The present work is a visualization study of a typical kerosene （RP-3） flowing through vertical and horizontal quartz-glass tubes under both sub- and supercritical conditions by a high speed camera. The experiments ...The present work is a visualization study of a typical kerosene （RP-3） flowing through vertical and horizontal quartz-glass tubes under both sub- and supercritical conditions by a high speed camera. The experiments are accomplished at temperatures of 300-730 K under pressures from 0.107-5 MPa. Six distinctive two-phase flow patterns are observed in upward flow and the critical point of RP-3 is identified as critical pressure pc=2.33 MPa and critical temperature Tc=645.04 K and it is found that when the fluid pressure exceeds 2.33 MPa the flow can be considered as a single phase flow. The critical opalescence phenomenon of RP-3 is observed when the temperature is between 643.16 K and 648.61 K and the pressure is between 2.308 MPa and 2.366 MPa. The region filled by the critical opalescence in the upward flow is clearly larger than that in the downward flow due to the interaction between the buoyancy force and fluid inertia. Morecover, obvious layered flow phenomenon is observed in horizontal flow under supercritical pressures due to the differences of gravity and density.展开更多
文摘水动力特性及流动不稳定性的准确计算和分析,对660MW超超临界CFB锅炉水冷壁的优化设计和安全运行具有重要意义。针对我国自主开发的660 MW超超临界CFB锅炉设计方案,将其水冷壁系统等效为由流量回路、压力节点和连接管组成的流动网络系统,根据质量守恒、能量守恒和动量守恒方程建立了水动力计算数学模型,在此基础上对其4个负荷下的水动力特性进行了计算分析。同时建立了适用于超超临界锅炉流动不稳定性计算分析的一维单通道通用数值计算模型,选取25%锅炉最大连续出力(boiler maximum continue rate,BMCR)负荷下的危险回路进行了流动不稳定性的计算分析。计算结果表明,超超临界CFB锅炉水冷壁系统的总压降低于煤粉炉的压降;水冷壁流量分配呈正响应特性,4个负荷下最大的流量偏差为20.98%;最大的出口工质温度偏差出现在后墙,为8.4℃;各负荷下的壁温均处于管子材料的允许温度范围之内,不会出现高温爆管的现象;水冷壁不会发生流动不稳定性,锅炉的运行是安全可靠的。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(50676005)
文摘The present work is a visualization study of a typical kerosene （RP-3） flowing through vertical and horizontal quartz-glass tubes under both sub- and supercritical conditions by a high speed camera. The experiments are accomplished at temperatures of 300-730 K under pressures from 0.107-5 MPa. Six distinctive two-phase flow patterns are observed in upward flow and the critical point of RP-3 is identified as critical pressure pc=2.33 MPa and critical temperature Tc=645.04 K and it is found that when the fluid pressure exceeds 2.33 MPa the flow can be considered as a single phase flow. The critical opalescence phenomenon of RP-3 is observed when the temperature is between 643.16 K and 648.61 K and the pressure is between 2.308 MPa and 2.366 MPa. The region filled by the critical opalescence in the upward flow is clearly larger than that in the downward flow due to the interaction between the buoyancy force and fluid inertia. Morecover, obvious layered flow phenomenon is observed in horizontal flow under supercritical pressures due to the differences of gravity and density.
