为充分发挥模块化多电平换流器(modularmultilevel converters,MMC)的控制能力,解决直流断路器(direct current circuit breaker,DCCB)开断电流和开断速度要求高、造价昂贵等问题,文中提出一种适用于MMC直流电网的源网配合式电容型DCCB...为充分发挥模块化多电平换流器(modularmultilevel converters,MMC)的控制能力,解决直流断路器(direct current circuit breaker,DCCB)开断电流和开断速度要求高、造价昂贵等问题,文中提出一种适用于MMC直流电网的源网配合式电容型DCCB。预充电电容是该DCCB最主要的部分,安装于每条直流出线上。所提DCCB利用MMC主动调压控制策略,在故障期间自适应调节子模块投入数量,使换流器直流出口电压与预充电电容电压相等,从而为快速机械开关提供低电压、零电流分断条件。文中详细介绍所提DCCB的拓扑结构、MMC主动调压控制原理、所提DCCB工作原理及其控制时序,并给出所提DCCB元件参数的设计方法。最后,在PSCAD/EMTDC中搭建四端MMC柔性直流电网模型,通过仿真及对比验证该方案的有效性。展开更多
故障限流是保障直流输电系统安全运行的关键技术,现有源侧和网侧限流方法通常独立配置且未与故障严重程度相匹配,难以兼顾限流能力与设备成本。针对上述问题,该文提出一种考虑故障严重程度的源网自适应限流策略,利用源侧模块化多电平换...故障限流是保障直流输电系统安全运行的关键技术,现有源侧和网侧限流方法通常独立配置且未与故障严重程度相匹配,难以兼顾限流能力与设备成本。针对上述问题,该文提出一种考虑故障严重程度的源网自适应限流策略,利用源侧模块化多电平换流器(modular multilevel converter,MMC)与网侧故障限流器(fault current limiter,FCL)的限流贡献度配合,实现主动匹配限流目标和故障条件的自适应限流。能够在保障限流能力的前提下,降低FCL配置成本及MMC降压运行对电网的不利影响。首先,分别定量分析源侧MMC与网侧FCL的限流贡献度,进而推导考虑限流贡献度配合的源网协同限流计算方法;基于此提出限流贡献度匹配故障严重程度的自适应故障限流策略;最后,在电磁暂态仿真中对所提策略的有效性进行验证。展开更多
Taking the consumption rate of renewable energy and the operation cost of hybrid AC/DC microgrid as the optimization objectives,the adjustment of load demand curves is carried out considering the demand side response(...Taking the consumption rate of renewable energy and the operation cost of hybrid AC/DC microgrid as the optimization objectives,the adjustment of load demand curves is carried out considering the demand side response(DSR)on the load side.The complementary utilization of renewable energy between AC area and DC area is achieved to meet the load demand on the source side.In the network side,the hybrid AC/DC microgrids purchase electricity from the power grid at the time-of-use(TOU)price and sell the surplus power of renewable energy to the power grid for profits.The improved memetic algorithm(IMA)is introduced and applied to solve the established mathematical model.The promotion effect of the proposed source-network-load coordination strategies on the optimal operation of hybrid AC/DC microgrid is verified.展开更多
With the increasing penetration of wind and solar energies,the accompanying uncertainty that propagates in the system places higher requirements on the expansion planning of power systems.A source-grid-load-storage co...With the increasing penetration of wind and solar energies,the accompanying uncertainty that propagates in the system places higher requirements on the expansion planning of power systems.A source-grid-load-storage coordinated expansion planning model based on stochastic programming was proposed to suppress the impact of wind and solar energy fluctuations.Multiple types of system components,including demand response service entities,converter stations,DC transmission systems,cascade hydropower stations,and other traditional components,have been extensively modeled.Moreover,energy storage systems are considered to improve the accommodation level of renewable energy and alleviate the influence of intermittence.Demand-response service entities from the load side are used to reduce and move the demand during peak load periods.The uncertainties in wind,solar energy,and loads were simulated using stochastic programming.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed model is verified through numerical simulations.展开更多
随着电网建设、可再生能源的不断发展,配电网的可控制资源不断增多,传统的单向、被动配电网正逐步向双向互动、多元协调的动态配电网(Active Distribution Network,ADN)发展。同时,由于可再生能源本身具有随机性、波动性,使得配电网络...随着电网建设、可再生能源的不断发展,配电网的可控制资源不断增多,传统的单向、被动配电网正逐步向双向互动、多元协调的动态配电网(Active Distribution Network,ADN)发展。同时,由于可再生能源本身具有随机性、波动性,使得配电网络的安全、稳定运行成为一大难题,ADN通过“源网荷储”协同优化技术,能够有效发挥各类可控制资源的调节功能,引导和使用分布式电源,改善其运行稳定性和经济性。因此,在ADN系统中,有效地协同控制和管理各类可控资源,可以实现资源的最优分配,并改善配电网络的经济性和可靠性。展开更多
文摘随着模块化多电平换流器(modularmultilevel converters,MMC)在架空线直流输电和柔性直流电网中的广泛应用,直流线路故障清除问题越来越突出,如何实现直流线路故障的快速清除成为制约MMC柔性直流电网发展的关键问题之一。作为直接有效的解决方案,混合高压直流断路器(direct current circuit breaker,DCCB)还不够成熟,高速大开断容量DCCB的研制仍有困难。文中通过挖掘和利用MMC控制的灵活性,提出一种适用于架空线半桥型MMC柔性直流电网的源网配合自适应故障清除方案。在直流故障期间,该方案利用MMC调压控制策略减少源侧子模块投入数量,降低换流器桥臂单元输出电压,并与网侧断路器预充电电容电压自适应配合,使MMC桥臂单元输出电压小于预充电电容电压,利用电压差使故障电流迅速下降至零,达到切断故障电流并清除故障的目的。首先介绍所提故障清除方案中源侧MMC调压控制原理和网侧断路器拓扑结构,然后分析该方案的工作原理,并推导该方案下半桥型MMC的直流故障电流计算方程,给出调压控制器控制系数和网侧断路器元件参数设计方法,最后在PSCAD/EMTDC电磁暂态仿真平台上搭建基于半桥型MMC的四端柔性直流电网模型,对所提故障清除方案的有效性进行仿真验证。
文摘为充分发挥模块化多电平换流器(modularmultilevel converters,MMC)的控制能力,解决直流断路器(direct current circuit breaker,DCCB)开断电流和开断速度要求高、造价昂贵等问题,文中提出一种适用于MMC直流电网的源网配合式电容型DCCB。预充电电容是该DCCB最主要的部分,安装于每条直流出线上。所提DCCB利用MMC主动调压控制策略,在故障期间自适应调节子模块投入数量,使换流器直流出口电压与预充电电容电压相等,从而为快速机械开关提供低电压、零电流分断条件。文中详细介绍所提DCCB的拓扑结构、MMC主动调压控制原理、所提DCCB工作原理及其控制时序,并给出所提DCCB元件参数的设计方法。最后,在PSCAD/EMTDC中搭建四端MMC柔性直流电网模型,通过仿真及对比验证该方案的有效性。
文摘故障限流是保障直流输电系统安全运行的关键技术,现有源侧和网侧限流方法通常独立配置且未与故障严重程度相匹配,难以兼顾限流能力与设备成本。针对上述问题,该文提出一种考虑故障严重程度的源网自适应限流策略,利用源侧模块化多电平换流器(modular multilevel converter,MMC)与网侧故障限流器(fault current limiter,FCL)的限流贡献度配合,实现主动匹配限流目标和故障条件的自适应限流。能够在保障限流能力的前提下,降低FCL配置成本及MMC降压运行对电网的不利影响。首先,分别定量分析源侧MMC与网侧FCL的限流贡献度,进而推导考虑限流贡献度配合的源网协同限流计算方法;基于此提出限流贡献度匹配故障严重程度的自适应故障限流策略;最后,在电磁暂态仿真中对所提策略的有效性进行验证。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51577068)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No.2015AA050104).
文摘Taking the consumption rate of renewable energy and the operation cost of hybrid AC/DC microgrid as the optimization objectives,the adjustment of load demand curves is carried out considering the demand side response(DSR)on the load side.The complementary utilization of renewable energy between AC area and DC area is achieved to meet the load demand on the source side.In the network side,the hybrid AC/DC microgrids purchase electricity from the power grid at the time-of-use(TOU)price and sell the surplus power of renewable energy to the power grid for profits.The improved memetic algorithm(IMA)is introduced and applied to solve the established mathematical model.The promotion effect of the proposed source-network-load coordination strategies on the optimal operation of hybrid AC/DC microgrid is verified.
基金supported by Science and Technology Project of SGCC(SGSW0000FZGHBJS2200070)。
文摘With the increasing penetration of wind and solar energies,the accompanying uncertainty that propagates in the system places higher requirements on the expansion planning of power systems.A source-grid-load-storage coordinated expansion planning model based on stochastic programming was proposed to suppress the impact of wind and solar energy fluctuations.Multiple types of system components,including demand response service entities,converter stations,DC transmission systems,cascade hydropower stations,and other traditional components,have been extensively modeled.Moreover,energy storage systems are considered to improve the accommodation level of renewable energy and alleviate the influence of intermittence.Demand-response service entities from the load side are used to reduce and move the demand during peak load periods.The uncertainties in wind,solar energy,and loads were simulated using stochastic programming.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed model is verified through numerical simulations.
文摘随着电网建设、可再生能源的不断发展,配电网的可控制资源不断增多,传统的单向、被动配电网正逐步向双向互动、多元协调的动态配电网(Active Distribution Network,ADN)发展。同时,由于可再生能源本身具有随机性、波动性,使得配电网络的安全、稳定运行成为一大难题,ADN通过“源网荷储”协同优化技术,能够有效发挥各类可控制资源的调节功能,引导和使用分布式电源,改善其运行稳定性和经济性。因此,在ADN系统中,有效地协同控制和管理各类可控资源,可以实现资源的最优分配,并改善配电网络的经济性和可靠性。
