The spatial and temporal variations in soil respiration and its relationship with biophysical factors In forests near the Tropic of Cancer remain highly uncertain. To contribute towards an Improvement of actual estima...The spatial and temporal variations in soil respiration and its relationship with biophysical factors In forests near the Tropic of Cancer remain highly uncertain. To contribute towards an Improvement of actual estimates, soil respiration rates, soil temperature, and soil moisture were measured In three successional subtropical forests at the Dlnghuahan Nature Reserve （DNR） In southern China from March 2003 to February 2005. The overall objective of the present study was to analyze the temporal variations of soil respiration and Its biophysical dependence in these forests. The relationships between biophysical factors and soil respiration rates were compared In successional forests to test the hypothesis that these forests responded similarly to biophysical factors. The seasonality of soil respiration coincided with the seasonal climate pattern, with high respiration rates in the hot humid season （April-September） and with low rates In the cool dry season （October-March）. Soil respiration measured at these forests showed a clear Increasing trend with the progressive succession. Annual mean （± SD） soil respiration rate In the DNR forests was （9.0 ± 4.6） Mg CO2-C/hm^2 per year, ranging from （6.1 ± 3.2） Mg CO2-C/hm^2 per year in early successional forests to （10.7 ± 4.9） Mg CO2-C/hm^2 per year in advanced successional forests. Soil respiration was correlated with both soil temperature and moisture. The T/M model, where the two biophysical variables are driving factors, accounted for 74%-82% of soil respiration variation In DNR forests. Temperature sensitivity decreased along progressive succession stages, suggesting that advanced-successional forests have a good ability to adjust to temperature. In contrast, moisture Increased with progressive succession processes. This increase is caused, in part, by abundant respirators In advanced-successional forest, where more soil moisture is needed to maintain their activities.展开更多
为研究亚热带不同森林植被类型土壤固碳微生物特征及其影响因子,选取毛竹林(Moso banboo groves)、阔叶林(Broad-leaved forest)、杉木林(Chinese fir forest)和马尾松林(Masson pine forest)等4种森林植被为研究对象,以cbbL为固碳细菌...为研究亚热带不同森林植被类型土壤固碳微生物特征及其影响因子,选取毛竹林(Moso banboo groves)、阔叶林(Broad-leaved forest)、杉木林(Chinese fir forest)和马尾松林(Masson pine forest)等4种森林植被为研究对象,以cbbL为固碳细菌指示基因,利用实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time quantitative PCR)和MiSeq高通量测序为研究手段。结果表明,4种林分土壤的细菌16S rRNA基因和固碳细菌cbbL基因丰度范围分别是5.40×10^(10)~2.81×10^(11) copies·g^(-1)干土和4.55×10^(8)~3.53×10^(9) copies·g^(-1)干土,其中毛竹林显著高于其他三种林分(P<0.05);基因丰度显著关联的环境因子是阔叶林土壤的有效磷、不同土层的pH(P<0.05)。杉木林土壤固碳细菌多样性显著低于其他3种林分(P<0.05),其亚表层土壤高于表层(P<0.05);双因子分析表明,林型、土层之间土壤固碳细菌多样性均存在显著或极显著差异。所有土壤具有相似的优势属但相对丰度不同,其中毛竹林和杉木林土壤的甲基化石油杆菌属(Methylibium)和诺卡菌属(Nocardia)占比明显高于阔叶林和马尾松林。冗余分析结果显示,不同林分土壤pH、土壤有机碳、有效磷、全氮差异是影响土壤固碳细菌群落特征形成的主要因素。综上,4种植被对土壤固碳微生物数量及群落结构多样性影响明显,从土壤理化性质、固碳细菌基因丰度、多样性以及结构特征等多维度结果证明,毛竹林对土壤肥力以及固碳细菌影响效果最好,固碳微生物对毛竹林土壤有机质积累贡献大于阔叶林,定量结论有待进一步研究。展开更多
Along with more and more serious reductions of forest areas and biodiversity in tropical and subtropical forests,especially with the spring up of molecular ecology and the advance of this tool used in tropical and sub...Along with more and more serious reductions of forest areas and biodiversity in tropical and subtropical forests,especially with the spring up of molecular ecology and the advance of this tool used in tropical and subtropical plant populations,the research of genetic structure and genetic diversity in the forests has been focused on in modern ecological topics.Molecular markers are of the utmost importance and efficiency to revealing the ecologically essential aspects,genetic structure,population genetic differentiation in processing communities,coevolution,speciation and the ecological efficiency of transgenic plants.Strengthening molecular marker utility in forest ecology is necessary and widely perspective on forest management and biodiversity conservation,whatever for the theory or applilation of ecology.展开更多
Species of the Ericaceae or heath family are widely distribute in continental ecosystems and their special ericoid mycorrhizas(ERM)are considered benefi cial to their survival and persistence in variable habitats.Curr...Species of the Ericaceae or heath family are widely distribute in continental ecosystems and their special ericoid mycorrhizas(ERM)are considered benefi cial to their survival and persistence in variable habitats.Currently,increasing anthropogenic disturbances and improper forest management are aff ecting subtropical forests of China where these native species located.These activities not only aff ect plant communities above-ground,but also impose pressures on microbial communities below-ground.In this study,rootassociated fungal communities of Rhododendron simsii in four forest types under diff erent anthropogenic disturbances were identifi ed using an Illumina Miseq platform,i.e.,old growth forests,secondary forests with one cutting(SECⅠ),secondary forests with two cuttings(SECⅡ),and Chinesefi r plantations(PLF).Intra-and inter-annual variations were analyzed by comparing samples taken in diff erent seasons and years.The results show that:(1)over 1000 OTUs were found in hair roots with most from the division Ascomycota and Basidiomycota belonging to diff erent functional groups;(2)while there were a few indicator OTUs specifi c to diff erent forest types,seasons and years,the proportion of shared taxa was quite large,accounting for 44.9–79.4%of the total OTUs;(3)signifi cantly positive correlations were found between disturbance sensitivity and temporal variations in common fungal orders,and both in major fungal orders were signifi cantly diff erent among fungal functional groups in which putative and possible ERM fungi were highly resistant to disturbances and low temporal variations.The high disturbance resistance and temporal persistence of putative ERM fungi may be essential for the successful adaptation of R.simsii in disturbed subtropical forests of China.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30470306, 30570350)Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KSCX2-SW-120)
文摘The spatial and temporal variations in soil respiration and its relationship with biophysical factors In forests near the Tropic of Cancer remain highly uncertain. To contribute towards an Improvement of actual estimates, soil respiration rates, soil temperature, and soil moisture were measured In three successional subtropical forests at the Dlnghuahan Nature Reserve （DNR） In southern China from March 2003 to February 2005. The overall objective of the present study was to analyze the temporal variations of soil respiration and Its biophysical dependence in these forests. The relationships between biophysical factors and soil respiration rates were compared In successional forests to test the hypothesis that these forests responded similarly to biophysical factors. The seasonality of soil respiration coincided with the seasonal climate pattern, with high respiration rates in the hot humid season （April-September） and with low rates In the cool dry season （October-March）. Soil respiration measured at these forests showed a clear Increasing trend with the progressive succession. Annual mean （± SD） soil respiration rate In the DNR forests was （9.0 ± 4.6） Mg CO2-C/hm^2 per year, ranging from （6.1 ± 3.2） Mg CO2-C/hm^2 per year in early successional forests to （10.7 ± 4.9） Mg CO2-C/hm^2 per year in advanced successional forests. Soil respiration was correlated with both soil temperature and moisture. The T/M model, where the two biophysical variables are driving factors, accounted for 74%-82% of soil respiration variation In DNR forests. Temperature sensitivity decreased along progressive succession stages, suggesting that advanced-successional forests have a good ability to adjust to temperature. In contrast, moisture Increased with progressive succession processes. This increase is caused, in part, by abundant respirators In advanced-successional forest, where more soil moisture is needed to maintain their activities.
文摘Along with more and more serious reductions of forest areas and biodiversity in tropical and subtropical forests,especially with the spring up of molecular ecology and the advance of this tool used in tropical and subtropical plant populations,the research of genetic structure and genetic diversity in the forests has been focused on in modern ecological topics.Molecular markers are of the utmost importance and efficiency to revealing the ecologically essential aspects,genetic structure,population genetic differentiation in processing communities,coevolution,speciation and the ecological efficiency of transgenic plants.Strengthening molecular marker utility in forest ecology is necessary and widely perspective on forest management and biodiversity conservation,whatever for the theory or applilation of ecology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31170469 and 31700476)Zhejiang Natural Science Foundation(LY19C030002)the Technology Division of Shaoxing(2017B70061)
文摘Species of the Ericaceae or heath family are widely distribute in continental ecosystems and their special ericoid mycorrhizas(ERM)are considered benefi cial to their survival and persistence in variable habitats.Currently,increasing anthropogenic disturbances and improper forest management are aff ecting subtropical forests of China where these native species located.These activities not only aff ect plant communities above-ground,but also impose pressures on microbial communities below-ground.In this study,rootassociated fungal communities of Rhododendron simsii in four forest types under diff erent anthropogenic disturbances were identifi ed using an Illumina Miseq platform,i.e.,old growth forests,secondary forests with one cutting(SECⅠ),secondary forests with two cuttings(SECⅡ),and Chinesefi r plantations(PLF).Intra-and inter-annual variations were analyzed by comparing samples taken in diff erent seasons and years.The results show that:(1)over 1000 OTUs were found in hair roots with most from the division Ascomycota and Basidiomycota belonging to diff erent functional groups;(2)while there were a few indicator OTUs specifi c to diff erent forest types,seasons and years,the proportion of shared taxa was quite large,accounting for 44.9–79.4%of the total OTUs;(3)signifi cantly positive correlations were found between disturbance sensitivity and temporal variations in common fungal orders,and both in major fungal orders were signifi cantly diff erent among fungal functional groups in which putative and possible ERM fungi were highly resistant to disturbances and low temporal variations.The high disturbance resistance and temporal persistence of putative ERM fungi may be essential for the successful adaptation of R.simsii in disturbed subtropical forests of China.
