在Web服务中,对用户身份的验证和标识是不可缺少的。由于过去基于Session机制存在共享和域限制的问题,使用token成为新的选择。使用基于JSON Web Token的机制,将用户信息转换为一个加密的token,保存于客户端中,解决共享和域的限制问题,...在Web服务中,对用户身份的验证和标识是不可缺少的。由于过去基于Session机制存在共享和域限制的问题,使用token成为新的选择。使用基于JSON Web Token的机制,将用户信息转换为一个加密的token,保存于客户端中,解决共享和域的限制问题,而且将服务器的内存压力分摊到客户端中。经实验表明,该方案对于用户验证识别是行之有效的。展开更多
当前互联网协议第6版(Internet Protocol Version 6,Ipv6)远程监控网络通信无法实现互联网协议第4版(Internet Protocol Version 4,Ipv4)地址与Ipv6地址的转换,且对网络状态要求较高,导致通信效率不理想。提出Ipv6远程监控网络无状态双...当前互联网协议第6版(Internet Protocol Version 6,Ipv6)远程监控网络通信无法实现互联网协议第4版(Internet Protocol Version 4,Ipv4)地址与Ipv6地址的转换,且对网络状态要求较高,导致通信效率不理想。提出Ipv6远程监控网络无状态双向通信方法。设计Ipv6网络与Ipv4互联网的地址映射规则,在代理服务器协议栈内引入支持Ipv4与Ipv6的双协议,实现同步访问权限。建立不同协议栈与目的机器的连接,采用代理服务器静态映射表完成Ipv4地址与Ipv6地址静态转换,根据代理服务器生成的socket对象,完成Ipv6网络的无状态双向通信。仿真结果表明,所提方法可有效实施双向通信,且与传统方法相比通信速率优势较为显著。展开更多
Statelessness is an old and continuous problem existing in many countries around the world. Statelessness is caused by various reasons such as the conflicts of the nationality laws of different countries and intematio...Statelessness is an old and continuous problem existing in many countries around the world. Statelessness is caused by various reasons such as the conflicts of the nationality laws of different countries and intemational marriages. This article analyzes the legal framework and practices conceming nationality issues in China from the perspectives of China's intemational obligations to protect the rights of stateless persons, especially women and children. This article also analyzes several stateless cases, in particular the de facto stateless situation of the "Vietnam brides" and their children in China. At last, the article gives recommendations in the light of international law and practices of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees on the reduction of statelessness in China.展开更多
Statelessness is the absence of any Nationality. These include the Pemba, Shona, Galjeel, people of Burundi and Rwanda descent, and children born in Kenya to British Overseas Citizens after 1983. Frequently, they are ...Statelessness is the absence of any Nationality. These include the Pemba, Shona, Galjeel, people of Burundi and Rwanda descent, and children born in Kenya to British Overseas Citizens after 1983. Frequently, they are not only undocumented but also often overlooked and not included in National Administrative Registers. Accordingly, find it hard to participate in Social and Economic Affairs. There has been a major push by UNHCR and international partners to “map” the size of stateless populations and their demographic profile, as well as causes, potential solutions and human rights situation. One of the requirements by the UNHCR in their push is for countries to find a potential solution to statelessness which starts with classifying/associating a person from these communities to a particular local community that is recognized in Kenya. This paper addresses this problem by adopting a Robust Nonparametric Kernel Discriminant function to correctly classify the stateless communities in Kenya and compare the performance of this method with the existing techniques through their classification rates. This is because Non-parametric functions have proven to be more robust and useful especially when there exists auxiliary information which can be used to increase precision. The findings from this paper indicate that Nonparametric discriminant classifiers provide a good classification method for classifying the stateless communities in Kenya. This is because they exhibit lower classification rates compared to the parametric methods such as Linear and Quadratic discriminant functions. In addition, the finding shows that based on certain similarities in characteristics that exist in these communities that surround the Pemba Community, the Pemba community can be classified as Giriama or Rabai in which they seem to have a strong link. In this regard, the study recommends the use of the Kernel discriminant classifiers in classifying the stateless persons and that the Government of Kenya consider integrating/recognizing the Pe展开更多
In this work,we propose a stateless blockchain called CompactChain,which compacts the entire state of the UTXO(Unspent Transaction Output)based blockchain systems into two RSA accumulators.The first accumulator is cal...In this work,we propose a stateless blockchain called CompactChain,which compacts the entire state of the UTXO(Unspent Transaction Output)based blockchain systems into two RSA accumulators.The first accumulator is called Transaction Output(TXO)commitment which represents the TXO set.The second one is called Spent Transaction Output(STXO)commitment which represents the STXO set.In this work,we discuss three algorithms:(i)To update the TXO and STXO commitments by the miner.The miner also provides the proofs for the correctness of the updated commitments;(ii)To prove the transaction’s validity by providing a membership witness in TXO commitment and non-membership witness against STXO commitment for a coin being spent by a user;(iii)To update the witness for the coin that is not yet spent;The experimental results evaluate the performance of the CompactChain in terms of time taken by a miner to update the commitments and time taken by a validator to verify the commitments and validate the transactions.We compare the performance of CompactChain with the existing state-of-the-art works on stateless blockchains.CompactChain shows a reduction in commitments update complexity and transaction witness size which inturn reduces the mempool size and propagation latency without compromising the system throughput(Transactions per second(TPS)).展开更多
A new practical method is introduced to transform the stateful transitive signature scheme to stateless one with-out the loss of security.According to the approach,two concrete stateless transitive signature schemes b...A new practical method is introduced to transform the stateful transitive signature scheme to stateless one with-out the loss of security.According to the approach,two concrete stateless transitive signature schemes based on Factoringand RSA are presented respectively.Under the assumption of the hardness of factoring and one-more-RSA-inversion prob-lem,both two schemes are secure under the adaptive chosen-message attacks in random oracle model.展开更多
文摘在Web服务中,对用户身份的验证和标识是不可缺少的。由于过去基于Session机制存在共享和域限制的问题,使用token成为新的选择。使用基于JSON Web Token的机制,将用户信息转换为一个加密的token,保存于客户端中,解决共享和域的限制问题,而且将服务器的内存压力分摊到客户端中。经实验表明,该方案对于用户验证识别是行之有效的。
文摘当前互联网协议第6版(Internet Protocol Version 6,Ipv6)远程监控网络通信无法实现互联网协议第4版(Internet Protocol Version 4,Ipv4)地址与Ipv6地址的转换,且对网络状态要求较高,导致通信效率不理想。提出Ipv6远程监控网络无状态双向通信方法。设计Ipv6网络与Ipv4互联网的地址映射规则,在代理服务器协议栈内引入支持Ipv4与Ipv6的双协议,实现同步访问权限。建立不同协议栈与目的机器的连接,采用代理服务器静态映射表完成Ipv4地址与Ipv6地址静态转换,根据代理服务器生成的socket对象,完成Ipv6网络的无状态双向通信。仿真结果表明,所提方法可有效实施双向通信,且与传统方法相比通信速率优势较为显著。
文摘Statelessness is an old and continuous problem existing in many countries around the world. Statelessness is caused by various reasons such as the conflicts of the nationality laws of different countries and intemational marriages. This article analyzes the legal framework and practices conceming nationality issues in China from the perspectives of China's intemational obligations to protect the rights of stateless persons, especially women and children. This article also analyzes several stateless cases, in particular the de facto stateless situation of the "Vietnam brides" and their children in China. At last, the article gives recommendations in the light of international law and practices of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees on the reduction of statelessness in China.
文摘Statelessness is the absence of any Nationality. These include the Pemba, Shona, Galjeel, people of Burundi and Rwanda descent, and children born in Kenya to British Overseas Citizens after 1983. Frequently, they are not only undocumented but also often overlooked and not included in National Administrative Registers. Accordingly, find it hard to participate in Social and Economic Affairs. There has been a major push by UNHCR and international partners to “map” the size of stateless populations and their demographic profile, as well as causes, potential solutions and human rights situation. One of the requirements by the UNHCR in their push is for countries to find a potential solution to statelessness which starts with classifying/associating a person from these communities to a particular local community that is recognized in Kenya. This paper addresses this problem by adopting a Robust Nonparametric Kernel Discriminant function to correctly classify the stateless communities in Kenya and compare the performance of this method with the existing techniques through their classification rates. This is because Non-parametric functions have proven to be more robust and useful especially when there exists auxiliary information which can be used to increase precision. The findings from this paper indicate that Nonparametric discriminant classifiers provide a good classification method for classifying the stateless communities in Kenya. This is because they exhibit lower classification rates compared to the parametric methods such as Linear and Quadratic discriminant functions. In addition, the finding shows that based on certain similarities in characteristics that exist in these communities that surround the Pemba Community, the Pemba community can be classified as Giriama or Rabai in which they seem to have a strong link. In this regard, the study recommends the use of the Kernel discriminant classifiers in classifying the stateless persons and that the Government of Kenya consider integrating/recognizing the Pe
文摘In this work,we propose a stateless blockchain called CompactChain,which compacts the entire state of the UTXO(Unspent Transaction Output)based blockchain systems into two RSA accumulators.The first accumulator is called Transaction Output(TXO)commitment which represents the TXO set.The second one is called Spent Transaction Output(STXO)commitment which represents the STXO set.In this work,we discuss three algorithms:(i)To update the TXO and STXO commitments by the miner.The miner also provides the proofs for the correctness of the updated commitments;(ii)To prove the transaction’s validity by providing a membership witness in TXO commitment and non-membership witness against STXO commitment for a coin being spent by a user;(iii)To update the witness for the coin that is not yet spent;The experimental results evaluate the performance of the CompactChain in terms of time taken by a miner to update the commitments and time taken by a validator to verify the commitments and validate the transactions.We compare the performance of CompactChain with the existing state-of-the-art works on stateless blockchains.CompactChain shows a reduction in commitments update complexity and transaction witness size which inturn reduces the mempool size and propagation latency without compromising the system throughput(Transactions per second(TPS)).
文摘A new practical method is introduced to transform the stateful transitive signature scheme to stateless one with-out the loss of security.According to the approach,two concrete stateless transitive signature schemes based on Factoringand RSA are presented respectively.Under the assumption of the hardness of factoring and one-more-RSA-inversion prob-lem,both two schemes are secure under the adaptive chosen-message attacks in random oracle model.