为了分析铁核桃基因组密码子使用模式及其主要影响因素,本研究利用Codon W 1.4.2和在线软件CUSP对源自铁核桃叶绿体基因组中的52个基因的密码子碱基组成规律进行分析,并作中性绘图、ENC-plot和偏倚性分析,通过计算高、低表达基因库间的...为了分析铁核桃基因组密码子使用模式及其主要影响因素,本研究利用Codon W 1.4.2和在线软件CUSP对源自铁核桃叶绿体基因组中的52个基因的密码子碱基组成规律进行分析,并作中性绘图、ENC-plot和偏倚性分析,通过计算高、低表达基因库间的ΔRSCU值来确定最优密码子。结果显示,密码子不同位置的GC含量存在差异,表现为GC1(46.59%)>GC2(39.03%)>GC3(27.47%);ENC值在37.68~58.08之间,且ENC值>45的有36个,占比69.23%;中性绘图分析显示GC12在0.306~0.543之间,GC3在0.300~0.365之间,GC12和GC3的相关系数为0.182,相关性不显著,回归系数为0.261 2;ENC-plot分析显示大部分基因位于标准曲线附近;偏倚性显示位于平面图的右下方位置的基因数量最多;最优密码子分别为UUU、UUA、GUA、AGU、ACU、UAU、CAA、AAA、GAA、UGU、AUU和GCA。以上结果说明铁核桃叶绿体基因组密码子偏好以A/T结尾,影响偏好性的主要因素为选择。本研究为以后通过外源基因密码子改造后以铁核桃叶绿体为载体进行异源表达及种源鉴定提供科学根据。展开更多
Wuren walnut is a unique germplasm resource of Juglans sigillata in Guizhou Province,named after its purple and black seed coat.It is a typical medicinal and edible plant with high nutritional value and good taste com...Wuren walnut is a unique germplasm resource of Juglans sigillata in Guizhou Province,named after its purple and black seed coat.It is a typical medicinal and edible plant with high nutritional value and good taste compared with ordinary walnut.The color of its inner seed coat is different from that of ordinary walnut,which is mostly light yellow.Wuren walnut has great market potential for development.To lay a theoretical foundation for the future breeding of improved varieties,pollination tree configuration,and hybrid breeding of Wuren walnut in Guizhou Province,this paper summarized the current research status of pollen vitality and stigma acceptability of Guizhou Wuren walnut in recent years,and looked forward to future research and application.展开更多
Walnuts are highly valued for their rich nutritional profile and wide medicinal applications.This demand has led to the intensification of breeding activities in major walnut production areas such as southwest China,i...Walnuts are highly valued for their rich nutritional profile and wide medicinal applications.This demand has led to the intensification of breeding activities in major walnut production areas such as southwest China,in order to develop more superior cultivars.With the increasing number of cultivars,accurate identification becomes fundamental to selecting the right cultivar for grafting,industrial processing or development of new cultivars.To ensure proper identification of cultivars and understand the genetic structure of wild and cultivated material,we genotyped 362 cultivated and wild individuals of walnut trees from southwest China(with two additional populations from Xinjiang,plus three cultivars from Canada,France and Belgium) using 36 polymorphic microsatellite loci.We found relatively low indices of genetic diversity(H_(O)=0.570,H_(E)=0.404,N_(A)=2.345) as well as a high level of clonality(>85% of cultivars),indicating reliance on genetically narrow sources of parental material for breeding.Our STRUCTURE and PCoA analyses generally delineated the two species,though considerable levels of introgression were also evident.More significantly,we detected a distinct genetic group of cultivated Juglans sigillata,which mainly comprised individuals of the popular ’Yangbidapao’ landrace.Finally,a core set of 18 SSR loci was selected,which was capable of identifying 32 cultivars.In a nutshell,our results call for more utilization of genetically disparate material,including wild walnut trees,as parental sources to breed for more cultivars.The data reported herein will significantly contribute towards the genetic improvement and conservation of the walnut germplasm in southwest China.展开更多
We applied water releasing from rootstocks technique and Juglans sigillata in Yangbi was pruned in the shape of opened-heart or round-heart shape. By bal- anced fertilization, survival rate of grafted walnuts can be i...We applied water releasing from rootstocks technique and Juglans sigillata in Yangbi was pruned in the shape of opened-heart or round-heart shape. By bal- anced fertilization, survival rate of grafted walnuts can be improved. We reviewed technologies to enhance walnut quality and production efficiency in Gongshan Derung and Nu Autonomous County for reference.展开更多
Eight Juglans populations (4 populations of J. sigillata and 4 of J. regia), which are distributed in Yunnan, Sichuan, Henan, and Shanxi Province, were selected to investigate their genetic structure and diversity usi...Eight Juglans populations (4 populations of J. sigillata and 4 of J. regia), which are distributed in Yunnan, Sichuan, Henan, and Shanxi Province, were selected to investigate their genetic structure and diversity using 8 microsatellite loci. A moderate level of genetic diversity was observed at population level by the total 71 of alleles. The mean expected heterozygosity (H_e) of all populations was 0.618. The proportion of genetic differentiation among populations accounted for 19.6% of the whole diversity, and the gene flow between populations (N_m) was 1.02. The result of UPGMA clustering indicated that the populations were congregated according to their geographic distances instead of tree species.展开更多
文摘为了分析铁核桃基因组密码子使用模式及其主要影响因素,本研究利用Codon W 1.4.2和在线软件CUSP对源自铁核桃叶绿体基因组中的52个基因的密码子碱基组成规律进行分析,并作中性绘图、ENC-plot和偏倚性分析,通过计算高、低表达基因库间的ΔRSCU值来确定最优密码子。结果显示,密码子不同位置的GC含量存在差异,表现为GC1(46.59%)>GC2(39.03%)>GC3(27.47%);ENC值在37.68~58.08之间,且ENC值>45的有36个,占比69.23%;中性绘图分析显示GC12在0.306~0.543之间,GC3在0.300~0.365之间,GC12和GC3的相关系数为0.182,相关性不显著,回归系数为0.261 2;ENC-plot分析显示大部分基因位于标准曲线附近;偏倚性显示位于平面图的右下方位置的基因数量最多;最优密码子分别为UUU、UUA、GUA、AGU、ACU、UAU、CAA、AAA、GAA、UGU、AUU和GCA。以上结果说明铁核桃叶绿体基因组密码子偏好以A/T结尾,影响偏好性的主要因素为选择。本研究为以后通过外源基因密码子改造后以铁核桃叶绿体为载体进行异源表达及种源鉴定提供科学根据。
基金Supported by Guizhou Provincial Forestry Bureau Outstanding Youth Talent Training Special Fund Project(QLKH JZ[2022]05)National Natural Science(31860215)Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Achievement Promotion Program(QKHCG[2020]1Y051)。
文摘Wuren walnut is a unique germplasm resource of Juglans sigillata in Guizhou Province,named after its purple and black seed coat.It is a typical medicinal and edible plant with high nutritional value and good taste compared with ordinary walnut.The color of its inner seed coat is different from that of ordinary walnut,which is mostly light yellow.Wuren walnut has great market potential for development.To lay a theoretical foundation for the future breeding of improved varieties,pollination tree configuration,and hybrid breeding of Wuren walnut in Guizhou Province,this paper summarized the current research status of pollen vitality and stigma acceptability of Guizhou Wuren walnut in recent years,and looked forward to future research and application.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31770367,41971071)Top-notch Young Talents Project of Yunnan Provincial "Ten Thousand Talents Program"(YNWR-QNBJ-2018-146)+5 种基金the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,CAS (ZDBS-LY-7001)Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan (2017FB027)CAS’ Youth Innovation Promotion Association (2019385)the Biological Resources Program,Chinese Academy of Sciences (KFJ-BRP-017-XX)the Postdoctoral International Exchange Program of the Office of China Postdoctoral Councilthe Postdoctoral Targeted Funding and Postdoctoral Research Fund of Yunnan Province
文摘Walnuts are highly valued for their rich nutritional profile and wide medicinal applications.This demand has led to the intensification of breeding activities in major walnut production areas such as southwest China,in order to develop more superior cultivars.With the increasing number of cultivars,accurate identification becomes fundamental to selecting the right cultivar for grafting,industrial processing or development of new cultivars.To ensure proper identification of cultivars and understand the genetic structure of wild and cultivated material,we genotyped 362 cultivated and wild individuals of walnut trees from southwest China(with two additional populations from Xinjiang,plus three cultivars from Canada,France and Belgium) using 36 polymorphic microsatellite loci.We found relatively low indices of genetic diversity(H_(O)=0.570,H_(E)=0.404,N_(A)=2.345) as well as a high level of clonality(>85% of cultivars),indicating reliance on genetically narrow sources of parental material for breeding.Our STRUCTURE and PCoA analyses generally delineated the two species,though considerable levels of introgression were also evident.More significantly,we detected a distinct genetic group of cultivated Juglans sigillata,which mainly comprised individuals of the popular ’Yangbidapao’ landrace.Finally,a core set of 18 SSR loci was selected,which was capable of identifying 32 cultivars.In a nutshell,our results call for more utilization of genetically disparate material,including wild walnut trees,as parental sources to breed for more cultivars.The data reported herein will significantly contribute towards the genetic improvement and conservation of the walnut germplasm in southwest China.
基金Supported by National Forestry Science and Technology Key Promotion Program([2014]TZYN01)~~
文摘We applied water releasing from rootstocks technique and Juglans sigillata in Yangbi was pruned in the shape of opened-heart or round-heart shape. By bal- anced fertilization, survival rate of grafted walnuts can be improved. We reviewed technologies to enhance walnut quality and production efficiency in Gongshan Derung and Nu Autonomous County for reference.
文摘Eight Juglans populations (4 populations of J. sigillata and 4 of J. regia), which are distributed in Yunnan, Sichuan, Henan, and Shanxi Province, were selected to investigate their genetic structure and diversity using 8 microsatellite loci. A moderate level of genetic diversity was observed at population level by the total 71 of alleles. The mean expected heterozygosity (H_e) of all populations was 0.618. The proportion of genetic differentiation among populations accounted for 19.6% of the whole diversity, and the gene flow between populations (N_m) was 1.02. The result of UPGMA clustering indicated that the populations were congregated according to their geographic distances instead of tree species.
