为提高播种机的播种及镇压性能,解决播种作业中覆土后即时镇压的难题,结合橡胶类材料的变形理论与轮胎力学的研究基础,建立基于种沟沟型的理论模型,并设计出一种具有覆土功能的弹性镇压轮,镇压轮横截面由顶端连通的两个腔室组成,通过镇...为提高播种机的播种及镇压性能,解决播种作业中覆土后即时镇压的难题,结合橡胶类材料的变形理论与轮胎力学的研究基础,建立基于种沟沟型的理论模型,并设计出一种具有覆土功能的弹性镇压轮,镇压轮横截面由顶端连通的两个腔室组成,通过镇压轮侧缘与种沟接触产生的挤压力以同时实现覆土和镇压作业。利用ABAQUS软件对镇压轮进行有限元仿真分析,考察其覆土及镇压性能,通过有限元仿真分析证实该模型可行有效。通过与双圆盘覆土器和传统橡胶镇压轮的田间对比试验测得,该文所设计的弹性可覆土镇压轮作业后种子平均覆土深度为34 mm,变异系数为15.68%,镇压后种子上方距离地表5 cm的土壤紧实度为33.5 k Pa,变异系数为13.97%,应用双圆盘覆土器和传统橡胶镇压轮作业后种子平均覆土深度为35.3 mm,变异系数为17.51%,镇压后种子上方距离地表5 cm的土壤紧实度为26.5 k Pa,变异系数为15.32%,田间对比试验证实弹性可覆土镇压轮和双圆盘覆土器均可满足玉米播种作业对覆土深度的要求,但弹性可覆土镇压轮对土壤的镇压强度大于传统橡胶镇压轮,同时由覆土深度变异系数和镇压强度变异系数可以看出,弹性可覆土镇压轮在作业过程中的覆土深度稳定性和镇压强度稳定性均优于双圆盘覆土器和传统橡胶镇压轮。展开更多
In order to realize seedbed mechanization of whole plastic-film mulching on double ridges and to overcome the difficulty in crosswise belt type soil covering by whole plastic-film,a kind of crosswise belt type whole p...In order to realize seedbed mechanization of whole plastic-film mulching on double ridges and to overcome the difficulty in crosswise belt type soil covering by whole plastic-film,a kind of crosswise belt type whole plastic-film ridging-mulching corn seeder on double ridges was designed in this study.The key components of the sample machine was designed and its working parameters of seedbed soil covering device,crosswise-belt soil covering mechanism and profiling sowing depth adjustment device were determined.After numerical simulation on the film edge and crosswise soil covering by whole plastic-film on double ridges by discrete element method,the velocity and displacement of the oscillating plate,and the variation rule of amount of covered soil with time were explored.Field test results show that,when the advancing velocity of the machine was 0.50 m/s,the qualified rate of soil width covered on film edge of the seedbed reached 96.1%,qualified rate of crosswise soil belt width was 94.5%,qualified rate of soil thickness on seedbed was 95.3%,qualified rate of sowing depth was 89.3%,qualified rate of spacing between crosswise soil belts reached 93.6%,which all met related standards in China and satisfied design requirements,and could realize seedbed mechanization of whole plastic-film mulching on double ridges.Comparison tests on working performances of practical soil covering show a basic consistence with the seedbed soil covering simulation,and verified the effectiveness of the soil covering model built by using discrete element method.展开更多
文摘为提高播种机的播种及镇压性能,解决播种作业中覆土后即时镇压的难题,结合橡胶类材料的变形理论与轮胎力学的研究基础,建立基于种沟沟型的理论模型,并设计出一种具有覆土功能的弹性镇压轮,镇压轮横截面由顶端连通的两个腔室组成,通过镇压轮侧缘与种沟接触产生的挤压力以同时实现覆土和镇压作业。利用ABAQUS软件对镇压轮进行有限元仿真分析,考察其覆土及镇压性能,通过有限元仿真分析证实该模型可行有效。通过与双圆盘覆土器和传统橡胶镇压轮的田间对比试验测得,该文所设计的弹性可覆土镇压轮作业后种子平均覆土深度为34 mm,变异系数为15.68%,镇压后种子上方距离地表5 cm的土壤紧实度为33.5 k Pa,变异系数为13.97%,应用双圆盘覆土器和传统橡胶镇压轮作业后种子平均覆土深度为35.3 mm,变异系数为17.51%,镇压后种子上方距离地表5 cm的土壤紧实度为26.5 k Pa,变异系数为15.32%,田间对比试验证实弹性可覆土镇压轮和双圆盘覆土器均可满足玉米播种作业对覆土深度的要求,但弹性可覆土镇压轮对土壤的镇压强度大于传统橡胶镇压轮,同时由覆土深度变异系数和镇压强度变异系数可以看出,弹性可覆土镇压轮在作业过程中的覆土深度稳定性和镇压强度稳定性均优于双圆盘覆土器和传统橡胶镇压轮。
基金The authors acknowledge that this work was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51775115No.51405086)China Agriculture Research System(CARS-14-1-28).
文摘In order to realize seedbed mechanization of whole plastic-film mulching on double ridges and to overcome the difficulty in crosswise belt type soil covering by whole plastic-film,a kind of crosswise belt type whole plastic-film ridging-mulching corn seeder on double ridges was designed in this study.The key components of the sample machine was designed and its working parameters of seedbed soil covering device,crosswise-belt soil covering mechanism and profiling sowing depth adjustment device were determined.After numerical simulation on the film edge and crosswise soil covering by whole plastic-film on double ridges by discrete element method,the velocity and displacement of the oscillating plate,and the variation rule of amount of covered soil with time were explored.Field test results show that,when the advancing velocity of the machine was 0.50 m/s,the qualified rate of soil width covered on film edge of the seedbed reached 96.1%,qualified rate of crosswise soil belt width was 94.5%,qualified rate of soil thickness on seedbed was 95.3%,qualified rate of sowing depth was 89.3%,qualified rate of spacing between crosswise soil belts reached 93.6%,which all met related standards in China and satisfied design requirements,and could realize seedbed mechanization of whole plastic-film mulching on double ridges.Comparison tests on working performances of practical soil covering show a basic consistence with the seedbed soil covering simulation,and verified the effectiveness of the soil covering model built by using discrete element method.
