Plasmacytoid dendritic cells(pDCs),also known as type I interferon(IFN)-producing cells,are specialized immune cells characterized by their extraordinary capabilities of mounting rapid and massive type I IFN response ...Plasmacytoid dendritic cells(pDCs),also known as type I interferon(IFN)-producing cells,are specialized immune cells characterized by their extraordinary capabilities of mounting rapid and massive type I IFN response to nu-cleic acids derived from virus,bacteria or dead cells.PDCs selectively express endosomal Toll-like receptor(TLR)7 and TLR9,which sense viral RNA and DNA re-spectively.Following type I IFN and cytokine responses,pDCs differentiate into antigen presenting cells and ac-quire the ability to regulate T cell-mediated adaptive immunity.The functions of pDCs have been implicated not only in antiviral innate immunity but also in immune tolerance,inflammation and tumor microenvironments.In this review,we will focus on TLR7/9 signaling and their regulation by pDC-specific receptors.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Phospholipid scramblase 1(PLSCR1) not only participates in the transbilayer movement of phospholipids,but also plays a role in the pathogenesis and progression of cancers.The present study aimed to evaluate...BACKGROUND:Phospholipid scramblase 1(PLSCR1) not only participates in the transbilayer movement of phospholipids,but also plays a role in the pathogenesis and progression of cancers.The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of silencing PLSCR1 expression by RNA interference in colorectal cancer(CRC) and metastatic liver cancer.METHODS:The expression of PLSCR1 in CRC and metastatic liver cancer samples was assessed by immunohistochemistry.The cultured cells with the highest expression were selected for subsequent experiments.We designed three siRNA oligonucleotide segments targeted at PLSCR1.Successful transfection was confirmed.The biological behavior of the cells in proliferation,adhesion,migration and invasion was determined.RESULTS:PLSCR1 protein expression increased significantly in the majority of CRC and metastatic liver cancer samples compared with normal samples.Lovo cells had the highest expression of PLSCR1.The siRNA-390 oligonucleotide segment had the best silencing effect.After transfection,Lovo cell proliferation was significantly inhibited compared with the controls in the MTT assay.Laminin and fibronectin adhesion assays showed Lovo cell adhesion was also significantly inhibited.In the migration assay,the number of migrating cells in the PLSCR1 siRNA-390 group was 50±12,significantly lower than the number in the siRNA-N group(115±28) and in the control group(118±31).In an invasion test,the number of invading cells in the PLSCR1 siRNA-390 group was 60±18,significantly lower than that in the siRNA-N group(97±26) and the control group(103±24).CONCLUSIONS:PLSCR1 is overexpressed in CRC and metastatic liver cancer.Silencing of PLSCR1 by siRNA inhibits the proliferation,adhesion,migration and invasion of Lovo cells,which suggests that PLSCR1 contributes to the tumorigenesis and tumor progression of CRC.PLSCR1 may be a potential gene therapy target for CRC and associated metastatic liver cancer.展开更多
文摘Plasmacytoid dendritic cells(pDCs),also known as type I interferon(IFN)-producing cells,are specialized immune cells characterized by their extraordinary capabilities of mounting rapid and massive type I IFN response to nu-cleic acids derived from virus,bacteria or dead cells.PDCs selectively express endosomal Toll-like receptor(TLR)7 and TLR9,which sense viral RNA and DNA re-spectively.Following type I IFN and cytokine responses,pDCs differentiate into antigen presenting cells and ac-quire the ability to regulate T cell-mediated adaptive immunity.The functions of pDCs have been implicated not only in antiviral innate immunity but also in immune tolerance,inflammation and tumor microenvironments.In this review,we will focus on TLR7/9 signaling and their regulation by pDC-specific receptors.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81041025 and 81000189)
文摘BACKGROUND:Phospholipid scramblase 1(PLSCR1) not only participates in the transbilayer movement of phospholipids,but also plays a role in the pathogenesis and progression of cancers.The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of silencing PLSCR1 expression by RNA interference in colorectal cancer(CRC) and metastatic liver cancer.METHODS:The expression of PLSCR1 in CRC and metastatic liver cancer samples was assessed by immunohistochemistry.The cultured cells with the highest expression were selected for subsequent experiments.We designed three siRNA oligonucleotide segments targeted at PLSCR1.Successful transfection was confirmed.The biological behavior of the cells in proliferation,adhesion,migration and invasion was determined.RESULTS:PLSCR1 protein expression increased significantly in the majority of CRC and metastatic liver cancer samples compared with normal samples.Lovo cells had the highest expression of PLSCR1.The siRNA-390 oligonucleotide segment had the best silencing effect.After transfection,Lovo cell proliferation was significantly inhibited compared with the controls in the MTT assay.Laminin and fibronectin adhesion assays showed Lovo cell adhesion was also significantly inhibited.In the migration assay,the number of migrating cells in the PLSCR1 siRNA-390 group was 50±12,significantly lower than the number in the siRNA-N group(115±28) and in the control group(118±31).In an invasion test,the number of invading cells in the PLSCR1 siRNA-390 group was 60±18,significantly lower than that in the siRNA-N group(97±26) and the control group(103±24).CONCLUSIONS:PLSCR1 is overexpressed in CRC and metastatic liver cancer.Silencing of PLSCR1 by siRNA inhibits the proliferation,adhesion,migration and invasion of Lovo cells,which suggests that PLSCR1 contributes to the tumorigenesis and tumor progression of CRC.PLSCR1 may be a potential gene therapy target for CRC and associated metastatic liver cancer.
基金This work was supported in part by National Basic Research priorities Program (973) of China (No. 2002CB512806), NationalNatural Science Foundation of China (No. 90408009, 30500257) and Science and Technology Committee of Shanghai (No. 03XD14016,05JC14032).
