As one of the most important realizations of stimulated emission depletion(STED)microscopy,the continuous-wave(CW)STED system,constructed by using CW lasers as the excitation and STED beams,has been investigated and d...As one of the most important realizations of stimulated emission depletion(STED)microscopy,the continuous-wave(CW)STED system,constructed by using CW lasers as the excitation and STED beams,has been investigated and developed for nearly a decade.However,a theoretical model of the suppression factors in CW STED has not been well established.In this investigation,the factors that affect the spatial resolution of a CW STED system are theoretically and numerically studied.The full-width-at-half-maximum(FWHM)of a CW STED with a doughnut-shaped STED beam is also reanalyzed.It is found that the suppression function is dominated by the ratio of the local STED and excitation beam intensities.In addition,the FWHM is highly sensitive to both the fluorescence rate(inverse of fluoresce lifetime)and the quenching rate,but insensitive to the rate of vibrational relaxation.For comparison,the suppression function in picosecond STED is only determined by the distribution of the STED beam intensity scaled with the saturation intensity.Our model is highly consistent with published experimental data for evaluating the spatial resolution.This investigation is important in guiding the development of new CW STED systems.展开更多
目的探讨E1A激活基因阻遏子(CREG1)蛋白能否改善心肌纤维化小鼠的心功能。方法应用基因打靶方法建立广泛性基因敲除的CREG1杂合子小鼠和CREG1野生型小鼠模型。应用血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)皮下埋泵方法建立小鼠心肌纤维化损伤模型,给予Ang...目的探讨E1A激活基因阻遏子(CREG1)蛋白能否改善心肌纤维化小鼠的心功能。方法应用基因打靶方法建立广泛性基因敲除的CREG1杂合子小鼠和CREG1野生型小鼠模型。应用血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)皮下埋泵方法建立小鼠心肌纤维化损伤模型,给予AngⅡ刺激14d后,采用HE和Masson染色检测小鼠心肌纤维化情况。应用Western blotting和免疫组化染色技术检测给予AngⅡ前及3、7、14d后两组小鼠心肌中CREG1蛋白的表达,并于给予AngⅡ14d后应用小动物超声仪检测心功能情况。AngⅡ给药同时,以皮下埋泵方式分别给予15、30、60、300μg/(kg·d)的外源性重组CREG1蛋白(治疗组)和生理盐水(对照组)14d,检测心功能,并应用TUNEL染色和Western blotting检测心肌凋亡情况。结果 Western blotting和免疫组化检测结果显示,未给予AngⅡ刺激时杂合子小鼠心肌中CREG1蛋白表达明显低于野生型小鼠(P<0.05)。给予AngⅡ刺激3、7、14d时,野生型小鼠和杂合子小鼠心肌中CREG1蛋白表达均明显下降(P<0.05),但杂合子小鼠下降更为显著(P<0.01);HE和Masson染色显示杂合子小鼠心肌纤维化程度较野生型小鼠严重,二者心功能明显下降,且杂合子小鼠心功能下降更为明显(P<0.05)。给予外源性重组CREG1蛋白治疗后,治疗组心功能较对照组明显改善(P<0.05),心肌凋亡数量明显下降(P<0.05)。结论在AngⅡ引起的小鼠心肌纤维化模型中,CREG1蛋白减少可使小鼠心功能损伤加重,给予外源性重组CREG1蛋白可明显改善心功能。展开更多
Objective: To investigate the therapeutic potency of recombinant human Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) in a rabbit myocardial infarction model. Methods: A myocardial infarction was created by...Objective: To investigate the therapeutic potency of recombinant human Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) in a rabbit myocardial infarction model. Methods: A myocardial infarction was created by the ligation of the major ventricular branch of the left coronary artery in rabbits. After myocardial infarction, the animals were randomly assigned to GM-CSF treatment group, untreated groups and sham-operated group. The rabbits of the treated group were injected into GM-CSF by subcutaneous administration, 10 μg/kg/day, once a day for 5 days. The untreated and sham-operated group received a equal saline in the same manner as treated group. Six weeks later echocardiography and haemodynamic assessment were undertaken to assesse cardiac function. The size of the infarct region of the heart were also studied. Results: The untreated group exhibited significant higher left ventricle end-diastolic pressure, higher central venous pressure, and with significant lower mean blood pressure, lower peak first derivative of left ventricle pressure (dP/dt) than the sham group. Also, Rabbits in untreated group display significant systolic dysfunction shown by the decreased ejection fraction, diastolic dysfunction shown by increasing in the ratio of E wave to A wave (E/A), and display left ventricle enlargement. However, GS-CSF singnificantly prevented heart dysfunction, left ventricle enlargement, and reduced infarct size in treatment group. Conclusion: Administration GM-CSF after cardiac infarction can improve heart function. These findings indicate the technique may be a novel and simple therapeutic method for ischemic myocardium.展开更多
Hemiparesis is one of the most common consequences of stroke. Advanced rehabilitation techniques are essential for restoring motor function in hemiplegic patients. Functional electrical stimulation applied to the affe...Hemiparesis is one of the most common consequences of stroke. Advanced rehabilitation techniques are essential for restoring motor function in hemiplegic patients. Functional electrical stimulation applied to the affected limb based on myoelectric signal from the unaffected limb is a promising therapy for hemiplegia. In this study, we developed a prototype system for evaluating this novel functional electrical stimulation-control strategy. Based on surface electromyography and a vector machine model, a self-administered, muki-movement, force-modulation functional electrical stimulation-prototype system for hemiplegia was implemented. This paper discusses the hardware design, the algorithm of the system, and key points of the self-oscillation-prone system. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the prototype system for further clinical trials, which is being conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the proposed rehabilitation technique.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11672229 and 61378083)International Cooperation Foundation of the National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Grant No.2011DFA12220)+4 种基金Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.91123030)Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province of China(Grant Nos.2010JS110and 2013SZS03-Z01)Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province-Major Basic Research Project,China(Grant No.2016ZDJC-15)Young Scientist Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11504294)the Youth Talent Plan of the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province of China(Grant No.2016JQ103)
文摘As one of the most important realizations of stimulated emission depletion(STED)microscopy,the continuous-wave(CW)STED system,constructed by using CW lasers as the excitation and STED beams,has been investigated and developed for nearly a decade.However,a theoretical model of the suppression factors in CW STED has not been well established.In this investigation,the factors that affect the spatial resolution of a CW STED system are theoretically and numerically studied.The full-width-at-half-maximum(FWHM)of a CW STED with a doughnut-shaped STED beam is also reanalyzed.It is found that the suppression function is dominated by the ratio of the local STED and excitation beam intensities.In addition,the FWHM is highly sensitive to both the fluorescence rate(inverse of fluoresce lifetime)and the quenching rate,but insensitive to the rate of vibrational relaxation.For comparison,the suppression function in picosecond STED is only determined by the distribution of the STED beam intensity scaled with the saturation intensity.Our model is highly consistent with published experimental data for evaluating the spatial resolution.This investigation is important in guiding the development of new CW STED systems.
文摘目的探讨E1A激活基因阻遏子(CREG1)蛋白能否改善心肌纤维化小鼠的心功能。方法应用基因打靶方法建立广泛性基因敲除的CREG1杂合子小鼠和CREG1野生型小鼠模型。应用血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)皮下埋泵方法建立小鼠心肌纤维化损伤模型,给予AngⅡ刺激14d后,采用HE和Masson染色检测小鼠心肌纤维化情况。应用Western blotting和免疫组化染色技术检测给予AngⅡ前及3、7、14d后两组小鼠心肌中CREG1蛋白的表达,并于给予AngⅡ14d后应用小动物超声仪检测心功能情况。AngⅡ给药同时,以皮下埋泵方式分别给予15、30、60、300μg/(kg·d)的外源性重组CREG1蛋白(治疗组)和生理盐水(对照组)14d,检测心功能,并应用TUNEL染色和Western blotting检测心肌凋亡情况。结果 Western blotting和免疫组化检测结果显示,未给予AngⅡ刺激时杂合子小鼠心肌中CREG1蛋白表达明显低于野生型小鼠(P<0.05)。给予AngⅡ刺激3、7、14d时,野生型小鼠和杂合子小鼠心肌中CREG1蛋白表达均明显下降(P<0.05),但杂合子小鼠下降更为显著(P<0.01);HE和Masson染色显示杂合子小鼠心肌纤维化程度较野生型小鼠严重,二者心功能明显下降,且杂合子小鼠心功能下降更为明显(P<0.05)。给予外源性重组CREG1蛋白治疗后,治疗组心功能较对照组明显改善(P<0.05),心肌凋亡数量明显下降(P<0.05)。结论在AngⅡ引起的小鼠心肌纤维化模型中,CREG1蛋白减少可使小鼠心功能损伤加重,给予外源性重组CREG1蛋白可明显改善心功能。
文摘Objective: To investigate the therapeutic potency of recombinant human Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) in a rabbit myocardial infarction model. Methods: A myocardial infarction was created by the ligation of the major ventricular branch of the left coronary artery in rabbits. After myocardial infarction, the animals were randomly assigned to GM-CSF treatment group, untreated groups and sham-operated group. The rabbits of the treated group were injected into GM-CSF by subcutaneous administration, 10 μg/kg/day, once a day for 5 days. The untreated and sham-operated group received a equal saline in the same manner as treated group. Six weeks later echocardiography and haemodynamic assessment were undertaken to assesse cardiac function. The size of the infarct region of the heart were also studied. Results: The untreated group exhibited significant higher left ventricle end-diastolic pressure, higher central venous pressure, and with significant lower mean blood pressure, lower peak first derivative of left ventricle pressure (dP/dt) than the sham group. Also, Rabbits in untreated group display significant systolic dysfunction shown by the decreased ejection fraction, diastolic dysfunction shown by increasing in the ratio of E wave to A wave (E/A), and display left ventricle enlargement. However, GS-CSF singnificantly prevented heart dysfunction, left ventricle enlargement, and reduced infarct size in treatment group. Conclusion: Administration GM-CSF after cardiac infarction can improve heart function. These findings indicate the technique may be a novel and simple therapeutic method for ischemic myocardium.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.90307013,90707005a grant from the Science&Technology Pillar Program of Jiangsu Province in China,No.BE2013706
文摘Hemiparesis is one of the most common consequences of stroke. Advanced rehabilitation techniques are essential for restoring motor function in hemiplegic patients. Functional electrical stimulation applied to the affected limb based on myoelectric signal from the unaffected limb is a promising therapy for hemiplegia. In this study, we developed a prototype system for evaluating this novel functional electrical stimulation-control strategy. Based on surface electromyography and a vector machine model, a self-administered, muki-movement, force-modulation functional electrical stimulation-prototype system for hemiplegia was implemented. This paper discusses the hardware design, the algorithm of the system, and key points of the self-oscillation-prone system. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the prototype system for further clinical trials, which is being conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the proposed rehabilitation technique.
