本试验研究了在不同非纤维性碳水化合物/中性洗涤纤维(NFC/NDF)比饲粮条件下诱发奶山羊亚急性瘤胃酸中毒(subacute rum inal acidosis,SARA)过程中瘤胃微生物区系和瘤胃pH的变化。选用6只安装了永久性瘤胃瘘管的泌乳期关中奶山羊为试验...本试验研究了在不同非纤维性碳水化合物/中性洗涤纤维(NFC/NDF)比饲粮条件下诱发奶山羊亚急性瘤胃酸中毒(subacute rum inal acidosis,SARA)过程中瘤胃微生物区系和瘤胃pH的变化。选用6只安装了永久性瘤胃瘘管的泌乳期关中奶山羊为试验动物,采用自身对照试验法,共分4期进行,每期10d,依次饲喂NFC/NDF比为1.02(Ⅰ期)、1.24(Ⅱ期)、1.63(Ⅲ期)、2.58(Ⅳ期)的4种饲粮,以逐渐增加精料的方法诱导奶山羊SARA。结果表明:随着NFC/NDF比的增大,瘤胃pH显著降低(P<0.05),并且瘤胃pH下降幅度也随之加快;随着NFC/NDF比的增大,淀粉分解菌的数量增幅最显著(P<0.01),NFC/NDF比为1.63时,瘤胃细菌总数、乳酸杆菌及坏死梭形杆菌的数量显著增加(P<0.05),当该比值为2.58时,埃氏巨型球菌和反刍兽新月单胞菌的数量出现显著增多(P<0.05);原虫数量在Ⅳ期降至最低,而牛链球菌的数量在整个试验期并未出现明显的波动。饲粮NFC/NDF比为1.63时,瘤胃内与碳水化合物分解有关的多数细菌的数量明显增加,SARA期时增幅更为明显,而此时原虫数量为最低。展开更多
Bacteremia is a life-threating syndrome often caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).Thus,there is an urgent need to develop novel approaches to successfully treat this infection.Staphylococcal ac...Bacteremia is a life-threating syndrome often caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).Thus,there is an urgent need to develop novel approaches to successfully treat this infection.Staphylococcal accessory regulator A(SarA),a global virulence regulator,plays a critical role in pathogenesis andβ-lactam antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus.Hypericin is believed to act as an antibiotic,antidepressant,antiviral and non-specific kinase inhibitor.In the current study,we investigated the impact of hypericin onβ-lactam antibiotics susceptibility and mechanism(s)of its activity.We demonstrated that hypericin significantly decreased the minimum inhibitory concentrations ofβ-lactam antibiotics(e.g.,oxacillin,cefazolin and nafcillin),biofilm formation and fibronectin binding in MRSA strain JE2.In addition,hypericin significantly reduced sarA expression,and subsequently decreased mecAy and virulence-related regulators(e.g.,agr RNAIII)and genes(e.g.,fnbA and hla)expression in the studied MRSA strain.Importantly,the in vitro synergistic effect of hypericin withβ-lactam antibiotic(e.g.,oxacillin)translated into in vivo therapeutic outcome in a murine MRSA bacteremia model.These findings suggest that hypericin plays an important role in abrogation ofβ-lactam resistance againstMRSA through sarA inhibition,and may allow us to repurpose the use ofβ-lactam antibiotics,which are normally ineffective in the treatment of MRSA infections(e.g.,oxacillin).展开更多
To investigate the mechanism of asphalt modification by crumb rubber,the interactions between FCC slurry and rubber particles were evaluated at different temperatures and time.The rules of the change in mass of SARA c...To investigate the mechanism of asphalt modification by crumb rubber,the interactions between FCC slurry and rubber particles were evaluated at different temperatures and time.The rules of the change in mass of SARA composition in FCC slurry were obtained before and after its interaction with rubber particles,which showed that crumb rubber not only absorbed saturates and aromatics but also resins.Asphaltenes promoted the desulfurization or degradation of crumb rubber during the interaction between asphalt and crumb rubber.展开更多
面板数据的变点分析是计量经济学的热门研究课题之一,在金融、医学、质量控制、气象等领域也有着广泛的应用.基于一种快速局部算法SaRa(Screening and Ranking algorithm)研究了面板数据回归模型的结构变点估计问题.首先基于回归系数的...面板数据的变点分析是计量经济学的热门研究课题之一,在金融、医学、质量控制、气象等领域也有着广泛的应用.基于一种快速局部算法SaRa(Screening and Ranking algorithm)研究了面板数据回归模型的结构变点估计问题.首先基于回归系数的估计量建立局部统计量,筛选出可能的变点.其次构造自适应阈值来筛选出最终的变点,并且证明了变点估计量的一致性.Monte Carlo模拟结果显示,当解释变量为外生变量或内生变量,误差项存在序列相关或异方差,提出的方法都能较准确地估计出变点的个数及位置.最后利用该方法分析世界24个低收入和高收入国家自然人口增长率和国际移民存量对人口增长率的影响,说明了方法的有效性。展开更多
文摘本试验研究了在不同非纤维性碳水化合物/中性洗涤纤维(NFC/NDF)比饲粮条件下诱发奶山羊亚急性瘤胃酸中毒(subacute rum inal acidosis,SARA)过程中瘤胃微生物区系和瘤胃pH的变化。选用6只安装了永久性瘤胃瘘管的泌乳期关中奶山羊为试验动物,采用自身对照试验法,共分4期进行,每期10d,依次饲喂NFC/NDF比为1.02(Ⅰ期)、1.24(Ⅱ期)、1.63(Ⅲ期)、2.58(Ⅳ期)的4种饲粮,以逐渐增加精料的方法诱导奶山羊SARA。结果表明:随着NFC/NDF比的增大,瘤胃pH显著降低(P<0.05),并且瘤胃pH下降幅度也随之加快;随着NFC/NDF比的增大,淀粉分解菌的数量增幅最显著(P<0.01),NFC/NDF比为1.63时,瘤胃细菌总数、乳酸杆菌及坏死梭形杆菌的数量显著增加(P<0.05),当该比值为2.58时,埃氏巨型球菌和反刍兽新月单胞菌的数量出现显著增多(P<0.05);原虫数量在Ⅳ期降至最低,而牛链球菌的数量在整个试验期并未出现明显的波动。饲粮NFC/NDF比为1.63时,瘤胃内与碳水化合物分解有关的多数细菌的数量明显增加,SARA期时增幅更为明显,而此时原虫数量为最低。
基金supported in part by CAMS Initiative for Innovative Medicine(grant numbers 2016-I2M-2-002 and 2016-I2M3-014,China)National Mega-project for Innovative Drugs(grant number 2018ZX09721001,China)the National Science Foundation of China(grant number 81621064,China).
文摘Bacteremia is a life-threating syndrome often caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).Thus,there is an urgent need to develop novel approaches to successfully treat this infection.Staphylococcal accessory regulator A(SarA),a global virulence regulator,plays a critical role in pathogenesis andβ-lactam antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus.Hypericin is believed to act as an antibiotic,antidepressant,antiviral and non-specific kinase inhibitor.In the current study,we investigated the impact of hypericin onβ-lactam antibiotics susceptibility and mechanism(s)of its activity.We demonstrated that hypericin significantly decreased the minimum inhibitory concentrations ofβ-lactam antibiotics(e.g.,oxacillin,cefazolin and nafcillin),biofilm formation and fibronectin binding in MRSA strain JE2.In addition,hypericin significantly reduced sarA expression,and subsequently decreased mecAy and virulence-related regulators(e.g.,agr RNAIII)and genes(e.g.,fnbA and hla)expression in the studied MRSA strain.Importantly,the in vitro synergistic effect of hypericin withβ-lactam antibiotic(e.g.,oxacillin)translated into in vivo therapeutic outcome in a murine MRSA bacteremia model.These findings suggest that hypericin plays an important role in abrogation ofβ-lactam resistance againstMRSA through sarA inhibition,and may allow us to repurpose the use ofβ-lactam antibiotics,which are normally ineffective in the treatment of MRSA infections(e.g.,oxacillin).
文摘To investigate the mechanism of asphalt modification by crumb rubber,the interactions between FCC slurry and rubber particles were evaluated at different temperatures and time.The rules of the change in mass of SARA composition in FCC slurry were obtained before and after its interaction with rubber particles,which showed that crumb rubber not only absorbed saturates and aromatics but also resins.Asphaltenes promoted the desulfurization or degradation of crumb rubber during the interaction between asphalt and crumb rubber.
文摘面板数据的变点分析是计量经济学的热门研究课题之一,在金融、医学、质量控制、气象等领域也有着广泛的应用.基于一种快速局部算法SaRa(Screening and Ranking algorithm)研究了面板数据回归模型的结构变点估计问题.首先基于回归系数的估计量建立局部统计量,筛选出可能的变点.其次构造自适应阈值来筛选出最终的变点,并且证明了变点估计量的一致性.Monte Carlo模拟结果显示,当解释变量为外生变量或内生变量,误差项存在序列相关或异方差,提出的方法都能较准确地估计出变点的个数及位置.最后利用该方法分析世界24个低收入和高收入国家自然人口增长率和国际移民存量对人口增长率的影响,说明了方法的有效性。
