The trivalent ytterbium(Yb^(3+))ion has been extensively used as an emitter in short-wave infrared(SWIR)lasers,a sensitizer to activate other lanthanide ions for up-conversion luminescence,and a spectral converter in ...The trivalent ytterbium(Yb^(3+))ion has been extensively used as an emitter in short-wave infrared(SWIR)lasers,a sensitizer to activate other lanthanide ions for up-conversion luminescence,and a spectral converter in Ln^(3+)-Yb^(3+)doubly doped quantum cutting phosphors.Here we report a new function of the Yb^(3+)ion—as an efficient emitting center for SWIR persistent luminescence.We have developed the first real SWIR persistent phosphor,MgGeO3:Yb^(3+),which exhibits very-long persistent luminescence at around 1000 nm for longer than 100 h.The MgGeO3:Yb^(3+)phosphor is spectrally transparent to visible/near-infrared light(~400–900 nm)and is a promising ultraviolet-to-SWIR spectral convertor.The MgGeO3:Yb^(3+)phosphor also exhibits a photostimulated persistent luminescence capability,where the SWIR persistent emission in an ultraviolet-light pre-irradiated sample can be rejuvenated by low-energy light(white or red light)stimulation.The MgGeO3:Yb^(3+)phosphor is expected to have promising applications in biomedical imaging,night-vision surveillance and photovoltaics.展开更多
Reflectance spectroscopy is rapid,inexpensive,and non-destructive and can provide important information about the mineralogy of rocks and sediments.We measured the reflectance spectroscopy of Miocene red clay deposits...Reflectance spectroscopy is rapid,inexpensive,and non-destructive and can provide important information about the mineralogy of rocks and sediments.We measured the reflectance spectroscopy of Miocene red clay deposits on the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau,with the aim of developing a rapid methodology for detecting paleoclimatic changes.We obtained visible/near-infrared(VNIR)and short-wave infrared(SWIR)spectroscopy data from the red clay in the Jianzha Basin,and analyzed their relationship with independent paleoclimatic records,including mineral contents and environmental magnetic parameters.The results show that the VNIR parameters,including D500,D900,R500,and R900(where D and R represent the depth and reflectance of the absorption peaks around 500 and 900 nm,respectively)are temperature-sensitive and correlated with the magnetic susceptibility,frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility,and the marine δ^(18)O record.The results of frequency-domain analysis of the VNIR parameters show that they reflect climate change on orbital timescales.SWIR parameters,such as AS1400,D1400/D1900 and D1900(where AS represents the asymmetry of the absorption peaks around1400 nm),are correlated with the illite and montmorillonite content,and they are sensitive to the weathering intensity.The spectral parameters of the eolian red clay in the Jianzha Basin reflect regional climatic changes caused by the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau at~8.5 Ma and global climatic cooling at~7.2 Ma,and thus they are applicable as both regional and global paleoenvironmental indicators.展开更多
In this article, unique spectral features of short-wave infrared band of 1 μm–3 μm, and various applications related to the photodetectors and focal plane arrays in this band, are introduced briefly. In addition, t...In this article, unique spectral features of short-wave infrared band of 1 μm–3 μm, and various applications related to the photodetectors and focal plane arrays in this band, are introduced briefly. In addition, the different material systems for the devices in this band are outlined. Based on the background, the development of lattice-matched and wavelengthextended InGaAs photodetectors and focal plane arrays, including our continuous efforts in this field, are reviewed. These devices are concentrated on the applications in spectral sensing and imaging, exclusive of optical fiber communication.展开更多
Compared with the conventional first near-infrared(NIR-I,700900 nm)window,the short-wave infrared region(SWIR,900—1700nm)possesses the merits of the increasing tissue penetration depths and the suppression of scatter...Compared with the conventional first near-infrared(NIR-I,700900 nm)window,the short-wave infrared region(SWIR,900—1700nm)possesses the merits of the increasing tissue penetration depths and the suppression of scattering background,leading to great potential for in vivo imaging.Based on the limitations of the common spectral domain,and the superiority of the time-dimension,time-resolved imaging eliminates the auto-fuorescence in the biological tissue,thus supporting higher signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivities.The imaging technique is not affected by the difference in tissue composition or thickness and has the practical value of quan-titative in vivo detection.Almost all the relevant time-resolved imaging was carried out around lanthanide-doped upconversion nanomaterials,owing to the advantages of ultralong luminescence lifetime,excellent photostability,controllable morphology,easy surface modification and various strategies of regulating lifetime.Therefore,this review presents the research progress of SWIR time-resolved imaging technology based on nanomaterials doped with lanthanide ions as luminescence centers in recent years.展开更多
This paper examines GaSb short-wavelength infrared detectors employing planar PN junctions. The fabrication was based on the Zn diffusion process and the diffusion temperature was optimized. Characterization revealed ...This paper examines GaSb short-wavelength infrared detectors employing planar PN junctions. The fabrication was based on the Zn diffusion process and the diffusion temperature was optimized. Characterization revealed a 50% cut-off wavelength of 1.73 μm, a maximum detectivity of 8.73 × 10^(10) cm·Hz^(1/2)/W, and a minimum dark current density of 1.02 × 10^(-5) A/cm^(2).Additionally, a maximum quantum efficiency of 60.3% was achieved. Subsequent optimization of fabrication enabled the realization of a 320 × 256 focal plane array that exhibited satisfactory imaging results. Remarkably, the GaSb planar detectors demonstrated potential in low-cost short wavelength infrared imaging, without requiring material epitaxy or deposition.展开更多
Skeletal muscle has a robust regeneration ability that is impaired by severe injury,disease,and aging.resulting in a decline in skeletal muscle function.Therefore,improving skeletal muscle regeneration is a key challe...Skeletal muscle has a robust regeneration ability that is impaired by severe injury,disease,and aging.resulting in a decline in skeletal muscle function.Therefore,improving skeletal muscle regeneration is a key challenge in treating skeletal muscle-related disorders.Owing to their significant role in tissue regeneration,implantation of M2 macrophages(M2MФ)has great potential for improving skeletal muscle regeneration.Here,we present a short-wave infrared(SWIR)fluorescence imaging technique to obtain more in vivo information for an in-depth evaluation of the skeletal muscle regeneration effect after M2MФtransplantation.SWIR fluorescence imaging was employed to track implanted M2MФin the injured skeletal muscle of mouse models.It is found that the implanted M2MФaccumulated at the injury site for two weeks.Then,SWIR fluorescence imaging of blood vessels showed that M2MФimplantation could improve the relative perfusion ratio on day 5(1.09±0.09 vs 0.85±0.05;p=0.01)and day 9(1.38±0.16 vs 0.95±0.03;p=0.01)post-injury,as well as augment the degree of skeletal muscle regencration on day 13 post-injury.Finally,multiple linear regression analyses determined that post-injury time and relative perfusion ratio could be used as predictive indicators to evaluate skeletal muscle regeneration.These results provide more in vivo details about M2MФin skeletal muscle regeneration and confirm that M2MФcould promote angiogenesis and improve the degree of skeletal muscle repair,which will guide the research and development of M2MФimplantation to improve skeletal muscle regeneration.展开更多
Hydrated minerals provide direct indications of the early Martian water environment. The various clay minerals and evaporite salts found to date are mainly exposed in the ancient southern highlands of Mars. While it i...Hydrated minerals provide direct indications of the early Martian water environment. The various clay minerals and evaporite salts found to date are mainly exposed in the ancient southern highlands of Mars. While it is believed that the area of the northern lowlands could have hosted a global ocean in the past, its surface is covered with a layer of spectrally nonabsorbing materials, and orbital hyperspectral remote sensing has found only sparse evidence for the presence of water. China's first Mars exploration mission, Tianwen-1, landed in the putative ancient shoreline zone of the northern lowlands of Mars. Its rover,Zhurong, conducted high-spatial-resolution reconnaissance to reveal the geological and environmental evolution of this region.Owing to frequent dust storms, not only is the Martian surface covered with dust, but also the spectral calibration panels on the rover are affected by dust coverage. Data from the shortwave infrared(SWIR) spectrometer onboard the rover are also affected by other environmental factors such as instrumental temperature changes and atmospheric carbon dioxide absorption. This study recalibrated the in situ SWIR data to minimize the impact of the above factors. The recalibrated spectral data show that the reflectance of the landing area falls within the normal range of Martian soil, and confirm the presence of several important absorption peaks. The absorption characteristics indicate the presence of polyhydrated sulfates, gypsum, and hydrated silicates in the surface materials along the rover track, with sulfate content of <27–39 wt.%. Our results further confirm past activity of liquid water in the Zhurong rover landing area, providing mineralogical evidence supporting hypotheses related to underground water or an ancient shoreline.展开更多
We demonstrate an ultra-compact short-wave infrared[SWIR]multispectral detector chip by monolithically integrating the narrowband Fabry–Perot microcavities array with the In Ga As detector focal plane array.A 16-chan...We demonstrate an ultra-compact short-wave infrared[SWIR]multispectral detector chip by monolithically integrating the narrowband Fabry–Perot microcavities array with the In Ga As detector focal plane array.A 16-channel SWIR multispectral detector has been fabricated for demonstration.Sixteen different narrowband response spectra are acquired on a 64×64 pixels detector chip by four times combinatorial etching processes.The peak of the response spectra varies from1450 to 1666 nm with full width at half-maximum of 24 nm on average.The size of the SWIR multispectral detection system is remarkably reduced to a 2 mm^(2) detector chip.展开更多
基金support from the National Science Foundation(CAREER DMR-0955908,DMR-1403929)support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.81171463)support from the China Scholarship Council.
文摘The trivalent ytterbium(Yb^(3+))ion has been extensively used as an emitter in short-wave infrared(SWIR)lasers,a sensitizer to activate other lanthanide ions for up-conversion luminescence,and a spectral converter in Ln^(3+)-Yb^(3+)doubly doped quantum cutting phosphors.Here we report a new function of the Yb^(3+)ion—as an efficient emitting center for SWIR persistent luminescence.We have developed the first real SWIR persistent phosphor,MgGeO3:Yb^(3+),which exhibits very-long persistent luminescence at around 1000 nm for longer than 100 h.The MgGeO3:Yb^(3+)phosphor is spectrally transparent to visible/near-infrared light(~400–900 nm)and is a promising ultraviolet-to-SWIR spectral convertor.The MgGeO3:Yb^(3+)phosphor also exhibits a photostimulated persistent luminescence capability,where the SWIR persistent emission in an ultraviolet-light pre-irradiated sample can be rejuvenated by low-energy light(white or red light)stimulation.The MgGeO3:Yb^(3+)phosphor is expected to have promising applications in biomedical imaging,night-vision surveillance and photovoltaics.
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)Program(Grant Nos.2019QZKK0704&2019QZKK0101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42272221&41772167)+1 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology(Grant No.SKLLQG1905)the Central University Research Foundation,Chang’an University(Grant Nos.300102272901)。
文摘Reflectance spectroscopy is rapid,inexpensive,and non-destructive and can provide important information about the mineralogy of rocks and sediments.We measured the reflectance spectroscopy of Miocene red clay deposits on the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau,with the aim of developing a rapid methodology for detecting paleoclimatic changes.We obtained visible/near-infrared(VNIR)and short-wave infrared(SWIR)spectroscopy data from the red clay in the Jianzha Basin,and analyzed their relationship with independent paleoclimatic records,including mineral contents and environmental magnetic parameters.The results show that the VNIR parameters,including D500,D900,R500,and R900(where D and R represent the depth and reflectance of the absorption peaks around 500 and 900 nm,respectively)are temperature-sensitive and correlated with the magnetic susceptibility,frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility,and the marine δ^(18)O record.The results of frequency-domain analysis of the VNIR parameters show that they reflect climate change on orbital timescales.SWIR parameters,such as AS1400,D1400/D1900 and D1900(where AS represents the asymmetry of the absorption peaks around1400 nm),are correlated with the illite and montmorillonite content,and they are sensitive to the weathering intensity.The spectral parameters of the eolian red clay in the Jianzha Basin reflect regional climatic changes caused by the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau at~8.5 Ma and global climatic cooling at~7.2 Ma,and thus they are applicable as both regional and global paleoenvironmental indicators.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFB0402400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61675225,61605232,and 61775228)the Shanghai Rising-Star Program,China(Grant No.17QA1404900)
文摘In this article, unique spectral features of short-wave infrared band of 1 μm–3 μm, and various applications related to the photodetectors and focal plane arrays in this band, are introduced briefly. In addition, the different material systems for the devices in this band are outlined. Based on the background, the development of lattice-matched and wavelengthextended InGaAs photodetectors and focal plane arrays, including our continuous efforts in this field, are reviewed. These devices are concentrated on the applications in spectral sensing and imaging, exclusive of optical fiber communication.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81971704)the National Key ResearchandDevelopment Program of China(No.2017YFA0205304)the Translational Medicine Research Fund of National Facility for Translational Medicine(Shanghai)(No.TMSK-2021-117)。
文摘Compared with the conventional first near-infrared(NIR-I,700900 nm)window,the short-wave infrared region(SWIR,900—1700nm)possesses the merits of the increasing tissue penetration depths and the suppression of scattering background,leading to great potential for in vivo imaging.Based on the limitations of the common spectral domain,and the superiority of the time-dimension,time-resolved imaging eliminates the auto-fuorescence in the biological tissue,thus supporting higher signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivities.The imaging technique is not affected by the difference in tissue composition or thickness and has the practical value of quan-titative in vivo detection.Almost all the relevant time-resolved imaging was carried out around lanthanide-doped upconversion nanomaterials,owing to the advantages of ultralong luminescence lifetime,excellent photostability,controllable morphology,easy surface modification and various strategies of regulating lifetime.Therefore,this review presents the research progress of SWIR time-resolved imaging technology based on nanomaterials doped with lanthanide ions as luminescence centers in recent years.
文摘This paper examines GaSb short-wavelength infrared detectors employing planar PN junctions. The fabrication was based on the Zn diffusion process and the diffusion temperature was optimized. Characterization revealed a 50% cut-off wavelength of 1.73 μm, a maximum detectivity of 8.73 × 10^(10) cm·Hz^(1/2)/W, and a minimum dark current density of 1.02 × 10^(-5) A/cm^(2).Additionally, a maximum quantum efficiency of 60.3% was achieved. Subsequent optimization of fabrication enabled the realization of a 320 × 256 focal plane array that exhibited satisfactory imaging results. Remarkably, the GaSb planar detectors demonstrated potential in low-cost short wavelength infrared imaging, without requiring material epitaxy or deposition.
基金supported by Shanghai Sailing Program(22YF1438700)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1201303)+5 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(82172511,81972121,81972129,82072521,82011530023,and 82111530200)Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen(SZSM201612078)the Introduction Project of Clinical Medicine Expert Team for Suzhou(SZYJTD201714)Shanghai Talent Development Funding Scheme 2020080Shanghai Sailing Program(21YF1404100 and 22YF1405200)Research Project of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(22DZ2204900)。
文摘Skeletal muscle has a robust regeneration ability that is impaired by severe injury,disease,and aging.resulting in a decline in skeletal muscle function.Therefore,improving skeletal muscle regeneration is a key challenge in treating skeletal muscle-related disorders.Owing to their significant role in tissue regeneration,implantation of M2 macrophages(M2MФ)has great potential for improving skeletal muscle regeneration.Here,we present a short-wave infrared(SWIR)fluorescence imaging technique to obtain more in vivo information for an in-depth evaluation of the skeletal muscle regeneration effect after M2MФtransplantation.SWIR fluorescence imaging was employed to track implanted M2MФin the injured skeletal muscle of mouse models.It is found that the implanted M2MФaccumulated at the injury site for two weeks.Then,SWIR fluorescence imaging of blood vessels showed that M2MФimplantation could improve the relative perfusion ratio on day 5(1.09±0.09 vs 0.85±0.05;p=0.01)and day 9(1.38±0.16 vs 0.95±0.03;p=0.01)post-injury,as well as augment the degree of skeletal muscle regencration on day 13 post-injury.Finally,multiple linear regression analyses determined that post-injury time and relative perfusion ratio could be used as predictive indicators to evaluate skeletal muscle regeneration.These results provide more in vivo details about M2MФin skeletal muscle regeneration and confirm that M2MФcould promote angiogenesis and improve the degree of skeletal muscle repair,which will guide the research and development of M2MФimplantation to improve skeletal muscle regeneration.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2022YFF0504000)the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. ZDBS-SSW-TLC00106)+1 种基金the Key Research Program of the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. IGGCAS-202102)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. 2023071),the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST (Grant No. 2021QNRC001)。
文摘Hydrated minerals provide direct indications of the early Martian water environment. The various clay minerals and evaporite salts found to date are mainly exposed in the ancient southern highlands of Mars. While it is believed that the area of the northern lowlands could have hosted a global ocean in the past, its surface is covered with a layer of spectrally nonabsorbing materials, and orbital hyperspectral remote sensing has found only sparse evidence for the presence of water. China's first Mars exploration mission, Tianwen-1, landed in the putative ancient shoreline zone of the northern lowlands of Mars. Its rover,Zhurong, conducted high-spatial-resolution reconnaissance to reveal the geological and environmental evolution of this region.Owing to frequent dust storms, not only is the Martian surface covered with dust, but also the spectral calibration panels on the rover are affected by dust coverage. Data from the shortwave infrared(SWIR) spectrometer onboard the rover are also affected by other environmental factors such as instrumental temperature changes and atmospheric carbon dioxide absorption. This study recalibrated the in situ SWIR data to minimize the impact of the above factors. The recalibrated spectral data show that the reflectance of the landing area falls within the normal range of Martian soil, and confirm the presence of several important absorption peaks. The absorption characteristics indicate the presence of polyhydrated sulfates, gypsum, and hydrated silicates in the surface materials along the rover track, with sulfate content of <27–39 wt.%. Our results further confirm past activity of liquid water in the Zhurong rover landing area, providing mineralogical evidence supporting hypotheses related to underground water or an ancient shoreline.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.11874376)Shanghai Science and Technology Foundations(Nos.19DZ2293400 and 19ZR1465900)+1 种基金Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(No.2019SHZDZX01)Chinese Academy of Sciences President’s International Fellowship Initiative(No.2021PT0007)。
文摘We demonstrate an ultra-compact short-wave infrared[SWIR]multispectral detector chip by monolithically integrating the narrowband Fabry–Perot microcavities array with the In Ga As detector focal plane array.A 16-channel SWIR multispectral detector has been fabricated for demonstration.Sixteen different narrowband response spectra are acquired on a 64×64 pixels detector chip by four times combinatorial etching processes.The peak of the response spectra varies from1450 to 1666 nm with full width at half-maximum of 24 nm on average.The size of the SWIR multispectral detection system is remarkably reduced to a 2 mm^(2) detector chip.
