We investigated whether Nd_2O_3 treatment results in cytotoxicity and other underlying effects in rat NR8383 alveolar macrophages.Cell viability assessed by the MTT assay revealed that Nd_2O_3 was toxic in a dose-depe...We investigated whether Nd_2O_3 treatment results in cytotoxicity and other underlying effects in rat NR8383 alveolar macrophages.Cell viability assessed by the MTT assay revealed that Nd_2O_3 was toxic in a dose-dependent manner, but not in a time-dependent manner. An ELISA analysis indicated that exposure to Nd203 caused cell damage and enhanced synthesis and release of inflammatory chemokines. A Western blot analysis showed that protein expression levels of caspase-3, nuclear factor-KB （NF-KB） and its inhibitor IKB increased significantly in response to Nd203 treatment. Both NF-KB and caspase-3 signaling were activated, suggesting that both pathways are involved in Nd203 cytotoxicity.展开更多
采用离心、柱层析、氨基酸组成及序列分析、生物鉴定等方法,对具有杀虫活性的苏云金芽孢杆菌培养物上清液进行了研究。发现上清液中杀虫活性的出现时间与菌的自溶同步。上清液中含有的分子量为60-kDa 的蛋白是起杀虫作用的主成分,分离...采用离心、柱层析、氨基酸组成及序列分析、生物鉴定等方法,对具有杀虫活性的苏云金芽孢杆菌培养物上清液进行了研究。发现上清液中杀虫活性的出现时间与菌的自溶同步。上清液中含有的分子量为60-kDa 的蛋白是起杀虫作用的主成分,分离纯化该蛋白质,对其进行了氨基酸组分和 N 末端序列分析。结果表明,该蛋与 P1蛋白在 N 端有18个氨基酸的序列完全一致,氨基酸的组分相似,说明二者同源。同时还发现,上清液与沉淀混用能提高杀虫活性。展开更多
AIM To evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG supernatant(LGG-s) on the expression of serotonin transporter(SERT) in rats with post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS).METHODS Campylobacter jejuni 8...AIM To evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG supernatant(LGG-s) on the expression of serotonin transporter(SERT) in rats with post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS).METHODS Campylobacter jejuni 81-176(1010 CFU/m L) was used to induce intestinal infection to develop a PI-IBS model. After evaluation of the post-infectious phase by biochemical tests, Dn A agarose gel electrophoresis, abdominal withdrawal reflex(AWR) test, and the intestinal motility test, four PI-IBS groups received different concentrations of LGG-s for 4 wk. The treatments were maintained for 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 or 4.0 wk during the experiment, and the colons and brains were removed for later use each week. SERT m Rn A and protein levels were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively.RESULTS The levels of SERT m Rn A and protein in intestinal tissue were higher in rats treated with LGG-s than in control rats and PI-IBS rats gavaged with PBS during the whole study. Undiluted LGG-s up-regulated SERT m Rn A level by 2.67 times compared with the control group by week 2, and SERT m Rn A expression kept increasing later. Double-diluted LGG-s was similar to undiluted-LGG-s, resulting in high levels of SERT m Rn A. Triple-diluted LGG-s up-regulated SERT m Rn A expression level by 6.9-times compared with the control group, but SERT m Rn A expression decreased rapidly at the end of the second week. At the first week, SERT protein levels were basically comparable in rats treated with undiluted LGG-s, double-diluted LGG-s, and triplediluted LGG-s, which were higher than those in the control group and PBS-treated PI-IBS group. SERT protein levels in the intestine were also comparable in rats treated with undiluted LGG-s, double-diluted LGG-s, and triple-diluted LGG-s by the second and third weeks. SERT m Rn A and protein levels in the brain had no statistical difference in the groups during the experiment.CONCLUSION LGG-s can up-regulate SERT m Rn A and protein levels in intestinal tissue but has no influence in brain tissue in ra展开更多
N-dodecanoyl homoserine lactone（C（12）-HSL）was detected in the supernatant of an anammox granular sludge reactor（AGSR）.C（12）-HSL could enhance the specific anammox activity of anammox biomass.Adding C（12）-HSL...N-dodecanoyl homoserine lactone（C（12）-HSL）was detected in the supernatant of an anammox granular sludge reactor（AGSR）.C（12）-HSL could enhance the specific anammox activity of anammox biomass.Adding C（12）-HSL-containing AGSR supernatant into the continuously stirred tank reactors reduced the start-up time of the anammox process from80 to 66 days.Moreover,the nitrogen loading rate was also enhanced to 1.6 times that of the control reactor.AHLs could increase the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances and anammox obtained better enrichment with the addition of AHLs-containing AGSR supernatant.Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis further revealed that AHLs played a role in mediating microbial community parameters.In conclusion,adding AHL-containing supernatant could be an effective and economical way to accelerate the start-up of anammox.展开更多
BACKGROUND Bacillus subtilis(B.subtilis),Enterococcus faecium(E.faecium),and Enterococcus faecalis(E.faecalis)are probiotics that are widely used in the clinical treatment of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).Whether the ...BACKGROUND Bacillus subtilis(B.subtilis),Enterococcus faecium(E.faecium),and Enterococcus faecalis(E.faecalis)are probiotics that are widely used in the clinical treatment of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).Whether the supernatants of these three probiotics can improve gastrointestinal sensation and movement by regulating the serotonin transporter(SERT)expression needs to be clarified.AIM To investigate whether B.subtilis,E.faecium,and E.faecalis supernatants can upregulate SERT expression in vitro and in vivo.METHODS Caco-2 and HT-29 cells were stimulated with probiotic culture supernatants for 12 and 24 h,respectively.A male Sprague-Dawley rat model of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS)was established and the rats were treated with phosphate-buffered saline(group A)and three probiotics culture supernatants(groups B,C,and D)for 4 wk.The levels of SERT were detected by quantitative PCR and western blotting.RESULTS The levels of SERT at post-treatment 12 and 24 h were significantly elevated in Caco-2 cells treated with B.subtilis supernatant compared with those in the control group(aP<0.05).Those levels were markedly upregulated in Caco-2 cells stimulated with E.faecium and E.faecalis supernatants at 24 h(aP<0.05).In addition,SERT expression in groups B,C,and D was significantly higher than that in group A in the 2nd wk(aP<0.05).Increased SERT expression was only found in group D in the 3rd wk(aP<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in SERT expression between the groups in the last week(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The supernatants of B.subtilis,E.faecium,and E.faecalis can upregulate SERT expression in intestinal epithelial cells and the intestinal tissues in the rat model of PI-IBS.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[No.81660532,81260426]the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia[No.2016MS(LH)0822]+2 种基金the Science and Technology Plan Project in Inner Mongolia[No.201502080]the Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Baotou Medical College[BSJJ201621]the Scientific Research Foundation of Baotou Medical College[BYJJ-YF201613]
文摘We investigated whether Nd_2O_3 treatment results in cytotoxicity and other underlying effects in rat NR8383 alveolar macrophages.Cell viability assessed by the MTT assay revealed that Nd_2O_3 was toxic in a dose-dependent manner, but not in a time-dependent manner. An ELISA analysis indicated that exposure to Nd203 caused cell damage and enhanced synthesis and release of inflammatory chemokines. A Western blot analysis showed that protein expression levels of caspase-3, nuclear factor-KB （NF-KB） and its inhibitor IKB increased significantly in response to Nd203 treatment. Both NF-KB and caspase-3 signaling were activated, suggesting that both pathways are involved in Nd203 cytotoxicity.
文摘采用离心、柱层析、氨基酸组成及序列分析、生物鉴定等方法,对具有杀虫活性的苏云金芽孢杆菌培养物上清液进行了研究。发现上清液中杀虫活性的出现时间与菌的自溶同步。上清液中含有的分子量为60-kDa 的蛋白是起杀虫作用的主成分,分离纯化该蛋白质,对其进行了氨基酸组分和 N 末端序列分析。结果表明,该蛋与 P1蛋白在 N 端有18个氨基酸的序列完全一致,氨基酸的组分相似,说明二者同源。同时还发现,上清液与沉淀混用能提高杀虫活性。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81570489
文摘AIM To evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG supernatant(LGG-s) on the expression of serotonin transporter(SERT) in rats with post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS).METHODS Campylobacter jejuni 81-176(1010 CFU/m L) was used to induce intestinal infection to develop a PI-IBS model. After evaluation of the post-infectious phase by biochemical tests, Dn A agarose gel electrophoresis, abdominal withdrawal reflex(AWR) test, and the intestinal motility test, four PI-IBS groups received different concentrations of LGG-s for 4 wk. The treatments were maintained for 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 or 4.0 wk during the experiment, and the colons and brains were removed for later use each week. SERT m Rn A and protein levels were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively.RESULTS The levels of SERT m Rn A and protein in intestinal tissue were higher in rats treated with LGG-s than in control rats and PI-IBS rats gavaged with PBS during the whole study. Undiluted LGG-s up-regulated SERT m Rn A level by 2.67 times compared with the control group by week 2, and SERT m Rn A expression kept increasing later. Double-diluted LGG-s was similar to undiluted-LGG-s, resulting in high levels of SERT m Rn A. Triple-diluted LGG-s up-regulated SERT m Rn A expression level by 6.9-times compared with the control group, but SERT m Rn A expression decreased rapidly at the end of the second week. At the first week, SERT protein levels were basically comparable in rats treated with undiluted LGG-s, double-diluted LGG-s, and triplediluted LGG-s, which were higher than those in the control group and PBS-treated PI-IBS group. SERT protein levels in the intestine were also comparable in rats treated with undiluted LGG-s, double-diluted LGG-s, and triple-diluted LGG-s by the second and third weeks. SERT m Rn A and protein levels in the brain had no statistical difference in the groups during the experiment.CONCLUSION LGG-s can up-regulate SERT m Rn A and protein levels in intestinal tissue but has no influence in brain tissue in ra
基金supported by the Major State Science and Technology Water Projects (No. 2013ZX07202010)
文摘N-dodecanoyl homoserine lactone（C（12）-HSL）was detected in the supernatant of an anammox granular sludge reactor（AGSR）.C（12）-HSL could enhance the specific anammox activity of anammox biomass.Adding C（12）-HSL-containing AGSR supernatant into the continuously stirred tank reactors reduced the start-up time of the anammox process from80 to 66 days.Moreover,the nitrogen loading rate was also enhanced to 1.6 times that of the control reactor.AHLs could increase the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances and anammox obtained better enrichment with the addition of AHLs-containing AGSR supernatant.Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis further revealed that AHLs played a role in mediating microbial community parameters.In conclusion,adding AHL-containing supernatant could be an effective and economical way to accelerate the start-up of anammox.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81570489and the Youth Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81900487.
文摘BACKGROUND Bacillus subtilis(B.subtilis),Enterococcus faecium(E.faecium),and Enterococcus faecalis(E.faecalis)are probiotics that are widely used in the clinical treatment of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).Whether the supernatants of these three probiotics can improve gastrointestinal sensation and movement by regulating the serotonin transporter(SERT)expression needs to be clarified.AIM To investigate whether B.subtilis,E.faecium,and E.faecalis supernatants can upregulate SERT expression in vitro and in vivo.METHODS Caco-2 and HT-29 cells were stimulated with probiotic culture supernatants for 12 and 24 h,respectively.A male Sprague-Dawley rat model of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS)was established and the rats were treated with phosphate-buffered saline(group A)and three probiotics culture supernatants(groups B,C,and D)for 4 wk.The levels of SERT were detected by quantitative PCR and western blotting.RESULTS The levels of SERT at post-treatment 12 and 24 h were significantly elevated in Caco-2 cells treated with B.subtilis supernatant compared with those in the control group(aP<0.05).Those levels were markedly upregulated in Caco-2 cells stimulated with E.faecium and E.faecalis supernatants at 24 h(aP<0.05).In addition,SERT expression in groups B,C,and D was significantly higher than that in group A in the 2nd wk(aP<0.05).Increased SERT expression was only found in group D in the 3rd wk(aP<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in SERT expression between the groups in the last week(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The supernatants of B.subtilis,E.faecium,and E.faecalis can upregulate SERT expression in intestinal epithelial cells and the intestinal tissues in the rat model of PI-IBS.
