目的:本研究探讨上肢机器人分离运动训练改善脑卒中患者上肢运动功能的疗效,并通过分析其经颅磁刺激运动诱发电位(transcranial magnetic stimulation motor-evoked potential,MEP),进一步探讨其相关机制。方法:招募符合条件的脑卒中患...目的:本研究探讨上肢机器人分离运动训练改善脑卒中患者上肢运动功能的疗效,并通过分析其经颅磁刺激运动诱发电位(transcranial magnetic stimulation motor-evoked potential,MEP),进一步探讨其相关机制。方法:招募符合条件的脑卒中患者作为研究对象并随机分为试验组(n=21)和对照组(n=23),试验组进行固定轨迹(肘关节屈曲伸直、肩关节内收外展的分离运动)的上肢机器人训练,对照组进行随意运动轨迹(够取物品的复合动作)的上肢机器人训练。两组的机器人训练均1次/天,20min/次,5次/周,连续3周;对两组患者分别进行Fugl-Meyer上肢运动功能评分(Fugl-Meyer assessment of upper extremity,FMA-UE)和改良Barthel指数(modified Barthel index,MBI)的评定。检测两组患者治疗前后MEP的潜伏期以及中枢运动传导时间(central motor conduction time,CMCT)。结果:治疗3周后试验组患者的FMA-UE、MBI评分及MEP与治疗前比较均有改善(P<0.05),对照组患者的FMAUE、MBI评分、MEP与治疗前比无明显差异(P>0.05);治疗3周后组间比较,两组患者的FMA-UE、MBI评分及MEP无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:上肢机器人的分离运动训练能改善脑卒中患者上肢运动功能,提高脑卒中患者日常生活自理能力,这可能与增强了脑卒中患者的脑功能重塑有关。展开更多
In order to discover the damage mechanism and improve separation performance in the separation process of potato-soil mixture,the experiment was conducted on an in-house test-bed.The impact recording device and high-s...In order to discover the damage mechanism and improve separation performance in the separation process of potato-soil mixture,the experiment was conducted on an in-house test-bed.The impact recording device and high-speed camera technology were employed in order to obtain the instantaneous dynamics of the potato-soil mixture for detail data analysis.Five vibration intensities were defined according to the vibration frequency and amplitude.It was found that the mean number of impacts and maximum impact acceleration increased significantly as the level of vibration intensity rose.As a result,the separation performance increased significantly,however,the bruising rate also increased to a certain extent.The mathematical relationship between the maximum impact acceleration and the factors of interest,including vibration amplitude,the vibration frequency and the operating speed of the separation sieves was established through the response surface experiment.It was demonstrated that the presented model was capable to reflect the degree of the factors on influencing bruising rate and separation performance.According to the significance on the maximum impact acceleration,the factors of interest were given in a descending order with vibration frequency,vibration amplitude,running speed of the separation sieve.A set of the optimum operating parameters were found to achieve a desired separation performance as follows,the vibration amplitude was 34.1 mm,the vibration frequency was 5.24 Hz,the running speed of the separation sieve was 2.05 m/s;where the maximum impact acceleration was 98.62 g,the relative error was 3.23%,the bruising rate was 1.81%and the separation performance was 98.5%.The presented model can potentially provide a technical reference for further investigation of the separation mechanism and development of measures for reducing the loss of separation.展开更多
The objective of this paper is to utilize images of spatial and temporal fluctuations of temperature over the Earth to study the global climate variation. We illustrated that monthly temperature observations from weat...The objective of this paper is to utilize images of spatial and temporal fluctuations of temperature over the Earth to study the global climate variation. We illustrated that monthly temperature observations from weather stations could be decomposed as components with different time scales based on their spectral distribution. Kolmogorov-Zurbenko (KZ) filters were applied to smooth and interpolate gridded temperature data to construct global maps for long-term (≥ 6 years) trends and El Nino-like (2 to 5 years) movements over the time period of 1893 to 2008. Annual temperature seasonality, latitude and altitude effects have been carefully accounted for to capture meaningful spatiotemporal patterns of climate variability. The result revealed striking facts about global temperature anomalies for specific regions. Correlation analysis and the movie of thermal maps for El Nino-like component clearly supported the existence of such climate fluctuations in time and space.展开更多
In India,the majority of urban roads are undivided where the behavior of flows in a particular direction is predominantly influenced by the opposing traffic.Due to lack of lane segregation,the vehicles in ongoing dire...In India,the majority of urban roads are undivided where the behavior of flows in a particular direction is predominantly influenced by the opposing traffic.Due to lack of lane segregation,the vehicles in ongoing direction occupy the opposing lane,which increases the lateral interactions between vehicles.These lateral interactions are influenced by various parameters such as vehicle types,driver behavior and vehicular speeds.Study of such complex interactions plays an important role in evaluating various management measures using microscopic simulation models.The lateral characteristics of vehicles,such as placement,separation and movement,act as necessary input for simulation models.The present study aims to analyze and model the lateral characteristics of vehicles on two-lane urban undivided roads.To achieve this,traffic flow data were collected from an urban undivided mid-block section in Bangalore City,India,using video graphic technique.Multiple linear regression model was developed for predicting the lateral placement of subject vehicle and it was found that lateral placement of subject vehicle is influenced by types and speeds of subject and opposing vehicles.Lateral separation for different types of ongoing(subject)and opposing pairs was also analyzed.The results show that both the ongoing and opposing vehicles have less freedom to move laterally when their sizes increase and hence,lateral separation decreases.The choice of path of vehicles’lateral shifts(left,current and right)on urban undivided roads was modeled using multinomial logistic regression.Lateral shift of a vehicle is influenced by speeds of subject vehicle and leader vehicle in current path,speed of leader vehicle in target path,and lateral gap between leader vehicles in current path and target path.展开更多
文摘目的:本研究探讨上肢机器人分离运动训练改善脑卒中患者上肢运动功能的疗效,并通过分析其经颅磁刺激运动诱发电位(transcranial magnetic stimulation motor-evoked potential,MEP),进一步探讨其相关机制。方法:招募符合条件的脑卒中患者作为研究对象并随机分为试验组(n=21)和对照组(n=23),试验组进行固定轨迹(肘关节屈曲伸直、肩关节内收外展的分离运动)的上肢机器人训练,对照组进行随意运动轨迹(够取物品的复合动作)的上肢机器人训练。两组的机器人训练均1次/天,20min/次,5次/周,连续3周;对两组患者分别进行Fugl-Meyer上肢运动功能评分(Fugl-Meyer assessment of upper extremity,FMA-UE)和改良Barthel指数(modified Barthel index,MBI)的评定。检测两组患者治疗前后MEP的潜伏期以及中枢运动传导时间(central motor conduction time,CMCT)。结果:治疗3周后试验组患者的FMA-UE、MBI评分及MEP与治疗前比较均有改善(P<0.05),对照组患者的FMAUE、MBI评分、MEP与治疗前比无明显差异(P>0.05);治疗3周后组间比较,两组患者的FMA-UE、MBI评分及MEP无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:上肢机器人的分离运动训练能改善脑卒中患者上肢运动功能,提高脑卒中患者日常生活自理能力,这可能与增强了脑卒中患者的脑功能重塑有关。
基金supported by the Program for National Key Research and Development Plan(2016YFD0701603-02)Shandong Taishan Industry Leading Talent Project(LJNY201615)+2 种基金Shandong Province Major Science and Technology Innovation Project(2017CXGC0219)Innovative Research Team in University of China(IRT13039)Shandong Province Agricultural Machinery Equipment Research and Development and Innovation Project(2016YF034).
文摘In order to discover the damage mechanism and improve separation performance in the separation process of potato-soil mixture,the experiment was conducted on an in-house test-bed.The impact recording device and high-speed camera technology were employed in order to obtain the instantaneous dynamics of the potato-soil mixture for detail data analysis.Five vibration intensities were defined according to the vibration frequency and amplitude.It was found that the mean number of impacts and maximum impact acceleration increased significantly as the level of vibration intensity rose.As a result,the separation performance increased significantly,however,the bruising rate also increased to a certain extent.The mathematical relationship between the maximum impact acceleration and the factors of interest,including vibration amplitude,the vibration frequency and the operating speed of the separation sieves was established through the response surface experiment.It was demonstrated that the presented model was capable to reflect the degree of the factors on influencing bruising rate and separation performance.According to the significance on the maximum impact acceleration,the factors of interest were given in a descending order with vibration frequency,vibration amplitude,running speed of the separation sieve.A set of the optimum operating parameters were found to achieve a desired separation performance as follows,the vibration amplitude was 34.1 mm,the vibration frequency was 5.24 Hz,the running speed of the separation sieve was 2.05 m/s;where the maximum impact acceleration was 98.62 g,the relative error was 3.23%,the bruising rate was 1.81%and the separation performance was 98.5%.The presented model can potentially provide a technical reference for further investigation of the separation mechanism and development of measures for reducing the loss of separation.
文摘The objective of this paper is to utilize images of spatial and temporal fluctuations of temperature over the Earth to study the global climate variation. We illustrated that monthly temperature observations from weather stations could be decomposed as components with different time scales based on their spectral distribution. Kolmogorov-Zurbenko (KZ) filters were applied to smooth and interpolate gridded temperature data to construct global maps for long-term (≥ 6 years) trends and El Nino-like (2 to 5 years) movements over the time period of 1893 to 2008. Annual temperature seasonality, latitude and altitude effects have been carefully accounted for to capture meaningful spatiotemporal patterns of climate variability. The result revealed striking facts about global temperature anomalies for specific regions. Correlation analysis and the movie of thermal maps for El Nino-like component clearly supported the existence of such climate fluctuations in time and space.
文摘In India,the majority of urban roads are undivided where the behavior of flows in a particular direction is predominantly influenced by the opposing traffic.Due to lack of lane segregation,the vehicles in ongoing direction occupy the opposing lane,which increases the lateral interactions between vehicles.These lateral interactions are influenced by various parameters such as vehicle types,driver behavior and vehicular speeds.Study of such complex interactions plays an important role in evaluating various management measures using microscopic simulation models.The lateral characteristics of vehicles,such as placement,separation and movement,act as necessary input for simulation models.The present study aims to analyze and model the lateral characteristics of vehicles on two-lane urban undivided roads.To achieve this,traffic flow data were collected from an urban undivided mid-block section in Bangalore City,India,using video graphic technique.Multiple linear regression model was developed for predicting the lateral placement of subject vehicle and it was found that lateral placement of subject vehicle is influenced by types and speeds of subject and opposing vehicles.Lateral separation for different types of ongoing(subject)and opposing pairs was also analyzed.The results show that both the ongoing and opposing vehicles have less freedom to move laterally when their sizes increase and hence,lateral separation decreases.The choice of path of vehicles’lateral shifts(left,current and right)on urban undivided roads was modeled using multinomial logistic regression.Lateral shift of a vehicle is influenced by speeds of subject vehicle and leader vehicle in current path,speed of leader vehicle in target path,and lateral gap between leader vehicles in current path and target path.
