Detection of gas decomposition products is widely used for condition diagnosis of SF6-insulated equipment because of its an- ti-electromagnetic-interference ability and high sensitivity. Previous investigations show t...Detection of gas decomposition products is widely used for condition diagnosis of SF6-insulated equipment because of its an- ti-electromagnetic-interference ability and high sensitivity. Previous investigations show that the volume of gas chamber influences the types and concentrations of SF6 decomposition products. Therefore using a newly developed dual gas chromatography (GC) detection sys- tem we investigated the discharge and decomposition of SF6 in a discharge chamber with its volume close to that of the real chambers in GIS. Tests in the chamber were performed with different applied voltage, different electrode arrangements, and different defect types. For discharge between needle-to-plane electrodes, the typical gas decomposition products are SO2F2, SO2 and S2OF10. A near linear growth with the increase of voltage duration is found in the concentration of SO2F2, whereas the growth rates of SO2 and S2OF10 concentration decrease with time. Concentrations of SO2F2, SO2 and S2OF10 at the same voltage duration decrease with the decrease of the voltage amplitude and the increase of the needle-to-plane distance. Change of the gas chamber volume affects the generation rates of SO2F2 and SO2, however not S2OF10. For insulator surface defects, the typical gas decomposition products are CF4, CS2 and SO2. Among which, the concentrations of CF4 and SO2 increase with the voltage duration almost linearly. Moreover, a new parameter that represents the degree of SF6 degradation, the SF6 deterioration ratio, is proposed. In the needle-to-plane case, SF6 deterioration ratio is positively correlated to the fitting value of an averaged discharge capacity. However, the maximum value of SF6 deterioration ratio varies with the defect type.展开更多
Transparent conductive oxide(TCO)films,known for their role as carrier transport layers in solar cells,can be adversely affected by hydrolysis products from encapsulants.In this study,we explored the morphology,optica...Transparent conductive oxide(TCO)films,known for their role as carrier transport layers in solar cells,can be adversely affected by hydrolysis products from encapsulants.In this study,we explored the morphology,optical-electrical properties,and deterioration mechanisms of In2O3-based TCO films under acetic acid stress.A reduction in film thickness and carrier concentration due to acid-induced corrosion was observed.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry analyses revealed that TCOs doped with less-reactive metals exhibited enhanced corrosion resistance.The efficiency of silicon heterojunction(SHJ)solar cells with tin-doped indium oxide,titanium-doped indium oxide,and zinc-doped indium oxide films decreased by 10%,26%,and 100%,respectively,after 200h of corrosion.We also found that tungsten-doped indium oxide could effectively safeguard SHJ solar cells against acetic acid corrosion,which offers a potential option for achieving long-term stability and lower levelized cost of solar cell systems.This research provides essential insights into selecting TCO films for solar cells and highlights the implications of ethylene-vinyl acetate hydrolysis for photovoltaic modules.展开更多
With specially designed hot rolling test equipment,the surface deterioration process of hot rolling mill rolls can be simulated and representative samples were obtained.Thus a series of micro-analyses can be done onto...With specially designed hot rolling test equipment,the surface deterioration process of hot rolling mill rolls can be simulated and representative samples were obtained.Thus a series of micro-analyses can be done onto the sample's worn surface,including wear loss,worn surface morphology,wear mode,oxidation and other influences from environment conditions.A leading study has been done with a high chromium cast iron to show the rolling test conditions and the methodologies of follow-up investigations for all the above-mentioned micro-analyses.Primary results have shown that high chromium iron roll may undergo complex degrading mechanism,and most of them can be investigated with the help of this research method-展开更多
This study investigated the deterioration of a lubricant-infused anodic aluminium oxide surface in a 1M NaCl solution for~200 days.Direct observation by cryo-SEM and quantitative analyses by UV spectroscopy and EIS re...This study investigated the deterioration of a lubricant-infused anodic aluminium oxide surface in a 1M NaCl solution for~200 days.Direct observation by cryo-SEM and quantitative analyses by UV spectroscopy and EIS revealed that the long-term deterioration of the lubricant-infused surface was divided into two stages:the surface-adhered lubricant layer gradually dissolved at a constant rate until the substrate was exposed;afterwards the lubricant infused in the nanochannels began to diffuse and was depleted after~200 days.The EIS results also revealed that the defects reduced the corrosion resistance of the lubricant-infused surface considerably.展开更多
基金Project supported by International Cooperation Project in Shaanxi Province of China (2012KW-01)
文摘Detection of gas decomposition products is widely used for condition diagnosis of SF6-insulated equipment because of its an- ti-electromagnetic-interference ability and high sensitivity. Previous investigations show that the volume of gas chamber influences the types and concentrations of SF6 decomposition products. Therefore using a newly developed dual gas chromatography (GC) detection sys- tem we investigated the discharge and decomposition of SF6 in a discharge chamber with its volume close to that of the real chambers in GIS. Tests in the chamber were performed with different applied voltage, different electrode arrangements, and different defect types. For discharge between needle-to-plane electrodes, the typical gas decomposition products are SO2F2, SO2 and S2OF10. A near linear growth with the increase of voltage duration is found in the concentration of SO2F2, whereas the growth rates of SO2 and S2OF10 concentration decrease with time. Concentrations of SO2F2, SO2 and S2OF10 at the same voltage duration decrease with the decrease of the voltage amplitude and the increase of the needle-to-plane distance. Change of the gas chamber volume affects the generation rates of SO2F2 and SO2, however not S2OF10. For insulator surface defects, the typical gas decomposition products are CF4, CS2 and SO2. Among which, the concentrations of CF4 and SO2 increase with the voltage duration almost linearly. Moreover, a new parameter that represents the degree of SF6 degradation, the SF6 deterioration ratio, is proposed. In the needle-to-plane case, SF6 deterioration ratio is positively correlated to the fitting value of an averaged discharge capacity. However, the maximum value of SF6 deterioration ratio varies with the defect type.
基金This work was supported by the Chunhui Program of the Ministry of Education of China(No.HZKY-20220555)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Nos.2023ZYD0163,2023YFG0098)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.T2322028)Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Display Science and Technology.The authors would like to thank Suzhou Ryder New Energy Technology Ltd.and all colleagues for their assistance.The authors would like to thank Shiyanjia Lab(www.shiyanjia.com)for the ICP-MS and XPS analysis.
文摘Transparent conductive oxide(TCO)films,known for their role as carrier transport layers in solar cells,can be adversely affected by hydrolysis products from encapsulants.In this study,we explored the morphology,optical-electrical properties,and deterioration mechanisms of In2O3-based TCO films under acetic acid stress.A reduction in film thickness and carrier concentration due to acid-induced corrosion was observed.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry analyses revealed that TCOs doped with less-reactive metals exhibited enhanced corrosion resistance.The efficiency of silicon heterojunction(SHJ)solar cells with tin-doped indium oxide,titanium-doped indium oxide,and zinc-doped indium oxide films decreased by 10%,26%,and 100%,respectively,after 200h of corrosion.We also found that tungsten-doped indium oxide could effectively safeguard SHJ solar cells against acetic acid corrosion,which offers a potential option for achieving long-term stability and lower levelized cost of solar cell systems.This research provides essential insights into selecting TCO films for solar cells and highlights the implications of ethylene-vinyl acetate hydrolysis for photovoltaic modules.
文摘With specially designed hot rolling test equipment,the surface deterioration process of hot rolling mill rolls can be simulated and representative samples were obtained.Thus a series of micro-analyses can be done onto the sample's worn surface,including wear loss,worn surface morphology,wear mode,oxidation and other influences from environment conditions.A leading study has been done with a high chromium cast iron to show the rolling test conditions and the methodologies of follow-up investigations for all the above-mentioned micro-analyses.Primary results have shown that high chromium iron roll may undergo complex degrading mechanism,and most of them can be investigated with the help of this research method-
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFE0203600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51771029)+1 种基金the Beijing Nova Program(Z171100001117076)the 111 Project(B17003)。
文摘This study investigated the deterioration of a lubricant-infused anodic aluminium oxide surface in a 1M NaCl solution for~200 days.Direct observation by cryo-SEM and quantitative analyses by UV spectroscopy and EIS revealed that the long-term deterioration of the lubricant-infused surface was divided into two stages:the surface-adhered lubricant layer gradually dissolved at a constant rate until the substrate was exposed;afterwards the lubricant infused in the nanochannels began to diffuse and was depleted after~200 days.The EIS results also revealed that the defects reduced the corrosion resistance of the lubricant-infused surface considerably.
