological and molecular data show that C. oxycephala Chen YX ＆ Chen YF, sp. nov. is closely related to C. dolichorhynchus Nichols, and C. brachysoma Chen YX ＆ Chen YF, sp. nov. is closely related to C. microcephala Chen ＆ Chen. These two new species can be distinguished from their congeners by the combination of characteristics of body shape, color pattern, lamina circularis, mental lobes, suborbital spine, subdorsal scales, and caudal peduncle.展开更多
文摘Trichoderma/Hypocrea is a genus of soil-borne or wood-decaying fungi containing members important to mankind as producers of industrial enzymes and biocontrol agents against plant pathogens, but also as opportunistic pathogens of immunocompromised humans. Species identification, while essential in view of the controversial properties of taxa ofthis genus, has been problematic by traditional methods. Here we will present a critical survey of the various identification methods in use. In addition,we will present an update on the taxonomy and phylogeny of the 88 taxa (which occur as 14 holomorphs, 49 teleomorphs and 25 anamorphs in nature) of Trichoderma/Hypocrea that have been confirmed by a combination of morphological, physiological and genetic approaches.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants 31430011 and 31670396)
文摘Holttumochloa has previously only been recorded from Malaysia. Here we describe and illustrate a new species, Holttumochloa hainanensis sp. nov., from the lowland montane forests of Diaoluo Mountain on the Island of Hainan, South China. Morphologically, H. hainanensis is similar to Holttumochloa korbuensis,but can be clearly distinguished from it in having larger culms covered by white wax, longer leaf blades,larger pseudospikelets and anthers. Furthermore, molecular phylogeny based on the nuclear gene GBSSI corroborates the identification of the new species and its affinity. The biogeographical significance of the new record of Holttumochloa in South China is also highlighted in this study.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31372166)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China(C2016201055)
文摘Four loaches, Niwaella brevipinna Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov., N. fimbriata Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov., N. nigrolinea Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov. and N. qujiangensis Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov., are described based on specimens collected from Zhejiang and Anhui Provinces, East China. The mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of 28 individuals of seven species from seven locations collected from Zhejiang, Anhui and Jiangxi Provinces were amplified and analyzed. Morphological and molecular data showed that N. fimbriata Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov. and N. nigrolinea Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov., N. brevipinna Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov. and N. laterimaculata（Yan ＆ Zheng）, N. qujiangensis Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov. and N. longibarba Chen ＆ Chen are closely related. The seven Chinese Niwaella species, N. brevipinna Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov., N. fimbriata Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov., N. laterimaculata, N. longibarba, N. nigrolinea Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov., N. qujiangensis Chen ＆ Chen, sp. nov., and N. xinjiangensis are clearly distinguished by the combination of the color patter, mental lobes, suborbital spine, caudal peduncle, body shape, and subdorsal scales.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31372166)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China(C2016201055)
文摘Two spined loaches, Cobitis oxycephala Chen YX ＆ Chen YF, sp. nov. and C. brachysoma Chen YX ＆ Chen YF, sp. nov., are described based on specimens collected from Guangdong and Hainan Provinces, South China. Morphology features and sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of these two new species were analyzed. Morphological and molecular data show that C. oxycephala Chen YX ＆ Chen YF, sp. nov. is closely related to C. dolichorhynchus Nichols, and C. brachysoma Chen YX ＆ Chen YF, sp. nov. is closely related to C. microcephala Chen ＆ Chen. These two new species can be distinguished from their congeners by the combination of characteristics of body shape, color pattern, lamina circularis, mental lobes, suborbital spine, subdorsal scales, and caudal peduncle.
