Liangshan Prefecture in Sichuan province, China, has a high prevalence of HIV infection, which is reflective of a change in the mode of transmission from injection drug use （IDU） to heterosexual intercourse. However...Liangshan Prefecture in Sichuan province, China, has a high prevalence of HIV infection, which is reflective of a change in the mode of transmission from injection drug use （IDU） to heterosexual intercourse. However, few studies focus on HIV-related heterosexual risk behaviours among the majority Yi population. The objectives of this study were to explore the characteristics of an egocentric sexual network and estimate the prevalence of casual sexual behaviour. Yi villagers （n= 108）, aged 15-35 years, who reported having had sex within the previous year were interviewed as to their sexual behaviours and networks. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions provided supplementary information on sexual norms. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate unadjusted odds ratios （ORs） and 95% confidence intervals （CIs）. Most of the respondents reported having had casual sex at some time in their life, and 66.7% reported multiple sexual partnerships. Only 21.3% reported ever having used a condom. During the study year, a total of 137 partners were involved in 153 sexual partnerships. Among the reported sexual partnerships, 67.3% originated from a casual sexual relationship. For network members in components of size ≥3, 56,9% were involved in concurrent sexual partnerships. Having never been married （OR： 2.11; 95% CI： 1.03-4.33） and younger age （OR： 0.89; 95% CI： 0.83-0.95） were both associated with being in a component of size ≥3. Size （OR： 2.99; 95% Ch 1.17-7.66）, pair （OR： 0.54; 95% Ch 0.039-0.74）, the number of weak components of the egocentric sexual network （OR- 30.04; 95% Ch 6.47-139.46） and gender （OR. 0. 19; 95% Ch. 0.06-0.67） were all associated with being in concurrent sexual partnerships. HIV-related interventions for the Yi ethnic minority in Sichuan province must therefore address concurrent sexual partnerships and promote condom use.展开更多
目的了解河北省经性途径感染艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)病例的流行特征,为制定防治策略提供参考依据。方法对河北省经性途径感染艾滋病病例的调查资料进行分析。结果2004-2013年间河北省累计报告经男男同性性行为...目的了解河北省经性途径感染艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)病例的流行特征,为制定防治策略提供参考依据。方法对河北省经性途径感染艾滋病病例的调查资料进行分析。结果2004-2013年间河北省累计报告经男男同性性行为(men who have sex with men,MSM)感染病例1 706例,报告经异性传播感染病例926例。2009年之后经同性传播成为最主要感染途径。MSM病例被发现时平均年龄(33.98±11.76)岁,未婚居多(46.72%),高中及以上文化程度者占58.91%;经异性传播病例被发现时年龄(39.45±12.22)岁,已婚者居多(57.67%),初中及以下文化程度者64.04%。两类途径中均发现部分学生病例。经MSM感染的病人中,有77.80%是在被发现后1年内发病,在经异性传播感染的病人中,该比例为76.37%。结论不同感染途径的性传播病例在社会人口学特征及流行特征上不同,应针对不同人群分类制订干预措施。在学生群体中加大艾滋病宣传,提高其危机意识。在各类高危人群中扩大检测,尽早发现感染者,减少其传播风险。展开更多
The aim of this study was to compare the long-term postoperative status of hypospadiac patients by analysing their sexual psychology, sexual behaviour, sexual function and influencing factors. A total of 130 hypospadi...The aim of this study was to compare the long-term postoperative status of hypospadiac patients by analysing their sexual psychology, sexual behaviour, sexual function and influencing factors. A total of 130 hypospadiac patients hospitalized between January 1988 and December 2007 were followed up with questionnaires using Zung＇s Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS）, Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS）, a self-designed sexual function questionnaire and a 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function （IIEF-5）. The surveys served to evaluate the effects of hypospadias type, number of operations and surgical procedures on sexual psychology, sexual behaviour and sexual function. The control group consisted of 50 healthy adults. The postoperative SDS / SAS scores and occurrences of depression/anxiety in hypospadiac patients were significantly higher than those of normal controls （P 〈 0.001）. Patients with proximal hypospadias and multiple procedures differed from those with distal hypospadias and a single procedure in all parameters of sexual psychology （P 〈 0.05）. The average penile lengths and circumferences ofhypospadiac patients under either erect or flaccid conditions were significantly shorter than those of normal controls （P 〈 0.001）. A similar difference existed between patients with distal and proximal hypospadias （P 〈 0.01）. There was no significant difference in any parameter of sexual function between patients with different numbers of operations and surgical procedures. Hypospadiac patients were clearly impaired in sexual psychology and penile development. The severity of hypospadias and number of operations were key factors that influenced the sexual psychology of patients. This finding indicated the importance of long-term follow-up and psychological counselling for hypospadiac patients postoperatively.展开更多
Objective To promote healthy sexual behaviour among rural college youth. Methods The intervention study consisted a sample of 1 500 （800 male and 700female） in baseline and 1 953 （1 022 male and 931 female） colleg...Objective To promote healthy sexual behaviour among rural college youth. Methods The intervention study consisted a sample of 1 500 （800 male and 700female） in baseline and 1 953 （1 022 male and 931 female） college going students in post intervention, in the age groups 15-24 years from 8 colleges in Thane district of Maharashtra. The interventions included dissemination of lEC （Information, Education and Communication）, counselling in colleges and provision of health care services at rural health centers in the experimental area. Male and female teachers and peer leaders were trained to provide IEC. Chi-square test was carried out to find out the association between contributing factors and sexual behaviour. Results Post intervention results showed that overall any sexual experience （coital/ non-coital） increased by 2.6% and 1.0% among male students and 4.6% and 0.8% among female students in control and experimental groups respectively which suggests that in the control area physical closeness and sexual relationship has increased between sexes. A significant improvement was noted in the usage of condom during their sexual intercourse in experimental group. The provision of IEC in college settings, peer leader training and orientation to teachers helped students and teachers to initiate a dialogue on reproductive health issues. Intervention programs helped college youth to develop the skills, make informed decisions about engaging in sexual intercourse and using contraceptives in a social context that sometimes encourages risky sexual behaviour. The study found that peer interaction was exposure to erotic material; habits and working status among boys and peer interaction and place of study among girls were closely associated with their coital and non-coital sex experience. Conclusion A scientifically developed, need based and demand driven reproductive health service package for male and female students in colleges can help them to develop their knowledge, skills and attitudes for critical thinki展开更多
文摘Liangshan Prefecture in Sichuan province, China, has a high prevalence of HIV infection, which is reflective of a change in the mode of transmission from injection drug use （IDU） to heterosexual intercourse. However, few studies focus on HIV-related heterosexual risk behaviours among the majority Yi population. The objectives of this study were to explore the characteristics of an egocentric sexual network and estimate the prevalence of casual sexual behaviour. Yi villagers （n= 108）, aged 15-35 years, who reported having had sex within the previous year were interviewed as to their sexual behaviours and networks. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions provided supplementary information on sexual norms. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate unadjusted odds ratios （ORs） and 95% confidence intervals （CIs）. Most of the respondents reported having had casual sex at some time in their life, and 66.7% reported multiple sexual partnerships. Only 21.3% reported ever having used a condom. During the study year, a total of 137 partners were involved in 153 sexual partnerships. Among the reported sexual partnerships, 67.3% originated from a casual sexual relationship. For network members in components of size ≥3, 56,9% were involved in concurrent sexual partnerships. Having never been married （OR： 2.11; 95% CI： 1.03-4.33） and younger age （OR： 0.89; 95% CI： 0.83-0.95） were both associated with being in a component of size ≥3. Size （OR： 2.99; 95% Ch 1.17-7.66）, pair （OR： 0.54; 95% Ch 0.039-0.74）, the number of weak components of the egocentric sexual network （OR- 30.04; 95% Ch 6.47-139.46） and gender （OR. 0. 19; 95% Ch. 0.06-0.67） were all associated with being in concurrent sexual partnerships. HIV-related interventions for the Yi ethnic minority in Sichuan province must therefore address concurrent sexual partnerships and promote condom use.
文摘目的了解河北省经性途径感染艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)病例的流行特征,为制定防治策略提供参考依据。方法对河北省经性途径感染艾滋病病例的调查资料进行分析。结果2004-2013年间河北省累计报告经男男同性性行为(men who have sex with men,MSM)感染病例1 706例,报告经异性传播感染病例926例。2009年之后经同性传播成为最主要感染途径。MSM病例被发现时平均年龄(33.98±11.76)岁,未婚居多(46.72%),高中及以上文化程度者占58.91%;经异性传播病例被发现时年龄(39.45±12.22)岁,已婚者居多(57.67%),初中及以下文化程度者64.04%。两类途径中均发现部分学生病例。经MSM感染的病人中,有77.80%是在被发现后1年内发病,在经异性传播感染的病人中,该比例为76.37%。结论不同感染途径的性传播病例在社会人口学特征及流行特征上不同,应针对不同人群分类制订干预措施。在学生群体中加大艾滋病宣传,提高其危机意识。在各类高危人群中扩大检测,尽早发现感染者,减少其传播风险。
文摘The aim of this study was to compare the long-term postoperative status of hypospadiac patients by analysing their sexual psychology, sexual behaviour, sexual function and influencing factors. A total of 130 hypospadiac patients hospitalized between January 1988 and December 2007 were followed up with questionnaires using Zung＇s Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS）, Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS）, a self-designed sexual function questionnaire and a 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function （IIEF-5）. The surveys served to evaluate the effects of hypospadias type, number of operations and surgical procedures on sexual psychology, sexual behaviour and sexual function. The control group consisted of 50 healthy adults. The postoperative SDS / SAS scores and occurrences of depression/anxiety in hypospadiac patients were significantly higher than those of normal controls （P 〈 0.001）. Patients with proximal hypospadias and multiple procedures differed from those with distal hypospadias and a single procedure in all parameters of sexual psychology （P 〈 0.05）. The average penile lengths and circumferences ofhypospadiac patients under either erect or flaccid conditions were significantly shorter than those of normal controls （P 〈 0.001）. A similar difference existed between patients with distal and proximal hypospadias （P 〈 0.01）. There was no significant difference in any parameter of sexual function between patients with different numbers of operations and surgical procedures. Hypospadiac patients were clearly impaired in sexual psychology and penile development. The severity of hypospadias and number of operations were key factors that influenced the sexual psychology of patients. This finding indicated the importance of long-term follow-up and psychological counselling for hypospadiac patients postoperatively.
文摘Objective To promote healthy sexual behaviour among rural college youth. Methods The intervention study consisted a sample of 1 500 （800 male and 700female） in baseline and 1 953 （1 022 male and 931 female） college going students in post intervention, in the age groups 15-24 years from 8 colleges in Thane district of Maharashtra. The interventions included dissemination of lEC （Information, Education and Communication）, counselling in colleges and provision of health care services at rural health centers in the experimental area. Male and female teachers and peer leaders were trained to provide IEC. Chi-square test was carried out to find out the association between contributing factors and sexual behaviour. Results Post intervention results showed that overall any sexual experience （coital/ non-coital） increased by 2.6% and 1.0% among male students and 4.6% and 0.8% among female students in control and experimental groups respectively which suggests that in the control area physical closeness and sexual relationship has increased between sexes. A significant improvement was noted in the usage of condom during their sexual intercourse in experimental group. The provision of IEC in college settings, peer leader training and orientation to teachers helped students and teachers to initiate a dialogue on reproductive health issues. Intervention programs helped college youth to develop the skills, make informed decisions about engaging in sexual intercourse and using contraceptives in a social context that sometimes encourages risky sexual behaviour. The study found that peer interaction was exposure to erotic material; habits and working status among boys and peer interaction and place of study among girls were closely associated with their coital and non-coital sex experience. Conclusion A scientifically developed, need based and demand driven reproductive health service package for male and female students in colleges can help them to develop their knowledge, skills and attitudes for critical thinki
