Variations of sedimentation rate within a basin over geologic time are a time series that can be filtered into several cyclic wave curves. Based on back-stripping and the empirical mode decomposition method, the cores...Variations of sedimentation rate within a basin over geologic time are a time series that can be filtered into several cyclic wave curves. Based on back-stripping and the empirical mode decomposition method, the cores from 14 wells in the Tarim Basin were selected to do filtering analysis. Four cycles or quasi-cycles （33 Ma, 64.4 Ma, 103.6 Ma, and 224 Ma） were obtained. Among these, the 33 Ma period, which was related to the internal earth activity, an external force, or a combination of the two, was the most obvious. The 64.4 Ma period corresponded to the solar system crossing the galaxy plane or the periodic melting of inner-earth material. The 103.6 Ma period was related with plate collisional tectonism around the Tarim Plate. The 224 Ma period was related to one galaxy year and may also be related to the aesthenospherical convection cycle.展开更多
Some factors effected on heterogeneous hydrothermal stripping from iron-loaded organic phase of naphthenic acid-isooctyl alcohol-kerosene,such as the concentrations of initial iron and naphthenic acid,the weight of&qu...Some factors effected on heterogeneous hydrothermal stripping from iron-loaded organic phase of naphthenic acid-isooctyl alcohol-kerosene,such as the concentrations of initial iron and naphthenic acid,the weight of"seed"of Fe2O3,temperature and time,were investigated.The process rate equation and the relation between stripping percent and time needed were established.The results showed the proces activation energy was 114 kJ·mol-1 and the heterogeneous hydrothermal stripping was controlled by the hydrolysis of naphthenic compound of iron.展开更多
文章采用恒界面法对乳化液膜分离Cr(Ⅲ)的液膜内相反萃步骤进行了研究,考察了搅拌速度、温度、界面面积、水相p H值、DEHPA[二(2-乙基己基)磷酸]浓度和络合物浓度对反萃速率的影响,得到反萃反应的动力学与热力学数据,并推导出反萃的反...文章采用恒界面法对乳化液膜分离Cr(Ⅲ)的液膜内相反萃步骤进行了研究,考察了搅拌速度、温度、界面面积、水相p H值、DEHPA[二(2-乙基己基)磷酸]浓度和络合物浓度对反萃速率的影响,得到反萃反应的动力学与热力学数据,并推导出反萃的反应机理。实验结果表明:搅拌速度大于0.45 m/s时出现与搅拌强度无关的化学反应控制"坪区",且反萃速率与界面面积成正比,此时反应属于扩散和化学反应共同控制,并且反应主要发生在相界面上;由温度与反萃速率的关系得知,该反萃反应是一个放热反应,反应的活化能Ea=24.25 k J/mol,焓变ΔH=-55.85 k J/mol,熵变ΔS=-566.37 J/mol,在T=308 K时ΔG=118.59 k J/mol;在控制步骤反应式中,DEHPA反应级数为0,络合物浓度和水相氢离子的反应级数为1,并推导出反萃反应的控制步骤的方程式为r=k0[Cr(OH)2HL2(o)][H+(w)]。展开更多
Tributyl phosphate(TBP) was employed for the Bi(Ⅲ) extraction from hydrochloric acid medium.The effects of extraction time and material concentration were examined.The replacement mechanism between the anion(Cl^-) an...Tributyl phosphate(TBP) was employed for the Bi(Ⅲ) extraction from hydrochloric acid medium.The effects of extraction time and material concentration were examined.The replacement mechanism between the anion(Cl^-) and TBP was proposed for extraction.The results show the species extracted into the organic phase were found to be mainly BiCl_3·x TBP(x=2 or 3).Thermodynamic parameters of the extraction reaction were obtained from the thermodynamics analysis,which illustrates that higher temperatures show a negative effect on the extraction.Extraction isotherm was obtained with 2.16 mol/L TBP for a typical solution containing 0.1 mol/L of bismuth and 1.0 mol/L of hydrochloric acid.About 98.5 % of bismuth has been extracted from the leaching solution under the optimum condition.Moreover,oxalate was explored as a precipitation stripping agent for BiCl_3·x TBP(x=2 or 3) complexes,by which Bi(Ⅲ) was stripped in the form of Bi_2(C_2O_4)_3·7H_2O.A stripping efficiency of 99.3% was obtained in only one stage at the phase ratio of 1 and TBP also could be recycled.Therefore,the method is an efficient,effective and highly selective approach to extract Bi(Ⅲ) and to recover metal bismuth.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.41172124)the Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute,Sinopec Company Ltd
文摘Variations of sedimentation rate within a basin over geologic time are a time series that can be filtered into several cyclic wave curves. Based on back-stripping and the empirical mode decomposition method, the cores from 14 wells in the Tarim Basin were selected to do filtering analysis. Four cycles or quasi-cycles （33 Ma, 64.4 Ma, 103.6 Ma, and 224 Ma） were obtained. Among these, the 33 Ma period, which was related to the internal earth activity, an external force, or a combination of the two, was the most obvious. The 64.4 Ma period corresponded to the solar system crossing the galaxy plane or the periodic melting of inner-earth material. The 103.6 Ma period was related with plate collisional tectonism around the Tarim Plate. The 224 Ma period was related to one galaxy year and may also be related to the aesthenospherical convection cycle.
文摘Some factors effected on heterogeneous hydrothermal stripping from iron-loaded organic phase of naphthenic acid-isooctyl alcohol-kerosene,such as the concentrations of initial iron and naphthenic acid,the weight of"seed"of Fe2O3,temperature and time,were investigated.The process rate equation and the relation between stripping percent and time needed were established.The results showed the proces activation energy was 114 kJ·mol-1 and the heterogeneous hydrothermal stripping was controlled by the hydrolysis of naphthenic compound of iron.
文摘文章采用恒界面法对乳化液膜分离Cr(Ⅲ)的液膜内相反萃步骤进行了研究,考察了搅拌速度、温度、界面面积、水相p H值、DEHPA[二(2-乙基己基)磷酸]浓度和络合物浓度对反萃速率的影响,得到反萃反应的动力学与热力学数据,并推导出反萃的反应机理。实验结果表明:搅拌速度大于0.45 m/s时出现与搅拌强度无关的化学反应控制"坪区",且反萃速率与界面面积成正比,此时反应属于扩散和化学反应共同控制,并且反应主要发生在相界面上;由温度与反萃速率的关系得知,该反萃反应是一个放热反应,反应的活化能Ea=24.25 k J/mol,焓变ΔH=-55.85 k J/mol,熵变ΔS=-566.37 J/mol,在T=308 K时ΔG=118.59 k J/mol;在控制步骤反应式中,DEHPA反应级数为0,络合物浓度和水相氢离子的反应级数为1,并推导出反萃反应的控制步骤的方程式为r=k0[Cr(OH)2HL2(o)][H+(w)]。
基金Project(2011AA061002)supported by the High-Tech Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(2010SK2010)supported by the Key Program of Science and Technology of Hunan Province,ChinaProject supported by the Hunan Nonferrous Metals Fund,China
文摘Tributyl phosphate(TBP) was employed for the Bi(Ⅲ) extraction from hydrochloric acid medium.The effects of extraction time and material concentration were examined.The replacement mechanism between the anion(Cl^-) and TBP was proposed for extraction.The results show the species extracted into the organic phase were found to be mainly BiCl_3·x TBP(x=2 or 3).Thermodynamic parameters of the extraction reaction were obtained from the thermodynamics analysis,which illustrates that higher temperatures show a negative effect on the extraction.Extraction isotherm was obtained with 2.16 mol/L TBP for a typical solution containing 0.1 mol/L of bismuth and 1.0 mol/L of hydrochloric acid.About 98.5 % of bismuth has been extracted from the leaching solution under the optimum condition.Moreover,oxalate was explored as a precipitation stripping agent for BiCl_3·x TBP(x=2 or 3) complexes,by which Bi(Ⅲ) was stripped in the form of Bi_2(C_2O_4)_3·7H_2O.A stripping efficiency of 99.3% was obtained in only one stage at the phase ratio of 1 and TBP also could be recycled.Therefore,the method is an efficient,effective and highly selective approach to extract Bi(Ⅲ) and to recover metal bismuth.
