Global perception and consciousness of the threat of bioterrorism seem to have diminished in recent past following achievements in decades of global fight against deadly infectious diseases such as plague and smallpox...Global perception and consciousness of the threat of bioterrorism seem to have diminished in recent past following achievements in decades of global fight against deadly infectious diseases such as plague and smallpox.However,with recent advancement in biotechnology and the arrival on the scene of amoral and rogue states as well as terrorist groups,there is a justifiably heightened global apprehension that bacteria,viruses,and toxicogenic fungi can be weaponized and used to cause great harm to humans and agricultural biodiversity.We now have on our hands the dilemma of dual-use ofbiotechnology.This review brings to the fore an aspect of microbial forensics-bioagent source-tracing(attribution)that is very key in mounting an appropriate response to the evident threat ofbioterrorism.This article places a little more emphasis on the bioagent Yersinia pestis,and the technique of whole-genome sequence typing adjudged the most effective technique for building databases for bioterrorism-associated agents and public health important pathogens.The need for international sharing of data and databases of bio-agents is emphasized,as this would enable global applicability of bio-agent source-tracing in cases ofbioterrorism.展开更多
Primary and secondary migration generally takes place during the forming of oil-gas field. The study on carbon isotopic composition of natural gases, gas components and so on is taken as one of the effective methods u...Primary and secondary migration generally takes place during the forming of oil-gas field. The study on carbon isotopic composition of natural gases, gas components and so on is taken as one of the effective methods used in the identification of source rocks and migratory distances of natural gases in the oil- and gas-bearing basins with the characteristics of multi-generative strata, multi-source rocks, complexed tectonics and developed fractures. The changes of gas components and their isotopic compositions are展开更多
文摘Global perception and consciousness of the threat of bioterrorism seem to have diminished in recent past following achievements in decades of global fight against deadly infectious diseases such as plague and smallpox.However,with recent advancement in biotechnology and the arrival on the scene of amoral and rogue states as well as terrorist groups,there is a justifiably heightened global apprehension that bacteria,viruses,and toxicogenic fungi can be weaponized and used to cause great harm to humans and agricultural biodiversity.We now have on our hands the dilemma of dual-use ofbiotechnology.This review brings to the fore an aspect of microbial forensics-bioagent source-tracing(attribution)that is very key in mounting an appropriate response to the evident threat ofbioterrorism.This article places a little more emphasis on the bioagent Yersinia pestis,and the technique of whole-genome sequence typing adjudged the most effective technique for building databases for bioterrorism-associated agents and public health important pathogens.The need for international sharing of data and databases of bio-agents is emphasized,as this would enable global applicability of bio-agent source-tracing in cases ofbioterrorism.
文摘Primary and secondary migration generally takes place during the forming of oil-gas field. The study on carbon isotopic composition of natural gases, gas components and so on is taken as one of the effective methods used in the identification of source rocks and migratory distances of natural gases in the oil- and gas-bearing basins with the characteristics of multi-generative strata, multi-source rocks, complexed tectonics and developed fractures. The changes of gas components and their isotopic compositions are
