The origin and classification of soil enzymes are summarized in this paper. The foregone research results discover the close relationship between soil enzyme activity and soil quality (including soil chemical, physica...The origin and classification of soil enzymes are summarized in this paper. The foregone research results discover the close relationship between soil enzyme activity and soil quality (including soil chemical, physical and biological properties), and long-or short-term response of soil enzyme activity to disturbance of soil ecosystem. Meanwhile, soil enzyme activity is sensitive to slightly change of soil quality, which suggests soil enzyme activity can act as one of key indicators for assessment and forecast of soil quality. Some problems in soil enzyme studies are discussed and further possible research of soil enzyme activity is also presented. Ref展开更多
以单施秸秆为对照,研究秸秆还田配施不同比例化肥对土壤温度、土壤根际微生物和酶活性的影响。结果表明:(1)在水稻不同生育期,与对照相比秸秆还田配施化肥各处理在8:00和20:00均提高了土壤温度,而在14:00降低了土壤温度。从地温日较差...以单施秸秆为对照,研究秸秆还田配施不同比例化肥对土壤温度、土壤根际微生物和酶活性的影响。结果表明:(1)在水稻不同生育期,与对照相比秸秆还田配施化肥各处理在8:00和20:00均提高了土壤温度,而在14:00降低了土壤温度。从地温日较差分析可知,秸秆还田配施化肥处理的整日地温变化幅度低于对照,且差异显著。此外随着土层深度的增加,秸秆还田配施化肥处理与对照间的差距逐渐减少,调温作用逐渐减弱。(2)秸秆还田配施化肥各处理能够增加根际土壤总细菌、放线菌、真菌、氨氧化细菌、好气性自生固氮菌、亚硝酸细菌、磷细菌和好气性纤维素分解菌的数量,但普遍区组间差异不显著。除了秸秆还田配施低量NP处理(SNP1,秸秆3 000 kg hm-2+N 150 kg hm-2+P2O575 kg hm-2)以外,秸秆还田配施化肥各处理的过氧化氢酶、脲酶、转化酶活性均高于对照,但区组间均未达到显著差异。因此,秸秆还田配施化肥能合理调节土壤温度,显著提高土壤微生物的数量与活性,有利于土壤生态环境的改善,其中秸秆还田配施NPK处理(SNPK1,秸秆3 000 kg hm-2+N 150 kg hm-2+P2O575 kg hm-2+K2O 37.5 kg hm-2;SNPK2,秸秆3 000 kg hm-2+N 225 kg hm-2+P2O5112.5 kg hm-2+K2O 56.3 kg hm-2)效果最为显著。展开更多
Soil nutrients, microorganisms and enzyme activities in mixed stands of Castanopsis fissa×Pinus elliottii and Schima wallichii×Pinus elliottii were studied. The results showed that compared with pure Pinus e...Soil nutrients, microorganisms and enzyme activities in mixed stands of Castanopsis fissa×Pinus elliottii and Schima wallichii×Pinus elliottii were studied. The results showed that compared with pure Pinus elliottii stand, Pinus elliottii mixed stands could increase organic matter content and improve the nutrient status of soil, especially for available nutrients of soil. The amounts of bacteria, actinomyces and enzyme activity in Pinus elliottii mixed stand were higher than those in pure Pinus elliottii stand, whereas their fungi amount was lower than the latter.展开更多
文摘The origin and classification of soil enzymes are summarized in this paper. The foregone research results discover the close relationship between soil enzyme activity and soil quality (including soil chemical, physical and biological properties), and long-or short-term response of soil enzyme activity to disturbance of soil ecosystem. Meanwhile, soil enzyme activity is sensitive to slightly change of soil quality, which suggests soil enzyme activity can act as one of key indicators for assessment and forecast of soil quality. Some problems in soil enzyme studies are discussed and further possible research of soil enzyme activity is also presented. Ref
基金European Community Financial Participation for the Integrated Project NUE-CROPS(FP7-CP-IP222645)中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金202-5国家自然科学基金项目(31301843)资助
文摘以单施秸秆为对照,研究秸秆还田配施不同比例化肥对土壤温度、土壤根际微生物和酶活性的影响。结果表明:(1)在水稻不同生育期,与对照相比秸秆还田配施化肥各处理在8:00和20:00均提高了土壤温度,而在14:00降低了土壤温度。从地温日较差分析可知,秸秆还田配施化肥处理的整日地温变化幅度低于对照,且差异显著。此外随着土层深度的增加,秸秆还田配施化肥处理与对照间的差距逐渐减少,调温作用逐渐减弱。(2)秸秆还田配施化肥各处理能够增加根际土壤总细菌、放线菌、真菌、氨氧化细菌、好气性自生固氮菌、亚硝酸细菌、磷细菌和好气性纤维素分解菌的数量,但普遍区组间差异不显著。除了秸秆还田配施低量NP处理(SNP1,秸秆3 000 kg hm-2+N 150 kg hm-2+P2O575 kg hm-2)以外,秸秆还田配施化肥各处理的过氧化氢酶、脲酶、转化酶活性均高于对照,但区组间均未达到显著差异。因此,秸秆还田配施化肥能合理调节土壤温度,显著提高土壤微生物的数量与活性,有利于土壤生态环境的改善,其中秸秆还田配施NPK处理(SNPK1,秸秆3 000 kg hm-2+N 150 kg hm-2+P2O575 kg hm-2+K2O 37.5 kg hm-2;SNPK2,秸秆3 000 kg hm-2+N 225 kg hm-2+P2O5112.5 kg hm-2+K2O 56.3 kg hm-2)效果最为显著。
文摘Soil nutrients, microorganisms and enzyme activities in mixed stands of Castanopsis fissa×Pinus elliottii and Schima wallichii×Pinus elliottii were studied. The results showed that compared with pure Pinus elliottii stand, Pinus elliottii mixed stands could increase organic matter content and improve the nutrient status of soil, especially for available nutrients of soil. The amounts of bacteria, actinomyces and enzyme activity in Pinus elliottii mixed stand were higher than those in pure Pinus elliottii stand, whereas their fungi amount was lower than the latter.
