Evidence on the lifetime risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease （ASCVD） is insufficient; yet, estimating an individual＇s lifetime risk allows for a comprehensive assessment of ASCVD burden. We developed an...Evidence on the lifetime risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease （ASCVD） is insufficient; yet, estimating an individual＇s lifetime risk allows for a comprehensive assessment of ASCVD burden. We developed and validated lifetime risk prediction equations for ASCVD using four large and ongoing prospective cohorts of Chinese, the China-PAR project （Prediction for ASCVD Risk in China）. Sexspecific equations were developed using two cohorts （as the derivation cohort） of 21,320 participants. Two other independent cohorts with 14,123 and 70,838 participants were used for their external valida- tion, respectively. We evaluated both calibration and discrimination measures for model performance. Furthermore, we estimated ASCVD-ffee years lost or excess absolute risk attributable to high 10-year risk （≥10.0%） and]or high lifetime risk （≥32.8%）. After 12.3 years＇ follow-up of the derivation cohort, 1048 ASCVD events and 1304 non-ASCVD deaths were identified. Our sex-specific equations had good internal validation, with discriminant C statistics of 0.776 （95% confidence interval [CI]： 0.757-0.794） and 0.801 （95% CI： 0.778-0.825）, and calibration Z2 of 9.2 （P = 0.418） and 5.6 （P = 0.777） for men and women, respectively. Good external validation was also demonstrated with predicted rates closely matched to the observed ones. Compared with men having both low 10-year and low lifetime risk, men would develop ASCVD 3.0, 4.6 and 8.6 years earlier if they had high 10-year risk alone, high lifetime risk alone, or both high 10-year and high lifetime risk at the index age of 35 years, respectively. We developed well- performed lifetime risk prediction equations that will help to identify those with the greatest potential to avert ASCVD burden after implementation of innovative clinical and public health interventions in China.展开更多
目的分析1990-2019年中国结直肠癌(colorectal cancer, CRC)归因于各类危险因素的疾病负担变化趋势并对其未来10年的变化进行预测,为CRC的精准防控提供参考依据。方法利用2019年全球疾病负担(Globad Burden of Disease, GBD)研究数据,采...目的分析1990-2019年中国结直肠癌(colorectal cancer, CRC)归因于各类危险因素的疾病负担变化趋势并对其未来10年的变化进行预测,为CRC的精准防控提供参考依据。方法利用2019年全球疾病负担(Globad Burden of Disease, GBD)研究数据,采用Joinpoint估算年度变化百分比(annual percentage of change, APC)和平均年度变化百分比(average annual percentage of change, AAPC)来反映中国CRC疾病负担的时间变化趋势;描述1990年和2019年中国CRC归因于各类危险因素的疾病负担,比较不同年龄段人群的主要危险因素及其变化速率;通过R 4.0.2软件创建自回归滑动平均混合模型(autoregressive integrated moving average model, ARIMA),预测未来10年中国CRC归因于各类危险因素的疾病负担情况。结果 1990-2019年中国CRC归因于危险因素的伤残调整寿命年(disability adjusted life years, DALYs)率整体呈上升趋势,各年份男性DALYs率均高于女性,且随着时间的变化,差距逐渐增大。中国CRC归因于各类危险因素的疾病负担随着年龄的增长呈上升趋势。1990年钙摄入不足是造成中国CRC疾病负担的首要危险因素,而2019年是牛奶摄入不足。30年间中国CRC归因于各类危险因素的标化DALYs率上升最快的危险因素是高BMI,而下降最快的是纤维摄入不足。ARIMA预测,未来10年,牛奶摄入不足仍然是造成中国CRC疾病负担的首要危险因素。结论 1990-2019年中国CRC归因于各类危险因素的疾病负担总体呈上升趋势;牛奶摄入不足是当前及未来10年造成中国CRC疾病负担的首要危险因素;中老年和男性是重点关注人群,建议针对其相关危险因素采取控制措施以降低CRC疾病负担。展开更多
基金supported by the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2017-I2M-1-004)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2017YFC0211700,2011BAI11B03,2011BAI09B03,and 2006BAI01A01)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91643208)
文摘Evidence on the lifetime risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease （ASCVD） is insufficient; yet, estimating an individual＇s lifetime risk allows for a comprehensive assessment of ASCVD burden. We developed and validated lifetime risk prediction equations for ASCVD using four large and ongoing prospective cohorts of Chinese, the China-PAR project （Prediction for ASCVD Risk in China）. Sexspecific equations were developed using two cohorts （as the derivation cohort） of 21,320 participants. Two other independent cohorts with 14,123 and 70,838 participants were used for their external valida- tion, respectively. We evaluated both calibration and discrimination measures for model performance. Furthermore, we estimated ASCVD-ffee years lost or excess absolute risk attributable to high 10-year risk （≥10.0%） and]or high lifetime risk （≥32.8%）. After 12.3 years＇ follow-up of the derivation cohort, 1048 ASCVD events and 1304 non-ASCVD deaths were identified. Our sex-specific equations had good internal validation, with discriminant C statistics of 0.776 （95% confidence interval [CI]： 0.757-0.794） and 0.801 （95% CI： 0.778-0.825）, and calibration Z2 of 9.2 （P = 0.418） and 5.6 （P = 0.777） for men and women, respectively. Good external validation was also demonstrated with predicted rates closely matched to the observed ones. Compared with men having both low 10-year and low lifetime risk, men would develop ASCVD 3.0, 4.6 and 8.6 years earlier if they had high 10-year risk alone, high lifetime risk alone, or both high 10-year and high lifetime risk at the index age of 35 years, respectively. We developed well- performed lifetime risk prediction equations that will help to identify those with the greatest potential to avert ASCVD burden after implementation of innovative clinical and public health interventions in China.
文摘目的分析1990-2019年中国结直肠癌(colorectal cancer, CRC)归因于各类危险因素的疾病负担变化趋势并对其未来10年的变化进行预测,为CRC的精准防控提供参考依据。方法利用2019年全球疾病负担(Globad Burden of Disease, GBD)研究数据,采用Joinpoint估算年度变化百分比(annual percentage of change, APC)和平均年度变化百分比(average annual percentage of change, AAPC)来反映中国CRC疾病负担的时间变化趋势;描述1990年和2019年中国CRC归因于各类危险因素的疾病负担,比较不同年龄段人群的主要危险因素及其变化速率;通过R 4.0.2软件创建自回归滑动平均混合模型(autoregressive integrated moving average model, ARIMA),预测未来10年中国CRC归因于各类危险因素的疾病负担情况。结果 1990-2019年中国CRC归因于危险因素的伤残调整寿命年(disability adjusted life years, DALYs)率整体呈上升趋势,各年份男性DALYs率均高于女性,且随着时间的变化,差距逐渐增大。中国CRC归因于各类危险因素的疾病负担随着年龄的增长呈上升趋势。1990年钙摄入不足是造成中国CRC疾病负担的首要危险因素,而2019年是牛奶摄入不足。30年间中国CRC归因于各类危险因素的标化DALYs率上升最快的危险因素是高BMI,而下降最快的是纤维摄入不足。ARIMA预测,未来10年,牛奶摄入不足仍然是造成中国CRC疾病负担的首要危险因素。结论 1990-2019年中国CRC归因于各类危险因素的疾病负担总体呈上升趋势;牛奶摄入不足是当前及未来10年造成中国CRC疾病负担的首要危险因素;中老年和男性是重点关注人群,建议针对其相关危险因素采取控制措施以降低CRC疾病负担。
