为研究四川持续性强降水期间不同尺度系统相互作用机理和中尺度系统在其中扮演的重要角色,利用四川气象站点降水资料和欧洲中心再分析资料对四川省2016年7月18-23日持续性强降水天气过程进行了综合诊断分析。并运用Barnes带通滤波方法...为研究四川持续性强降水期间不同尺度系统相互作用机理和中尺度系统在其中扮演的重要角色,利用四川气象站点降水资料和欧洲中心再分析资料对四川省2016年7月18-23日持续性强降水天气过程进行了综合诊断分析。并运用Barnes带通滤波方法进行中尺度滤波,实现了中小尺度与大尺度的隔离。结果表明:500 h Pa副高两次西伸和东退,高原东传浅槽两次在盆地加深加强,高低空急流耦合,为降水提供大尺度环流背景。两次东移的西南涡是强降水的直接影响系统,流场上表现为低层中尺度气旋和高层中尺度反气旋,而降水间歇期则为中尺度高压控制。对降水场进行综合诊断分析可知,强降水期间层结处于高能不稳定状态,且水汽充沛,涡度和散度表现为低层气旋式辐合高层反气旋式辐散,配合深厚的垂直上升运动,为强降水提供有利的动力条件。展开更多
The advance of fluid dynamics may be divided into four stages： ancient, classical, neoteric, and contem- porary. A similar four-stage framework can be used to describe the advance of synoptic meteorology, such as the...The advance of fluid dynamics may be divided into four stages： ancient, classical, neoteric, and contem- porary. A similar four-stage framework can be used to describe the advance of synoptic meteorology, such as the conceptual models of extratropical cyclones and their attendant fronts. The first conceptual model of extratropical cyclones was proposed by Admiral FitzRoy in 1863. Based purely on Admiral FitzRoy＇s personal experience （although it does contain some scientific essentials）, this model represents the “ancient” stage of synoptic meteorology. The Norwegian cyclone model was developed based on Newtonian mechanics about 100 yr ago, and represents the classical stage of synoptic meteorology. This model was based on the idea that weather changes are primarily caused by baroclinicity, but contain some serious flaws. In particu- lar, the Norwegian model regards fronts as zeroth-order discontinuities in density, which is inconsistent with the continuity principle of fluid dynamics. The Chicago three-dimensional conceptual model of fronts and cyclones, which was developed approximately 50 yr ago by using quasi-geostrophic theory, can be thought of as representing the neoteric stage of synoptic meteorology. The Chicago model was replaced in the late 20th century by a model of extratropical cyclones characterized by back-bent and wrap-up warm fronts. This model has been developed with massive numerical calculations, and represents the contemporary stage of synoptic meteorology. In the era of large data, contemporary synoptic meteorology should be careful to maintain and make full use of the profound physical understanding generated during the neoteric stage of synoptic meteorology.展开更多
文摘为研究四川持续性强降水期间不同尺度系统相互作用机理和中尺度系统在其中扮演的重要角色,利用四川气象站点降水资料和欧洲中心再分析资料对四川省2016年7月18-23日持续性强降水天气过程进行了综合诊断分析。并运用Barnes带通滤波方法进行中尺度滤波,实现了中小尺度与大尺度的隔离。结果表明:500 h Pa副高两次西伸和东退,高原东传浅槽两次在盆地加深加强,高低空急流耦合,为降水提供大尺度环流背景。两次东移的西南涡是强降水的直接影响系统,流场上表现为低层中尺度气旋和高层中尺度反气旋,而降水间歇期则为中尺度高压控制。对降水场进行综合诊断分析可知,强降水期间层结处于高能不稳定状态,且水汽充沛,涡度和散度表现为低层气旋式辐合高层反气旋式辐散,配合深厚的垂直上升运动,为强降水提供有利的动力条件。
基金Supported by the China Meteorological Administration Special Public Welfare Research Fund(GYHY201306023)National(Key)Basic Research and Development(973)Program of China(2013CB430106)National Natural Science Foundation of China(41375051)
文摘The advance of fluid dynamics may be divided into four stages： ancient, classical, neoteric, and contem- porary. A similar four-stage framework can be used to describe the advance of synoptic meteorology, such as the conceptual models of extratropical cyclones and their attendant fronts. The first conceptual model of extratropical cyclones was proposed by Admiral FitzRoy in 1863. Based purely on Admiral FitzRoy＇s personal experience （although it does contain some scientific essentials）, this model represents the “ancient” stage of synoptic meteorology. The Norwegian cyclone model was developed based on Newtonian mechanics about 100 yr ago, and represents the classical stage of synoptic meteorology. This model was based on the idea that weather changes are primarily caused by baroclinicity, but contain some serious flaws. In particu- lar, the Norwegian model regards fronts as zeroth-order discontinuities in density, which is inconsistent with the continuity principle of fluid dynamics. The Chicago three-dimensional conceptual model of fronts and cyclones, which was developed approximately 50 yr ago by using quasi-geostrophic theory, can be thought of as representing the neoteric stage of synoptic meteorology. The Chicago model was replaced in the late 20th century by a model of extratropical cyclones characterized by back-bent and wrap-up warm fronts. This model has been developed with massive numerical calculations, and represents the contemporary stage of synoptic meteorology. In the era of large data, contemporary synoptic meteorology should be careful to maintain and make full use of the profound physical understanding generated during the neoteric stage of synoptic meteorology.
