The constrained weighted-non-negative matrix factorization（CW-NMF） hybrid receptor model was applied to study the influence of steelmaking activities on PM_（2.5）（particulate matter with equivalent aerodynamic dia...The constrained weighted-non-negative matrix factorization（CW-NMF） hybrid receptor model was applied to study the influence of steelmaking activities on PM_（2.5）（particulate matter with equivalent aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm） composition in Dunkerque,Northern France. Semi-diurnal PM_（2.5）samples were collected using a high volume sampler in winter 2010 and spring 2011 and were analyzed for trace metals, water-soluble ions, and total carbon using inductively coupled plasma – atomic emission spectrometry（ICP-AES）,ICP- mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）, ionic chromatography and micro elemental carbon analyzer. The elemental composition shows that NO_3^-, SO_4^（2-）, NH_4~＋and total carbon are the main PM_（2.5）constituents. Trace metals data were interpreted using concentration roses and both influences of integrated steelworks and electric steel plant were evidenced. The distinction between the two sources is made possible by the use Zn/Fe and Zn/Mn diagnostic ratios. Moreover Rb/Cr, Pb/Cr and Cu/Cd combination ratio are proposed to distinguish the ISW-sintering stack from the ISW-fugitive emissions. The a priori knowledge on the influencing source was introduced in the CW-NMF to guide the calculation. Eleven source profiles with various contributions were identified： 8 are characteristics of coastal urban background site profiles and 3 are related to the steelmaking activities. Between them,secondary nitrates, secondary sulfates and combustion profiles give the highest contributions and account for 93% of the PM_（2.5）concentration. The steelwork facilities contribute in about 2%of the total PM_（2.5）concentration and appear to be the main source of Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn.展开更多
As for the existing problems of boilers in integrated steelworks, the multi-boiler system could be quantitatively optimized with the decomposition and coordination method. Then, case studies were carried out based on ...As for the existing problems of boilers in integrated steelworks, the multi-boiler system could be quantitatively optimized with the decomposition and coordination method. Then, case studies were carried out based on the data of an integrated steelworks. Two groups of actual production records were contrastively analyzed, and the calculation results from the optimized program of these two groups indicated that for groups 1 and 2, the costs fall by 5.06% and 3.79%and the fuel consumptions decrease by 2.72% and 1.45%, respectively, compared with the actual data. To analyze the cost and fuel consumption change under the same condition of total load demand, assigned fuel consumption and water temperature, five sets of data were selected for further analysis. It was shown that the total cost and fuel consumption of the optimized program could fall by 3.5% and 1.6% respectively, compared with the actual production records. The optimal allocation significantly contributed to energy conservation and cost reduction. The effects of the system energy conservation cannot be realized by single equipment energy conservation. They were complementary to each other, and should be put on the same stage.展开更多
The Guiyang Steelworks is a national key special steelworks, and also one of the country’s national largest 500 industrial enterprises. At present, it has formed an annual production capacity of 300 thousand tons of ...The Guiyang Steelworks is a national key special steelworks, and also one of the country’s national largest 500 industrial enterprises. At present, it has formed an annual production capacity of 300 thousand tons of steel and 310 thousand tons of steel products. It owns eight production branch steelworks for electric furnance steel-making, rolling steel, forging steel, steel tube, rock drilling steel and building materials, and their relevant auxiliary matching systems. It has established two research institutes: a Special Steel Research Institute and a Rock Drilling Steel Research Institute. It is the national largest base for rock drilling steel production and scientific research,展开更多
基金financially supported by the Nord-Pas-de-Calais Region Councilthe Ministry of Higher Education and Research+1 种基金the European Regional Development FundsAdib Kfoury acknowledges the “Pole Metropolitain Cote d'Opale”(PMCO) for its PhD financial support
文摘The constrained weighted-non-negative matrix factorization（CW-NMF） hybrid receptor model was applied to study the influence of steelmaking activities on PM_（2.5）（particulate matter with equivalent aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm） composition in Dunkerque,Northern France. Semi-diurnal PM_（2.5）samples were collected using a high volume sampler in winter 2010 and spring 2011 and were analyzed for trace metals, water-soluble ions, and total carbon using inductively coupled plasma – atomic emission spectrometry（ICP-AES）,ICP- mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）, ionic chromatography and micro elemental carbon analyzer. The elemental composition shows that NO_3^-, SO_4^（2-）, NH_4~＋and total carbon are the main PM_（2.5）constituents. Trace metals data were interpreted using concentration roses and both influences of integrated steelworks and electric steel plant were evidenced. The distinction between the two sources is made possible by the use Zn/Fe and Zn/Mn diagnostic ratios. Moreover Rb/Cr, Pb/Cr and Cu/Cd combination ratio are proposed to distinguish the ISW-sintering stack from the ISW-fugitive emissions. The a priori knowledge on the influencing source was introduced in the CW-NMF to guide the calculation. Eleven source profiles with various contributions were identified： 8 are characteristics of coastal urban background site profiles and 3 are related to the steelmaking activities. Between them,secondary nitrates, secondary sulfates and combustion profiles give the highest contributions and account for 93% of the PM_（2.5）concentration. The steelwork facilities contribute in about 2%of the total PM_（2.5）concentration and appear to be the main source of Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn.
基金Item Sponsored by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University of China(N140203002)
文摘As for the existing problems of boilers in integrated steelworks, the multi-boiler system could be quantitatively optimized with the decomposition and coordination method. Then, case studies were carried out based on the data of an integrated steelworks. Two groups of actual production records were contrastively analyzed, and the calculation results from the optimized program of these two groups indicated that for groups 1 and 2, the costs fall by 5.06% and 3.79%and the fuel consumptions decrease by 2.72% and 1.45%, respectively, compared with the actual data. To analyze the cost and fuel consumption change under the same condition of total load demand, assigned fuel consumption and water temperature, five sets of data were selected for further analysis. It was shown that the total cost and fuel consumption of the optimized program could fall by 3.5% and 1.6% respectively, compared with the actual production records. The optimal allocation significantly contributed to energy conservation and cost reduction. The effects of the system energy conservation cannot be realized by single equipment energy conservation. They were complementary to each other, and should be put on the same stage.
文摘The Guiyang Steelworks is a national key special steelworks, and also one of the country’s national largest 500 industrial enterprises. At present, it has formed an annual production capacity of 300 thousand tons of steel and 310 thousand tons of steel products. It owns eight production branch steelworks for electric furnance steel-making, rolling steel, forging steel, steel tube, rock drilling steel and building materials, and their relevant auxiliary matching systems. It has established two research institutes: a Special Steel Research Institute and a Rock Drilling Steel Research Institute. It is the national largest base for rock drilling steel production and scientific research,
