AIM: To investigate celiac artery variations in gastric cancer patients and the impact on gastric cancer surgery,and also to discuss the value of the ultrasonic knife in reducing the risk caused by celiac artery varia...AIM: To investigate celiac artery variations in gastric cancer patients and the impact on gastric cancer surgery,and also to discuss the value of the ultrasonic knife in reducing the risk caused by celiac artery variations.METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted to investigate the difference in average operation time,intraoperative blood loss, number of harvested lymph nodes, average postoperative drainage within 3 d,and postoperative hospital stay between the group with vascular variations and no vascular variations,and between the ultrasonic harmonic scalpel and conventional electric scalpel surgery group.RESULTS: One hundred and fifty-eight cases presented with normal celiac artery, and 80 presented with celiac artery variation(33.61%). The average operation time,blood loss, average drainage within 3 d after surgery in the celiac artery variation group were significantly more than in the no celiac artery variation group(215.7 ± 32.7 min vs 204.2 ± 31.3 min, 220.0 ± 56.7mL vs 163.1 ± 52.3 mL, 193.6 ± 41.4 mL vs 175.3± 34.1 mL, respectively, P < 0.05). In celiac artery variation patients, the average operation time, blood loss, average drainage within 3 d after surgery in the ultrasonic harmonic scalpel group were significantly lower than in the conventional electric scalpel surgery group(209.5 ± 34.9 min vs 226.9 ± 29.4 min, 207.5 ±57.1 mL vs 235.6 ± 52.9 mL, 184.4 ± 38.2 mL vs 205.0± 42.9 mL, respectively, P < 0.05), and the number of lymph node dissections was significantly higher than in the conventional surgery group(25.5 ± 9.2 vs 19.9 ±7.8, P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Celiac artery variation increases thedifficulty and risk of radical gastrectomy. Preoperative imaging evaluation and the application of ultrasonic harmonic scalpel are conducive to radical gastrectomy.展开更多
Minimal invasive techniques have allowed for major surgical advances.We report our initial experience of performing total laparoscopic left hepatectomy(segmentsⅡ-Ⅳ)with the Lotus(laparoscopic operation by torsional ...Minimal invasive techniques have allowed for major surgical advances.We report our initial experience of performing total laparoscopic left hepatectomy(segmentsⅡ-Ⅳ)with the Lotus(laparoscopic operation by torsional ultrasound)Ultrasonic Scalpel.The perioperative and postoperative courses of the young female patient were uneventful and she is in a good general condition without complaints 18 mo after surgery.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first total laparoscopic hemihepatectomy to be performed in Greece,as well as the first laparoscopic liver resection using Lotus shears.展开更多
[Objective] The experiment aimed to study an efficient method of Nuclei extraction of cotton and provided technical support for constructing large-insert genomic library and sequencing complete genome. [Method] The co...[Objective] The experiment aimed to study an efficient method of Nuclei extraction of cotton and provided technical support for constructing large-insert genomic library and sequencing complete genome. [Method] The cotton cotyledons germinated in dark moisture chamber for one week were chopped with a sharp sterile scalpel in a Petri dish which contained ice-cold nucleus isolation buffer (10 mmol/L MgSO4, 5 mmol/L KCl, 0.5 mmol/L HEPES, 1 mg/ml DTT, 0.25% Triton X-100 and 2% PVP40), then the nuclei were collected after selected through 100, 50 and 30 μm nylon meshes and centrifugation. Meanwhile, the tender leaves and cotyledons with different germination time in dark were treated by grinding method and sharp scalpel method. [Result] The chopping with a sharp scalpel method was very simple and rapid, which did not need grind and mercaptoethanol treatment and the successful extraction rate was 100%.[Conclusion] An efficient method of nuclei extraction of cotton with simple, high efficiency, rapid reaction and poison free were established.展开更多
Laparoscopic surgery for colorectal disease has become widespread as a minimally invasive treatment.This is important because the increasing availability of new devices allows us to perform procedures with a reduced ... Laparoscopic surgery for colorectal disease has become widespread as a minimally invasive treatment.This is important because the increasing availability of new devices allows us to perform procedures with a reduced length of surgery and decreased blood loss.We herein report the results of a literature review of energy sources for laparoscopic colorectal surgery,focused especially on 6 studies comparing ultrasonic coagulating shears(UCS) and other instruments.We also describe our laparoscopic dissection techniques using UCS for colorectal cancer.The short-term outcomes of surgeries using UCS and Ligasure for laparoscopiccolorectal surgery were superior to conventional electrosurgery.Some authors have reported that the length of surgery or blood loss when Ligasure was used for laparoscopic colorectal surgery is less than when UCS was used.On the other hand,a recent study demonstrated that there were no significant differences between the short-term outcomes of UCS and Ligasure for laparoscopic colorectal surgery.It is therefore suggested that the choice of technique used should be made according to the surgeon’s preference.We also describe our laparoscopic dissection techniques using UCS(Harmonic ACE) for colorectal cancer with regard to the retroperitoneum dissection,dissection technique,dissection technique around the feeding artery,and various other dissection techniques.We therefore review the outcomes of using various energy sources for laparoscopic colorectal surgery and describe our laparoscopic dissection techniques with UCS(Harmonic ACE) for colorectal cancer.展开更多
AIM:To compare hemorrhoidectomy with a bipolar electrothermal device or hemorrhoidectomy using an ultrasonically activated scalpel.METHODS:Sixty patients with grade Ⅲ or Ⅳ hemorrhoids were prospectively randomized t...AIM:To compare hemorrhoidectomy with a bipolar electrothermal device or hemorrhoidectomy using an ultrasonically activated scalpel.METHODS:Sixty patients with grade Ⅲ or Ⅳ hemorrhoids were prospectively randomized to undergo closed hemorrhoidectomy assisted by bipolar diathermy(group 1) or hemorrhoidectomy with the ultrasonic scalpel(group 2).Operative data were recorded,and patients were followed at 1,3,and 6 wk to evaluate complications.Independent assessors were assigned to obtain postoperative pain scores,oral analgesic requirement and satisfaction scores.RESULTS:Reduced intraoperative blood loss median 0.9 mL(95% CI:0.8-3.7) vs 4.6 mL(95% CI:3.8-7.0),P = 0.001 and a short operating time median 16(95% CI:14.6-18.2) min vs 31(95% CI:28.1-35.3) min,P < 0.0001 was observed in group 1 compared with group 2.There was a trend towards lower postoperative pain scores on day 1 group 1 median 2(95% CI:1.8-3.5) vs group 2 median 3(95% CI:2.6-4.2),P = 0.135.Reduced oral analgesic requirement during postoperative 24 h after operation median 1(95% CI:0.4-0.9) tablet vs 1(95% CI:0.9-1.3) tablet,P = 0.006 was observed in group 1 compared with group 2.There was no difference between the two groups in the degree of patient satisfaction or number of postoperative complications.CONCLUSION:Bipolar diathermy hemorrhoidectomy is quick and bloodless and,although as painful as closed hemorrhoidectomy with the ultrasonic scalpel,is associated with a reduced analgesic requirement immediately after operation.展开更多
Male circumcision is one of the most commonly performed operations worldwide, and many novel techniques have been developed for better postoperative outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore the feasibility o...Male circumcision is one of the most commonly performed operations worldwide, and many novel techniques have been developed for better postoperative outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore the feasibility of applying the ultracision harmonic scalpel （UHS） for circumcision by using dogs. Sixteen adult male dogs were divided into two groups： the UHS group and the control group. The dogs were circumcised with either the UHS or a conventional scalpel. The UHS circumcision procedure and the effects were imaged 1 week after surgery. The two groups were compared with respect to the operative time and volume of blood loss. Postoperative complications, including oedema, infection, bleeding of the incision and wound dehiscence, were recorded for both groups. The mean operative time for the UHS group was only 5.1 min compared with the 35.5 min of the conventional group. The mean blood loss was less than 2 ml for the UHS group and 15 ml for the conventional group. There was only one case of mild oedema in the UHS group, but the postoperative complications in the conventional group included two cases of mild oedema, one infection of the incision and one Case of bleeding of the incision. In conclusion, circumcision using UHS is a novel technique to treat patients with phimosis and excessive foreskin, and this method has a short operative time, less blood loss and fewer complications than the conventional scalpel method. This small animal study orovides a basis for embarking on a larger-scale clinical trial of the UHS.展开更多
In response to the ultrasonic scalpels with the vibrational modal coupling which leads to a decrease in efficiency,an ultrasonic scalpel based on fusiform phononic crystals(PnCs)is proposed.An accurate theoretical mod...In response to the ultrasonic scalpels with the vibrational modal coupling which leads to a decrease in efficiency,an ultrasonic scalpel based on fusiform phononic crystals(PnCs)is proposed.An accurate theoretical model is constructed,which is mainly composed of electromechanical equivalent circuit models to analyze the frequency response function and the frequency response curves of the admittance.Bragg band gaps exist in the fusiform PnCs owing to the periodic constraint,which can suppress the corresponding vibrational modes.The vibration characteristics(vibration mode,frequency,and displacement distribution)of the ultrasonic scalpel are analyzed,and the validity of the electromechanical equivalent circuit method is verified.The results indicate that other vibration modes near the working frequency can be isolated.In addition,blades based on fusiform PnCs have a function akin to that of the horn,which enables displacement amplification.展开更多
Ultrasonic scalpel design for minimally invasive surgical procedures is mainly focused on optimizing cutting performance.However,an important issue is the low fatigue life of traditional ultrasonic scalpels,which affe...Ultrasonic scalpel design for minimally invasive surgical procedures is mainly focused on optimizing cutting performance.However,an important issue is the low fatigue life of traditional ultrasonic scalpels,which affects their long-term reliability and effectiveness and creates hidden dangers for surgery.In this study,a multi-objective optimal design for the cutting performance and fatigue life of ultrasonic scalpels was proposed using finite element analysis and fatigue simulation.The optimal design parameters of resonance frequency and amplitude were determined.By setting the transition fillet and keeping the gain structure away from the node position to enable the scalpel to have a high service life with excellent cutting performance.The frequency modulation method of setting the vibration node bosses at the node position and setting the vibration antinode grooves at the antinode position was compared.Then,the mechanism of the influence of various design elements,such as tip,shank,node position,and antinode position,on the resonance frequency,amplitude,and fatigue life of the ultrasonic scalpel was analyzed,and the optimal design principles of the ultrasonic scalpel were obtained.The proposed ultrasonic scalpel design was confirmed by simulations,impedance measurements,and liver tissue cutting experiments,demonstrating its feasibility and enhanced performance.This research introduces innovative design strategies to improve the fatigue life and performance of ultrasonic scalpels to address an important issue in minimally invasive surgery.展开更多
In the natural world,leaf-cutting ants cause vibrations through their mutual scraping of file-scraper organs.In this study,we designed a Biomimetic Ultrasonic Exciter(BUE)that imitates leaf-cutting ants.The operating ...In the natural world,leaf-cutting ants cause vibrations through their mutual scraping of file-scraper organs.In this study,we designed a Biomimetic Ultrasonic Exciter(BUE)that imitates leaf-cutting ants.The operating characteristics of the BUE were studied through experimental testing and finite element simulations.The results showed that the BUE could generate stable ultrasonic vibrations,and that the excitation frequency only needed to be half the Output Frequency(OF).This frequency-doubling phenomenon was conducive to achieving BUE miniaturization.To further explore the phenomenon of frequency-doubling vibration output,this study designed scrapers of five different sizes,conducted excitation and first-order natural frequency measurement tests,and the corresponding finite element simulations.It was found that each scraper could operate in frequency-doubling mode,but the operating frequency and natural mode frequencies did not correspond with one another.To further explicate experimental and simulation results,a two-degrees-of-freedom vibration model was developed.It was evident that the contact relationship between the dentate disc and scraper introduced strong nonlinear factors into the system,accounting for the frequency-doubling phenomenon and the difference between the BUE’s operating and mode frequencies.The BUE could be expected to facilitate the production of high-power micro-ultrasonic generators and has potential application value in the fields of mechanical processing,industrial production,and medical health.展开更多
Miniature scalpels are mainly used in microsurgeries such as ophthalmic and cardiovascular surgeries.The size of a miniature scalpel is only a few millimeters,and the precision of the blade shape is high,which makes p...Miniature scalpels are mainly used in microsurgeries such as ophthalmic and cardiovascular surgeries.The size of a miniature scalpel is only a few millimeters,and the precision of the blade shape is high,which makes production of miniature scalpels extremely difficult.This study proposes a new sharpening process for grinding miniature scalpels on a four-axis machine tool.A post-processing algorithm for a four-axis grinding machine based on a kinematics model is established.We then propose a corresponding parameter calibration method for the parameters used in the kinematics model.Because of possible errors in the parameter calibration,a contour-based error compensation method is proposed for accurate adjustments to the edge shape following grinding.This can solve the problem of large deviations between the actual edge shape after grinding and the ideal edge shape.The effectiveness of the proposed process planning and error compensation method is verified experimentally,and the grinding process parameters of the miniature scalpel are optimized to improve its surface processing quality.The sharpness of the optimized miniature scalpel is less than 0.75 N,and the blade shape is symmetrical,which meets the technical requirements of miniature scalpels.展开更多
Gastrointestinal stroma tumours(GIST) are the most common mesenchymal tumour in the digestive tract and commonly found in the stomach. The patient described in this report presented with collapse and a palpable abdomi...Gastrointestinal stroma tumours(GIST) are the most common mesenchymal tumour in the digestive tract and commonly found in the stomach. The patient described in this report presented with collapse and a palpable abdominal mass. He was found to have a large gastric GIST that penetrated through the mesocolon. Resection of the GIST was technically challenging but facilitated by a new generation ultrasonic scalpel device. In resection of gastric cancer the use of ultrasonic scalpels has been shown to reduce operating time, blood loss and length of stay. We feel that in technically challenging cases of gastric GIST the use of an ultrasonic scalpel device may be justified as well.展开更多
Objectives: To investigate the evaluation of the harmonic scalpel-assisted uvulopalatopharyn-goplasty (UPPP) surgery with posterior wall of uvula mucosa sutured with anterior wall. Design: According to the diagnostic ...Objectives: To investigate the evaluation of the harmonic scalpel-assisted uvulopalatopharyn-goplasty (UPPP) surgery with posterior wall of uvula mucosa sutured with anterior wall. Design: According to the diagnostic criteria published by Chinese medical association of otolaryngology-head and neck, 21 cases were performed UPPP with the harmonic scalpel. The Regional Ethics Committee of our hospital approved the study protocol. Informed written consent was obtained from all participants. Setting: A single specialist hospital. Participants: 21 patients with OSAHS. Participants were not randomized in groups and were performed UPPP with the harmonic scalpel. Main Outcome Measures: Part of the uvula muscle and the anterior wall of the uvula mucosa were removed, and the mucosa of posterior wall was preserved. The mucosa of the posterior wall was sutured with the remaining part of the anterior wall. The AHI and LaSO<sub>2</sub> were measured both before and six months after the operation by Polysomnography (PSG). Results: This study reported a significant improvement (p ± s) was 48.6 ± 12.65, and LSaO<sub>2</sub> (± s) was 67.4% ± 9.18%;postoperative AHI was 10.9 ± 9.29, and postoperative LSaO<sub>2</sub> was 91.0 ± 1.47. The mean operation duration was 30.1 minutes. Conclusion: The use of HS in UPPP is efficient and shows some advantages over conventional method: its use provided a blood free surgery field, and shorter operation duration.展开更多
文摘AIM: To investigate celiac artery variations in gastric cancer patients and the impact on gastric cancer surgery,and also to discuss the value of the ultrasonic knife in reducing the risk caused by celiac artery variations.METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted to investigate the difference in average operation time,intraoperative blood loss, number of harvested lymph nodes, average postoperative drainage within 3 d,and postoperative hospital stay between the group with vascular variations and no vascular variations,and between the ultrasonic harmonic scalpel and conventional electric scalpel surgery group.RESULTS: One hundred and fifty-eight cases presented with normal celiac artery, and 80 presented with celiac artery variation(33.61%). The average operation time,blood loss, average drainage within 3 d after surgery in the celiac artery variation group were significantly more than in the no celiac artery variation group(215.7 ± 32.7 min vs 204.2 ± 31.3 min, 220.0 ± 56.7mL vs 163.1 ± 52.3 mL, 193.6 ± 41.4 mL vs 175.3± 34.1 mL, respectively, P < 0.05). In celiac artery variation patients, the average operation time, blood loss, average drainage within 3 d after surgery in the ultrasonic harmonic scalpel group were significantly lower than in the conventional electric scalpel surgery group(209.5 ± 34.9 min vs 226.9 ± 29.4 min, 207.5 ±57.1 mL vs 235.6 ± 52.9 mL, 184.4 ± 38.2 mL vs 205.0± 42.9 mL, respectively, P < 0.05), and the number of lymph node dissections was significantly higher than in the conventional surgery group(25.5 ± 9.2 vs 19.9 ±7.8, P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Celiac artery variation increases thedifficulty and risk of radical gastrectomy. Preoperative imaging evaluation and the application of ultrasonic harmonic scalpel are conducive to radical gastrectomy.
文摘Minimal invasive techniques have allowed for major surgical advances.We report our initial experience of performing total laparoscopic left hepatectomy(segmentsⅡ-Ⅳ)with the Lotus(laparoscopic operation by torsional ultrasound)Ultrasonic Scalpel.The perioperative and postoperative courses of the young female patient were uneventful and she is in a good general condition without complaints 18 mo after surgery.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first total laparoscopic hemihepatectomy to be performed in Greece,as well as the first laparoscopic liver resection using Lotus shears.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30170501)the State of New Varieties of GMO Cultivation Major Projects (No.2008ZX08005-003)the National High-tech Research Development Plan (No.2003AA207051)~~
文摘[Objective] The experiment aimed to study an efficient method of Nuclei extraction of cotton and provided technical support for constructing large-insert genomic library and sequencing complete genome. [Method] The cotton cotyledons germinated in dark moisture chamber for one week were chopped with a sharp sterile scalpel in a Petri dish which contained ice-cold nucleus isolation buffer (10 mmol/L MgSO4, 5 mmol/L KCl, 0.5 mmol/L HEPES, 1 mg/ml DTT, 0.25% Triton X-100 and 2% PVP40), then the nuclei were collected after selected through 100, 50 and 30 μm nylon meshes and centrifugation. Meanwhile, the tender leaves and cotyledons with different germination time in dark were treated by grinding method and sharp scalpel method. [Result] The chopping with a sharp scalpel method was very simple and rapid, which did not need grind and mercaptoethanol treatment and the successful extraction rate was 100%.[Conclusion] An efficient method of nuclei extraction of cotton with simple, high efficiency, rapid reaction and poison free were established.
文摘 Laparoscopic surgery for colorectal disease has become widespread as a minimally invasive treatment.This is important because the increasing availability of new devices allows us to perform procedures with a reduced length of surgery and decreased blood loss.We herein report the results of a literature review of energy sources for laparoscopic colorectal surgery,focused especially on 6 studies comparing ultrasonic coagulating shears(UCS) and other instruments.We also describe our laparoscopic dissection techniques using UCS for colorectal cancer.The short-term outcomes of surgeries using UCS and Ligasure for laparoscopiccolorectal surgery were superior to conventional electrosurgery.Some authors have reported that the length of surgery or blood loss when Ligasure was used for laparoscopic colorectal surgery is less than when UCS was used.On the other hand,a recent study demonstrated that there were no significant differences between the short-term outcomes of UCS and Ligasure for laparoscopic colorectal surgery.It is therefore suggested that the choice of technique used should be made according to the surgeon’s preference.We also describe our laparoscopic dissection techniques using UCS(Harmonic ACE) for colorectal cancer with regard to the retroperitoneum dissection,dissection technique,dissection technique around the feeding artery,and various other dissection techniques.We therefore review the outcomes of using various energy sources for laparoscopic colorectal surgery and describe our laparoscopic dissection techniques with UCS(Harmonic ACE) for colorectal cancer.
文摘AIM:To compare hemorrhoidectomy with a bipolar electrothermal device or hemorrhoidectomy using an ultrasonically activated scalpel.METHODS:Sixty patients with grade Ⅲ or Ⅳ hemorrhoids were prospectively randomized to undergo closed hemorrhoidectomy assisted by bipolar diathermy(group 1) or hemorrhoidectomy with the ultrasonic scalpel(group 2).Operative data were recorded,and patients were followed at 1,3,and 6 wk to evaluate complications.Independent assessors were assigned to obtain postoperative pain scores,oral analgesic requirement and satisfaction scores.RESULTS:Reduced intraoperative blood loss median 0.9 mL(95% CI:0.8-3.7) vs 4.6 mL(95% CI:3.8-7.0),P = 0.001 and a short operating time median 16(95% CI:14.6-18.2) min vs 31(95% CI:28.1-35.3) min,P < 0.0001 was observed in group 1 compared with group 2.There was a trend towards lower postoperative pain scores on day 1 group 1 median 2(95% CI:1.8-3.5) vs group 2 median 3(95% CI:2.6-4.2),P = 0.135.Reduced oral analgesic requirement during postoperative 24 h after operation median 1(95% CI:0.4-0.9) tablet vs 1(95% CI:0.9-1.3) tablet,P = 0.006 was observed in group 1 compared with group 2.There was no difference between the two groups in the degree of patient satisfaction or number of postoperative complications.CONCLUSION:Bipolar diathermy hemorrhoidectomy is quick and bloodless and,although as painful as closed hemorrhoidectomy with the ultrasonic scalpel,is associated with a reduced analgesic requirement immediately after operation.
文摘Male circumcision is one of the most commonly performed operations worldwide, and many novel techniques have been developed for better postoperative outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore the feasibility of applying the ultracision harmonic scalpel （UHS） for circumcision by using dogs. Sixteen adult male dogs were divided into two groups： the UHS group and the control group. The dogs were circumcised with either the UHS or a conventional scalpel. The UHS circumcision procedure and the effects were imaged 1 week after surgery. The two groups were compared with respect to the operative time and volume of blood loss. Postoperative complications, including oedema, infection, bleeding of the incision and wound dehiscence, were recorded for both groups. The mean operative time for the UHS group was only 5.1 min compared with the 35.5 min of the conventional group. The mean blood loss was less than 2 ml for the UHS group and 15 ml for the conventional group. There was only one case of mild oedema in the UHS group, but the postoperative complications in the conventional group included two cases of mild oedema, one infection of the incision and one Case of bleeding of the incision. In conclusion, circumcision using UHS is a novel technique to treat patients with phimosis and excessive foreskin, and this method has a short operative time, less blood loss and fewer complications than the conventional scalpel method. This small animal study orovides a basis for embarking on a larger-scale clinical trial of the UHS.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62204112,12174240,and 11874253)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.BK20220774).
文摘In response to the ultrasonic scalpels with the vibrational modal coupling which leads to a decrease in efficiency,an ultrasonic scalpel based on fusiform phononic crystals(PnCs)is proposed.An accurate theoretical model is constructed,which is mainly composed of electromechanical equivalent circuit models to analyze the frequency response function and the frequency response curves of the admittance.Bragg band gaps exist in the fusiform PnCs owing to the periodic constraint,which can suppress the corresponding vibrational modes.The vibration characteristics(vibration mode,frequency,and displacement distribution)of the ultrasonic scalpel are analyzed,and the validity of the electromechanical equivalent circuit method is verified.The results indicate that other vibration modes near the working frequency can be isolated.In addition,blades based on fusiform PnCs have a function akin to that of the horn,which enables displacement amplification.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.52005199,42241149)Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program of China (Grant Nos.JCYJ20200109150425085,JCYJ20220818102601004)+1 种基金Knowledge Innovation Program of Wuhan-Basic Research of China (Grant No.2022010801010203)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program of China (Grant Nos.JSGG20201103100001004,JSGG20220831105800001)。
文摘Ultrasonic scalpel design for minimally invasive surgical procedures is mainly focused on optimizing cutting performance.However,an important issue is the low fatigue life of traditional ultrasonic scalpels,which affects their long-term reliability and effectiveness and creates hidden dangers for surgery.In this study,a multi-objective optimal design for the cutting performance and fatigue life of ultrasonic scalpels was proposed using finite element analysis and fatigue simulation.The optimal design parameters of resonance frequency and amplitude were determined.By setting the transition fillet and keeping the gain structure away from the node position to enable the scalpel to have a high service life with excellent cutting performance.The frequency modulation method of setting the vibration node bosses at the node position and setting the vibration antinode grooves at the antinode position was compared.Then,the mechanism of the influence of various design elements,such as tip,shank,node position,and antinode position,on the resonance frequency,amplitude,and fatigue life of the ultrasonic scalpel was analyzed,and the optimal design principles of the ultrasonic scalpel were obtained.The proposed ultrasonic scalpel design was confirmed by simulations,impedance measurements,and liver tissue cutting experiments,demonstrating its feasibility and enhanced performance.This research introduces innovative design strategies to improve the fatigue life and performance of ultrasonic scalpels to address an important issue in minimally invasive surgery.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.91960203,51975035)。
文摘In the natural world,leaf-cutting ants cause vibrations through their mutual scraping of file-scraper organs.In this study,we designed a Biomimetic Ultrasonic Exciter(BUE)that imitates leaf-cutting ants.The operating characteristics of the BUE were studied through experimental testing and finite element simulations.The results showed that the BUE could generate stable ultrasonic vibrations,and that the excitation frequency only needed to be half the Output Frequency(OF).This frequency-doubling phenomenon was conducive to achieving BUE miniaturization.To further explore the phenomenon of frequency-doubling vibration output,this study designed scrapers of five different sizes,conducted excitation and first-order natural frequency measurement tests,and the corresponding finite element simulations.It was found that each scraper could operate in frequency-doubling mode,but the operating frequency and natural mode frequencies did not correspond with one another.To further explicate experimental and simulation results,a two-degrees-of-freedom vibration model was developed.It was evident that the contact relationship between the dentate disc and scraper introduced strong nonlinear factors into the system,accounting for the frequency-doubling phenomenon and the difference between the BUE’s operating and mode frequencies.The BUE could be expected to facilitate the production of high-power micro-ultrasonic generators and has potential application value in the fields of mechanical processing,industrial production,and medical health.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFB3400300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51975392).
文摘Miniature scalpels are mainly used in microsurgeries such as ophthalmic and cardiovascular surgeries.The size of a miniature scalpel is only a few millimeters,and the precision of the blade shape is high,which makes production of miniature scalpels extremely difficult.This study proposes a new sharpening process for grinding miniature scalpels on a four-axis machine tool.A post-processing algorithm for a four-axis grinding machine based on a kinematics model is established.We then propose a corresponding parameter calibration method for the parameters used in the kinematics model.Because of possible errors in the parameter calibration,a contour-based error compensation method is proposed for accurate adjustments to the edge shape following grinding.This can solve the problem of large deviations between the actual edge shape after grinding and the ideal edge shape.The effectiveness of the proposed process planning and error compensation method is verified experimentally,and the grinding process parameters of the miniature scalpel are optimized to improve its surface processing quality.The sharpness of the optimized miniature scalpel is less than 0.75 N,and the blade shape is symmetrical,which meets the technical requirements of miniature scalpels.
文摘Gastrointestinal stroma tumours(GIST) are the most common mesenchymal tumour in the digestive tract and commonly found in the stomach. The patient described in this report presented with collapse and a palpable abdominal mass. He was found to have a large gastric GIST that penetrated through the mesocolon. Resection of the GIST was technically challenging but facilitated by a new generation ultrasonic scalpel device. In resection of gastric cancer the use of ultrasonic scalpels has been shown to reduce operating time, blood loss and length of stay. We feel that in technically challenging cases of gastric GIST the use of an ultrasonic scalpel device may be justified as well.
文摘Objectives: To investigate the evaluation of the harmonic scalpel-assisted uvulopalatopharyn-goplasty (UPPP) surgery with posterior wall of uvula mucosa sutured with anterior wall. Design: According to the diagnostic criteria published by Chinese medical association of otolaryngology-head and neck, 21 cases were performed UPPP with the harmonic scalpel. The Regional Ethics Committee of our hospital approved the study protocol. Informed written consent was obtained from all participants. Setting: A single specialist hospital. Participants: 21 patients with OSAHS. Participants were not randomized in groups and were performed UPPP with the harmonic scalpel. Main Outcome Measures: Part of the uvula muscle and the anterior wall of the uvula mucosa were removed, and the mucosa of posterior wall was preserved. The mucosa of the posterior wall was sutured with the remaining part of the anterior wall. The AHI and LaSO<sub>2</sub> were measured both before and six months after the operation by Polysomnography (PSG). Results: This study reported a significant improvement (p ± s) was 48.6 ± 12.65, and LSaO<sub>2</sub> (± s) was 67.4% ± 9.18%;postoperative AHI was 10.9 ± 9.29, and postoperative LSaO<sub>2</sub> was 91.0 ± 1.47. The mean operation duration was 30.1 minutes. Conclusion: The use of HS in UPPP is efficient and shows some advantages over conventional method: its use provided a blood free surgery field, and shorter operation duration.
