AIM: To analyze the risk factors for central port failure in cancer patients administered chemotherapy, using univariate and multivariate analyses. METHODS: A total of 1348 totally implantable venous access devices (T...AIM: To analyze the risk factors for central port failure in cancer patients administered chemotherapy, using univariate and multivariate analyses. METHODS: A total of 1348 totally implantable venous access devices (TIVADs) were implanted into 1280 cancer patients in this cohort study. A Cox proportional hazard model was applied to analyze risk factors for failure of TIVADs. Log-rank test was used to compare actuarial survival rates. Infection, thrombosis, and surgical complication rates (χ2 test or Fisher's exact test) were compared in relation to the risk factors. RESULTS: Increasing age, male gender and openended catheter use were signifi cant risk factors reducing survival of TIVADs as determined by univariate and multivariate analyses. Hematogenous malignancy decreased the survival time of TIVADs; this reduction was not statistically signifi cant by univariate analysis [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.336, 95% CI: 0.966-1.849, P = 0.080)]. However, it became a signifi cant risk factor by multivariate analysis (HR = 1.499, 95% CI: 1.079-2.083, P = 0.016) when correlated with variables of age, sex and catheter type. Close-ended (Groshong) catheters had a lower thrombosis rate than open-ended catheters (2.5% vs 5%, P = 0.015). Hematogenous malignancy had higher infection rates than solid malignancy (10.5% vs 2.5%, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Increasing age, male gender, openended catheters and hematogenous malignancy were risk factors for TIVAD failure. Close-ended catheters had lower thrombosis rates and hematogenous malignancy had higher infection rates.展开更多
W D M是在W indows N T4.0驱动程序结构上发展起来的,W D M体系结构实行分层处理,是一种通用的驱动模式,提供了包括U SB、IEE El394和H ID等在内的一系列驱动程序类。文章描述了W D M驱动程序的体系结构和利用D riverStudio开发W D M驱...W D M是在W indows N T4.0驱动程序结构上发展起来的,W D M体系结构实行分层处理,是一种通用的驱动模式,提供了包括U SB、IEE El394和H ID等在内的一系列驱动程序类。文章描述了W D M驱动程序的体系结构和利用D riverStudio开发W D M驱动程序的过程,给出了一个U SB驱动的实例。展开更多
文摘AIM: To analyze the risk factors for central port failure in cancer patients administered chemotherapy, using univariate and multivariate analyses. METHODS: A total of 1348 totally implantable venous access devices (TIVADs) were implanted into 1280 cancer patients in this cohort study. A Cox proportional hazard model was applied to analyze risk factors for failure of TIVADs. Log-rank test was used to compare actuarial survival rates. Infection, thrombosis, and surgical complication rates (χ2 test or Fisher's exact test) were compared in relation to the risk factors. RESULTS: Increasing age, male gender and openended catheter use were signifi cant risk factors reducing survival of TIVADs as determined by univariate and multivariate analyses. Hematogenous malignancy decreased the survival time of TIVADs; this reduction was not statistically signifi cant by univariate analysis [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.336, 95% CI: 0.966-1.849, P = 0.080)]. However, it became a signifi cant risk factor by multivariate analysis (HR = 1.499, 95% CI: 1.079-2.083, P = 0.016) when correlated with variables of age, sex and catheter type. Close-ended (Groshong) catheters had a lower thrombosis rate than open-ended catheters (2.5% vs 5%, P = 0.015). Hematogenous malignancy had higher infection rates than solid malignancy (10.5% vs 2.5%, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Increasing age, male gender, openended catheters and hematogenous malignancy were risk factors for TIVAD failure. Close-ended catheters had lower thrombosis rates and hematogenous malignancy had higher infection rates.
文摘W D M是在W indows N T4.0驱动程序结构上发展起来的,W D M体系结构实行分层处理,是一种通用的驱动模式,提供了包括U SB、IEE El394和H ID等在内的一系列驱动程序类。文章描述了W D M驱动程序的体系结构和利用D riverStudio开发W D M驱动程序的过程,给出了一个U SB驱动的实例。
