Fungi blast is one of the most serious diseases of rice worldwide. Breeding resistant varieties have been proved to be the most effective and economical means to control the disease. This paper describes the molecular...Fungi blast is one of the most serious diseases of rice worldwide. Breeding resistant varieties have been proved to be the most effective and economical means to control the disease. This paper describes the molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) procedure for a broad-spectrum blast resistant gene Pi1 integrated into an elite hybrid maintainer line, Zhenshan 97. A simple sequence repeat (SSR) based on molecular marker-aided selection system for Pi1 segment was established. Using a backcross population and a blast isolate F1829, Pi1 gene was mapped on the top of chromosome 11 between markers RZ536 and RM144, with a distance of 9.7 cM and 6.8 cM, respectively. Seventeen families derived from the recurrent parent Zhenshan 97 were obtained with homozygous Pi1 gene. The background of the 17 families was identified with inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) amplification, the highest recovery of the Zhenshan 97 genetic background was 97.01% after the assay of 167 polymorphic bands.展开更多
In the past decade,Social Tagging Systems have attracted increasing attention from both physical and computer science communities.Besides the underlying structure and dynamics of tagging systems,many efforts have been...In the past decade,Social Tagging Systems have attracted increasing attention from both physical and computer science communities.Besides the underlying structure and dynamics of tagging systems,many efforts have been addressed to unify tagging information to reveal user behaviors and preferences,extract the latent semantic relations among items,make recommendations,and so on.Specifically,this article summarizes recent progress about tag-aware recommender systems,emphasizing on the contributions from three mainstream perspectives and approaches：network-based methods,tensor-based methods,and the topic-based methods.Finally,we outline some other tag-related studies and future challenges of tag-aware recommendation algorithms.展开更多
Using 219 F2 Individuals developed by crossing the genetic standard line TM-1 and the multiple dominant marker line T586 In Gossyplum hirsutum L., a genetic linkage map with 19 linkage groups was constructed based on ...Using 219 F2 Individuals developed by crossing the genetic standard line TM-1 and the multiple dominant marker line T586 In Gossyplum hirsutum L., a genetic linkage map with 19 linkage groups was constructed based on simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers. Compared with our tetraploid backboned molecular genetic map from a （TM-1xHal 7124）xTM-1 BC1 population, 17 of the 19 I｜nkage groups were combined and anchored to 12 chromosomes （sub-genomes）. Of these groups, four morphological marker genes In T586 had been mapped Into the molecular linkage map. Meanwhile, three quantitative trait loci for lint percentage were tagged and mapped separately on the A03 linkage group and chromosome 6.展开更多
Chinese new words are particularly problematic in Chinese natural language processing. With the fast development of Internet and information explosion, it is impossible to get a complete system lexicon for application...Chinese new words are particularly problematic in Chinese natural language processing. With the fast development of Internet and information explosion, it is impossible to get a complete system lexicon for applications in Chinese natural language processing, as new words out of dictionaries are always being created. The procedure of new words identification and POS tagging are usually separated and the features of lexical information cannot be fully used. A latent discriminative model, which combines the strengths of Latent Dynamic Conditional Random Field （LDCRF） and semi-CRF, is proposed to detect new words together with their POS synchronously regardless of the types of new words from Chinese text without being pre-segmented. Unlike semi-CRF, in proposed latent discriminative model, LDCRF is applied to generate candidate entities, which accelerates the training speed and decreases the computational cost. The complexity of proposed hidden semi-CRF could be further adjusted by tuning the number of hidden variables and the number of candidate entities from the Nbest outputs of LDCRF model. A new-word-generating framework is proposed for model training and testing, under which the definitions and distributions of new words conform to the ones in real text. The global feature called ＂Global Fragment Features＂ for new word identification is adopted. We tested our model on the corpus from SIGHAN-6. Experimental results show that the proposed method is capable of detecting even low frequency new words together with their POS tags with satisfactory results. The proposed model performs competitively with the state-of-the-art models.展开更多
This review article reports the recent progress in the development of a new group of molecule-based flow diagnostic techniques, which include molecular tag- ging velocimetry （MTV） and molecular tagging thermometry ...This review article reports the recent progress in the development of a new group of molecule-based flow diagnostic techniques, which include molecular tag- ging velocimetry （MTV） and molecular tagging thermometry （MTT）, for both qualitative flow visualization of thermally induced flow structures and quantitative whole-field mea- surements of flow velocity and temperature distributions. The MTV and MTT techniques can also be easily combined to result in a so-called molecular tagging velocimetry and ther- mometry （MTV＆T） technique, which is capble of achieving simultaneous measurements of flow velocity and temperature distribution in fluid flows. Instead of using tiny particles, the molecular tagging techniques （MTV, MTT, and MTV＆T） use phosphorescent molecules, which can be turned into long-lasting glowing marks upon excitation by photons of appropriate wavelength, as the tracers for the flow veloc- ity and temperature measurements. The unique attraction and implementation of the molecular tagging techniques are demonstrated by three application examples, which include： （1） to quantify the unsteady heat transfer process from a heated cylinder to the surrounding fluid flow in order to exam- ine the thermal effects on the wake instabilities behind the heated cylinder operating in mixed and forced heat convec- tion regimes, （2） to reveal the time evolution of unsteady heat transfer and phase changing process inside micro-sized, icing water droplets in order to elucidate the underlying physics pertinent to aircraft icing phenomena, and （3） to achievesimultaneous droplet size, velocity and temperature measure- ments of ＂in-flight＂ droplets to characterize the dynamic and thermodynamic behaviors of flying droplets in spray flows.展开更多
Tag recommendation encourages users to add more tags in bridging the semantic gap between human concept and the features of media object, which provides a feasible solution for content-based multimedia information ret...Tag recommendation encourages users to add more tags in bridging the semantic gap between human concept and the features of media object, which provides a feasible solution for content-based multimedia information retrieval. In this paper, we study personalized tag recommendation in a popular online photo sharing site Flickr. Social relationship information of users is collected to generate an online social network. From the perspective of network topology, we propose node topological potential to characterize user＇s social influence. With this metric, we distinguish different social relations between users and find out those who really have influence on the target users. Tag recommendations are based on tagging history and the latent personalized preference learned from those who have most influence in user＇s social network. We evaluate our method on large scale real-world data. The experimental results demonstrate that our method can outperform the non-personalized global co-occurrence method and other two state-of-the-art personalized approaches using social networks. We also analyze the further usage of our approach for the cold-start problem of tag recommendation.展开更多
文摘Fungi blast is one of the most serious diseases of rice worldwide. Breeding resistant varieties have been proved to be the most effective and economical means to control the disease. This paper describes the molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) procedure for a broad-spectrum blast resistant gene Pi1 integrated into an elite hybrid maintainer line, Zhenshan 97. A simple sequence repeat (SSR) based on molecular marker-aided selection system for Pi1 segment was established. Using a backcross population and a blast isolate F1829, Pi1 gene was mapped on the top of chromosome 11 between markers RZ536 and RM144, with a distance of 9.7 cM and 6.8 cM, respectively. Seventeen families derived from the recurrent parent Zhenshan 97 were obtained with homozygous Pi1 gene. The background of the 17 families was identified with inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) amplification, the highest recovery of the Zhenshan 97 genetic background was 97.01% after the assay of 167 polymorphic bands.
基金supported by the Future and Emerging Technologies (FET) Programs of the European Commission FP7-COSI-ICT(QLectives with Grant No.231200 and Liquid Pub with Grant No.213360)Z.-K.Zhang and T.Zhou acknowledge the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11105024,60973069,61103109,and 90924011the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province under Grant No.2010HH0002
文摘In the past decade,Social Tagging Systems have attracted increasing attention from both physical and computer science communities.Besides the underlying structure and dynamics of tagging systems,many efforts have been addressed to unify tagging information to reveal user behaviors and preferences,extract the latent semantic relations among items,make recommendations,and so on.Specifically,this article summarizes recent progress about tag-aware recommender systems,emphasizing on the contributions from three mainstream perspectives and approaches：network-based methods,tensor-based methods,and the topic-based methods.Finally,we outline some other tag-related studies and future challenges of tag-aware recommendation algorithms.
基金Supported by the Hi-Tech Research and Development （863） Program of China （2004AA211172）, the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University of the Ministry of Education （IRT0432） and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （30070483 and 30270806）.
文摘Using 219 F2 Individuals developed by crossing the genetic standard line TM-1 and the multiple dominant marker line T586 In Gossyplum hirsutum L., a genetic linkage map with 19 linkage groups was constructed based on simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers. Compared with our tetraploid backboned molecular genetic map from a （TM-1xHal 7124）xTM-1 BC1 population, 17 of the 19 I｜nkage groups were combined and anchored to 12 chromosomes （sub-genomes）. Of these groups, four morphological marker genes In T586 had been mapped Into the molecular linkage map. Meanwhile, three quantitative trait loci for lint percentage were tagged and mapped separately on the A03 linkage group and chromosome 6.
基金partially supported by the Doctor Startup Fund of Liaoning Province under Grant No.20101021
文摘Chinese new words are particularly problematic in Chinese natural language processing. With the fast development of Internet and information explosion, it is impossible to get a complete system lexicon for applications in Chinese natural language processing, as new words out of dictionaries are always being created. The procedure of new words identification and POS tagging are usually separated and the features of lexical information cannot be fully used. A latent discriminative model, which combines the strengths of Latent Dynamic Conditional Random Field （LDCRF） and semi-CRF, is proposed to detect new words together with their POS synchronously regardless of the types of new words from Chinese text without being pre-segmented. Unlike semi-CRF, in proposed latent discriminative model, LDCRF is applied to generate candidate entities, which accelerates the training speed and decreases the computational cost. The complexity of proposed hidden semi-CRF could be further adjusted by tuning the number of hidden variables and the number of candidate entities from the Nbest outputs of LDCRF model. A new-word-generating framework is proposed for model training and testing, under which the definitions and distributions of new words conform to the ones in real text. The global feature called ＂Global Fragment Features＂ for new word identification is adopted. We tested our model on the corpus from SIGHAN-6. Experimental results show that the proposed method is capable of detecting even low frequency new words together with their POS tags with satisfactory results. The proposed model performs competitively with the state-of-the-art models.
基金supported by the National Aeronauticaland Space Administration(NASA)(Grant NNX12AC21A)The support of the National Science Foundation(NSF)under award numbers of CBET-1064196,IIA-1064235 and CBET-1435590
文摘This review article reports the recent progress in the development of a new group of molecule-based flow diagnostic techniques, which include molecular tag- ging velocimetry （MTV） and molecular tagging thermometry （MTT）, for both qualitative flow visualization of thermally induced flow structures and quantitative whole-field mea- surements of flow velocity and temperature distributions. The MTV and MTT techniques can also be easily combined to result in a so-called molecular tagging velocimetry and ther- mometry （MTV＆T） technique, which is capble of achieving simultaneous measurements of flow velocity and temperature distribution in fluid flows. Instead of using tiny particles, the molecular tagging techniques （MTV, MTT, and MTV＆T） use phosphorescent molecules, which can be turned into long-lasting glowing marks upon excitation by photons of appropriate wavelength, as the tracers for the flow veloc- ity and temperature measurements. The unique attraction and implementation of the molecular tagging techniques are demonstrated by three application examples, which include： （1） to quantify the unsteady heat transfer process from a heated cylinder to the surrounding fluid flow in order to exam- ine the thermal effects on the wake instabilities behind the heated cylinder operating in mixed and forced heat convec- tion regimes, （2） to reveal the time evolution of unsteady heat transfer and phase changing process inside micro-sized, icing water droplets in order to elucidate the underlying physics pertinent to aircraft icing phenomena, and （3） to achievesimultaneous droplet size, velocity and temperature measure- ments of ＂in-flight＂ droplets to characterize the dynamic and thermodynamic behaviors of flying droplets in spray flows.
基金supported by the National Basic Research 973 Program of China under Grant No. 2007CB310803the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 61035004,60974086the Project of the State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment of China under Grant Nos. SKLSDE-2010ZX-16,SKLSDE-2011ZX-08
文摘Tag recommendation encourages users to add more tags in bridging the semantic gap between human concept and the features of media object, which provides a feasible solution for content-based multimedia information retrieval. In this paper, we study personalized tag recommendation in a popular online photo sharing site Flickr. Social relationship information of users is collected to generate an online social network. From the perspective of network topology, we propose node topological potential to characterize user＇s social influence. With this metric, we distinguish different social relations between users and find out those who really have influence on the target users. Tag recommendations are based on tagging history and the latent personalized preference learned from those who have most influence in user＇s social network. We evaluate our method on large scale real-world data. The experimental results demonstrate that our method can outperform the non-personalized global co-occurrence method and other two state-of-the-art personalized approaches using social networks. We also analyze the further usage of our approach for the cold-start problem of tag recommendation.
