岩溶坡体裂隙的扩展贯通是造成坡体失稳破坏的重要因素。为研究采动作用下高陡岩溶坡体随裂隙扩展贯通的失稳破坏机理,采用离散元(Universal Distinct Element Code,UDEC)数值模拟,研究了采动作用下坡体裂隙的发展规律。研究结果表明:...岩溶坡体裂隙的扩展贯通是造成坡体失稳破坏的重要因素。为研究采动作用下高陡岩溶坡体随裂隙扩展贯通的失稳破坏机理,采用离散元(Universal Distinct Element Code,UDEC)数值模拟,研究了采动作用下坡体裂隙的发展规律。研究结果表明:采动作用对岩溶坡体的稳定性具有重要的影响作用,主要表现在煤层上覆岩体新生裂隙的发育以及诱发坡体原有裂隙的扩展;坡体内部裂隙的发育具有一定的时空效应,裂隙带高度随着采空区范围的增加而增加;坡体原有深大裂隙对坡体的破坏具有控制作用,坡体破坏时崩滑体沿着主控裂隙发生滑动;二维模型显示,含深大裂隙岩溶坡体在采动作用下形成类似"悬臂梁结构",悬臂梁结构沿着主控裂隙发生断裂,坡体中间软岩被挤出,最终主控裂隙与临空面扩展贯通,坡体发生崩塌破坏。展开更多
The aperture of natural rock fractures significantly affects the deformation and strength properties of rock masses,as well as the hydrodynamic properties of fractured rock masses.The conventional measurement methods ...The aperture of natural rock fractures significantly affects the deformation and strength properties of rock masses,as well as the hydrodynamic properties of fractured rock masses.The conventional measurement methods are inadequate for collecting data on high-steep rock slopes in complex mountainous regions.This study establishes a high-resolution three-dimensional model of a rock slope using unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)multi-angle nap-of-the-object photogrammetry to obtain edge feature points of fractures.Fracture opening morphology is characterized using coordinate projection and transformation.Fracture central axis is determined using vertical measuring lines,allowing for the interpretation of aperture of adaptive fracture shape.The feasibility and reliability of the new method are verified at a construction site of a railway in southeast Tibet,China.The study shows that the fracture aperture has a significant interval effect and size effect.The optimal sampling length for fractures is approximately 0.5e1 m,and the optimal aperture interpretation results can be achieved when the measuring line spacing is 1%of the sampling length.Tensile fractures in the study area generally have larger apertures than shear fractures,and their tendency to increase with slope height is also greater than that of shear fractures.The aperture of tensile fractures is generally positively correlated with their trace length,while the correlation between the aperture of shear fractures and their trace length appears to be weak.Fractures of different orientations exhibit certain differences in their distribution of aperture,but generally follow the forms of normal,log-normal,and gamma distributions.This study provides essential data support for rock and slope stability evaluation,which is of significant practical importance.展开更多
With the finite volume method, a 2D numerical model for seepage in unsaturated soil has been established to study the rainfall infiltration in the fractured slope. The result shows that more rain may infiltrate into t...With the finite volume method, a 2D numerical model for seepage in unsaturated soil has been established to study the rainfall infiltration in the fractured slope. The result shows that more rain may infiltrate into the slope due to existing fracture and then the pore pressure rises correspondingly. Very probably, it is one of the crucial factors accounting for slope failure. Furthermore a preliminary study has been conducted to investigate the influence of various fracture and rainfall factors such as the depth, width and location of a crack, surface condition, rainfall intensity and duration. Pore pressure and water volumetric content during the transient seepage are carefully examined to reveal the intrinsic mechanism.展开更多
The critical slip surface of a fractured rock slope tends to extend along the fractures.Thus,fracture orientation plays a critical role in determining the critical slip surface.Based on fracture orientation data,this ...The critical slip surface of a fractured rock slope tends to extend along the fractures.Thus,fracture orientation plays a critical role in determining the critical slip surface.Based on fracture orientation data,this paper examines the critical slip surfaces of fractured rock slopes.Given that the surface of a fractured rock slope extends along the fracture surfaces,or the wedges,with each composed of two arbitrary fractures,the critical slip surface is determined via stochastic dynamics.In addition,a fracture frequency method is proposed as a means of analyzing the critical slip surface.According to this method,the critical slip surface slips in whichever direction has the lowest fracture frequency.Based on the stochastic dynamics method and the fracture frequency method,the critical slip surface of the slope is finally determined,that is,the critical slip surface takes the form of a plane passing the slope toe with a dip of 120° and a dip angle of 45°.展开更多
文摘岩溶坡体裂隙的扩展贯通是造成坡体失稳破坏的重要因素。为研究采动作用下高陡岩溶坡体随裂隙扩展贯通的失稳破坏机理,采用离散元(Universal Distinct Element Code,UDEC)数值模拟,研究了采动作用下坡体裂隙的发展规律。研究结果表明:采动作用对岩溶坡体的稳定性具有重要的影响作用,主要表现在煤层上覆岩体新生裂隙的发育以及诱发坡体原有裂隙的扩展;坡体内部裂隙的发育具有一定的时空效应,裂隙带高度随着采空区范围的增加而增加;坡体原有深大裂隙对坡体的破坏具有控制作用,坡体破坏时崩滑体沿着主控裂隙发生滑动;二维模型显示,含深大裂隙岩溶坡体在采动作用下形成类似"悬臂梁结构",悬臂梁结构沿着主控裂隙发生断裂,坡体中间软岩被挤出,最终主控裂隙与临空面扩展贯通,坡体发生崩塌破坏。
基金This work was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42177139 and 41941017)the Natural Science Foundation Project of Jilin Province,China(Grant No.20230101088JC).The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions.
文摘The aperture of natural rock fractures significantly affects the deformation and strength properties of rock masses,as well as the hydrodynamic properties of fractured rock masses.The conventional measurement methods are inadequate for collecting data on high-steep rock slopes in complex mountainous regions.This study establishes a high-resolution three-dimensional model of a rock slope using unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)multi-angle nap-of-the-object photogrammetry to obtain edge feature points of fractures.Fracture opening morphology is characterized using coordinate projection and transformation.Fracture central axis is determined using vertical measuring lines,allowing for the interpretation of aperture of adaptive fracture shape.The feasibility and reliability of the new method are verified at a construction site of a railway in southeast Tibet,China.The study shows that the fracture aperture has a significant interval effect and size effect.The optimal sampling length for fractures is approximately 0.5e1 m,and the optimal aperture interpretation results can be achieved when the measuring line spacing is 1%of the sampling length.Tensile fractures in the study area generally have larger apertures than shear fractures,and their tendency to increase with slope height is also greater than that of shear fractures.The aperture of tensile fractures is generally positively correlated with their trace length,while the correlation between the aperture of shear fractures and their trace length appears to be weak.Fractures of different orientations exhibit certain differences in their distribution of aperture,but generally follow the forms of normal,log-normal,and gamma distributions.This study provides essential data support for rock and slope stability evaluation,which is of significant practical importance.
基金This research was supported by the "973" Project of Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2002CB412703) the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10332050)the Knowledge Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KJCX2-SW-L1-4).
文摘With the finite volume method, a 2D numerical model for seepage in unsaturated soil has been established to study the rainfall infiltration in the fractured slope. The result shows that more rain may infiltrate into the slope due to existing fracture and then the pore pressure rises correspondingly. Very probably, it is one of the crucial factors accounting for slope failure. Furthermore a preliminary study has been conducted to investigate the influence of various fracture and rainfall factors such as the depth, width and location of a crack, surface condition, rainfall intensity and duration. Pore pressure and water volumetric content during the transient seepage are carefully examined to reveal the intrinsic mechanism.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.40872170,40902077,41072196)Doctoral Program Foundation of Higher Education of China(Grant No.20090061110054)+2 种基金Jilin University's 985 Project(Grant No.450070021107)Graduate Innovation Fund of Jilin University(Grant No.20121073)Basic Research of Jilin University(Grant No.421032184424)
文摘The critical slip surface of a fractured rock slope tends to extend along the fractures.Thus,fracture orientation plays a critical role in determining the critical slip surface.Based on fracture orientation data,this paper examines the critical slip surfaces of fractured rock slopes.Given that the surface of a fractured rock slope extends along the fracture surfaces,or the wedges,with each composed of two arbitrary fractures,the critical slip surface is determined via stochastic dynamics.In addition,a fracture frequency method is proposed as a means of analyzing the critical slip surface.According to this method,the critical slip surface slips in whichever direction has the lowest fracture frequency.Based on the stochastic dynamics method and the fracture frequency method,the critical slip surface of the slope is finally determined,that is,the critical slip surface takes the form of a plane passing the slope toe with a dip of 120° and a dip angle of 45°.
