The damages of building structures subjected to multifarious explosions cause huge losses of lives and property. It is the reason why the blast resistance and explosion protection of building structures become an impo...The damages of building structures subjected to multifarious explosions cause huge losses of lives and property. It is the reason why the blast resistance and explosion protection of building structures become an important research topic in the civil engineering field all over the world. This paper provides an overview of the research work in China on blast loads effect on building structures. It includes modeling blast shock wave propagation and their effects, the dynamic responses of various building structures under blast loads and the measures to strengthen the building structures against blast loads. The paper also discusses the achievements and further work that needs be done for a better understanding of the blast loads' effects on building structures, and for deriving effective and economic techniques to design new or to strengthen existing structures.展开更多
提出多载荷时间历程的外推方法,给出车下设备承载结构疲劳试验载荷谱编制方法。基于载荷时间历程的雨流计数矩阵,利用二维核密度估计方法(Kernel density estimation,KDE),提出在多载荷时间历程输入条件下的外推方法;应用平均应力修正...提出多载荷时间历程的外推方法,给出车下设备承载结构疲劳试验载荷谱编制方法。基于载荷时间历程的雨流计数矩阵,利用二维核密度估计方法(Kernel density estimation,KDE),提出在多载荷时间历程输入条件下的外推方法;应用平均应力修正公式、累积损伤理论和等效损伤准则,根据外推载荷数据,给出疲劳试验程序谱的编制方法;结合动车组车下设备线路测试数据对外推方法进行验证,编制了车下设备承载结构疲劳试验程序谱,并分别使用疲劳试验程序谱和振动测试数据对承载结构进行疲劳强度计算。数据外推结果表明:多载荷时间历程外推方法计算的损伤与实际载荷损伤误差为3.6%,大的扩展倍数下KDE可以给出低周、大幅值载荷;疲劳强度计算结果表明:由于KDE外推产生了大幅值载荷,疲劳试验程序谱计算的损伤比振动测试数据计算的损伤增加了43.8%,所以,在进行疲劳试验载荷谱编制时,需要计算可能出现的大幅值载荷。此研究为其他结构程序载荷谱的编制提供借鉴案例。展开更多
以福州地铁1号线盾构隧道下穿洗马桥的桩基主动托换工程为依托,针对桥梁上部结构-桩身-土体三者共同组成的复杂超静定结构,运用数值模拟方法和现场实测数据,分析了在不同顶升荷载作用下复杂超静定结构的内力与位移响应,重点讨论了托换...以福州地铁1号线盾构隧道下穿洗马桥的桩基主动托换工程为依托,针对桥梁上部结构-桩身-土体三者共同组成的复杂超静定结构,运用数值模拟方法和现场实测数据,分析了在不同顶升荷载作用下复杂超静定结构的内力与位移响应,重点讨论了托换过程中上、下部结构的相对刚度及其对顶升荷载的影响;根据顶升荷载作用点以下桩身轴力接近0的条件,确定了桥墩盖梁与薄壁桥台梁两种典型工况下的桩基顶升荷载分别为1 800 k N和2 600 k N。现场监测结果表明,顶升过程中上部结构的位移值和桩身轴力变化值,均与计算结果吻合较好。在此基础上,提出基于上、下部结构刚度比的顶升荷载简化计算方法,研究结果可为类似复杂超静定结构的桩基主动托换工程提供参考和借鉴。展开更多
基金Supported by National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China (No. 50425824)
文摘The damages of building structures subjected to multifarious explosions cause huge losses of lives and property. It is the reason why the blast resistance and explosion protection of building structures become an important research topic in the civil engineering field all over the world. This paper provides an overview of the research work in China on blast loads effect on building structures. It includes modeling blast shock wave propagation and their effects, the dynamic responses of various building structures under blast loads and the measures to strengthen the building structures against blast loads. The paper also discusses the achievements and further work that needs be done for a better understanding of the blast loads' effects on building structures, and for deriving effective and economic techniques to design new or to strengthen existing structures.
文摘提出多载荷时间历程的外推方法,给出车下设备承载结构疲劳试验载荷谱编制方法。基于载荷时间历程的雨流计数矩阵,利用二维核密度估计方法(Kernel density estimation,KDE),提出在多载荷时间历程输入条件下的外推方法;应用平均应力修正公式、累积损伤理论和等效损伤准则,根据外推载荷数据,给出疲劳试验程序谱的编制方法;结合动车组车下设备线路测试数据对外推方法进行验证,编制了车下设备承载结构疲劳试验程序谱,并分别使用疲劳试验程序谱和振动测试数据对承载结构进行疲劳强度计算。数据外推结果表明:多载荷时间历程外推方法计算的损伤与实际载荷损伤误差为3.6%,大的扩展倍数下KDE可以给出低周、大幅值载荷;疲劳强度计算结果表明:由于KDE外推产生了大幅值载荷,疲劳试验程序谱计算的损伤比振动测试数据计算的损伤增加了43.8%,所以,在进行疲劳试验载荷谱编制时,需要计算可能出现的大幅值载荷。此研究为其他结构程序载荷谱的编制提供借鉴案例。
文摘以福州地铁1号线盾构隧道下穿洗马桥的桩基主动托换工程为依托,针对桥梁上部结构-桩身-土体三者共同组成的复杂超静定结构,运用数值模拟方法和现场实测数据,分析了在不同顶升荷载作用下复杂超静定结构的内力与位移响应,重点讨论了托换过程中上、下部结构的相对刚度及其对顶升荷载的影响;根据顶升荷载作用点以下桩身轴力接近0的条件,确定了桥墩盖梁与薄壁桥台梁两种典型工况下的桩基顶升荷载分别为1 800 k N和2 600 k N。现场监测结果表明,顶升过程中上部结构的位移值和桩身轴力变化值,均与计算结果吻合较好。在此基础上,提出基于上、下部结构刚度比的顶升荷载简化计算方法,研究结果可为类似复杂超静定结构的桩基主动托换工程提供参考和借鉴。
