An event-related potential study was conducted to make clear the relationships between perceptual and semantic levels of representation.Subjects judged the semantic relationship between a picture sample and a word mat...An event-related potential study was conducted to make clear the relationships between perceptual and semantic levels of representation.Subjects judged the semantic relationship between a picture sample and a word match using the delayed match-to-sample paradigm.The experiment includes three types of matching trials,i.e.,identical match trials,where the words had the same meanings as the pictures,categorical match trials where the words matched the pictures in category,and non-match trials where the words matched neither in identification nor in category with the pictures.The three conditions evoke significantly different N400-like and P300 ERP components.Specifically,for the N400-like negative responses,the averaged amplitude of the non-match condition is the largest and the most negative-going,that of the categorical match condition is less negative-going,and that of the identical match condition is the smallest among all three conditions.In addition,only the identical match condition evokes an early P300 component.As for the late P300 component,the averaged amplitude of the categorical match condition is more robust in the frontal brain areas.In contrast,ERPs of the non-match condition are stronger in the posterior brain areas.From 250 to 450 ms,the difference waves between the identical match and non-match conditions are located in the central areas,and the difference waves between categorical match and non-match conditions occur in the right frontal areas.Our results suggest that cross-form picture-word identical matching and categorical matching involve different underlying mechanisms.The existence of the early P300 component evokes by the identical match condition provides support for theories of template matching and facilitation model.展开更多
A model of autonomous positioning through associating environment memory information is presented for unmanned combat aerial vehicle(UCAV).The representation strategy of environment by constructing place cells is used...A model of autonomous positioning through associating environment memory information is presented for unmanned combat aerial vehicle(UCAV).The representation strategy of environment by constructing place cells is used to produce the memory information,and the landmarks in memory are retrieved through perceiving and processing the environment.During UCAV′s flight,the landmarks are obtained in real-time and are matched with the landmarks in memory.Then,the idea of ranging positioning is adopted to calculate UCAV′s location based on the corresponding relationship between current obtained landmarks and the memorized landmarks.Simulation shows that the proposed model can realize autonomous positioning in the memorized environment,and the positioning performance is well when the sensor has a high precision.展开更多
Knowledge representation is a key to the building of expert systems. The performance of knowledge representation methods directly affects the intelligence level and the problem-solving ability of the system. There are...Knowledge representation is a key to the building of expert systems. The performance of knowledge representation methods directly affects the intelligence level and the problem-solving ability of the system. There are various kinds of knowledge representation methods in ESEP3.0. In this paper, the authors introduce the knowledge representation methods, such as structure knowledge, seismological and precursory forecast knowledge, machine learning knowledge, synthetic prediction knowledge, knowledge to validate and verify certainty factors of anomalous evidence and support knowledge, etc. and propose a model for validation of certainty factors of anomalous evidence. The knowledge representation methods represent all kinds of earthquake prediction knowledge well.展开更多
Based on two sets of studies on individual differences in mental representation construction (e.g., Gernsbacher, et al. 1990, 1991, 2001; Oakhill, et al. 1988, 1996, 2003), the present study investigates whether high-...Based on two sets of studies on individual differences in mental representation construction (e.g., Gernsbacher, et al. 1990, 1991, 2001; Oakhill, et al. 1988, 1996, 2003), the present study investigates whether high-level/proficiency Chinese English majors are better at mental representation construction than those with low proficiency by comparing their performances in summary writing in Chinese after reading a passage in English. Statistical analyses show that such differences do exist in that the sophom...展开更多
基金Supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.30570603 and 30870760)the Beijing Key Laboratory and PHR (IHLB)
文摘An event-related potential study was conducted to make clear the relationships between perceptual and semantic levels of representation.Subjects judged the semantic relationship between a picture sample and a word match using the delayed match-to-sample paradigm.The experiment includes three types of matching trials,i.e.,identical match trials,where the words had the same meanings as the pictures,categorical match trials where the words matched the pictures in category,and non-match trials where the words matched neither in identification nor in category with the pictures.The three conditions evoke significantly different N400-like and P300 ERP components.Specifically,for the N400-like negative responses,the averaged amplitude of the non-match condition is the largest and the most negative-going,that of the categorical match condition is less negative-going,and that of the identical match condition is the smallest among all three conditions.In addition,only the identical match condition evokes an early P300 component.As for the late P300 component,the averaged amplitude of the categorical match condition is more robust in the frontal brain areas.In contrast,ERPs of the non-match condition are stronger in the posterior brain areas.From 250 to 450 ms,the difference waves between the identical match and non-match conditions are located in the central areas,and the difference waves between categorical match and non-match conditions occur in the right frontal areas.Our results suggest that cross-form picture-word identical matching and categorical matching involve different underlying mechanisms.The existence of the early P300 component evokes by the identical match condition provides support for theories of template matching and facilitation model.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61273048)
文摘A model of autonomous positioning through associating environment memory information is presented for unmanned combat aerial vehicle(UCAV).The representation strategy of environment by constructing place cells is used to produce the memory information,and the landmarks in memory are retrieved through perceiving and processing the environment.During UCAV′s flight,the landmarks are obtained in real-time and are matched with the landmarks in memory.Then,the idea of ranging positioning is adopted to calculate UCAV′s location based on the corresponding relationship between current obtained landmarks and the memorized landmarks.Simulation shows that the proposed model can realize autonomous positioning in the memorized environment,and the positioning performance is well when the sensor has a high precision.
文摘Knowledge representation is a key to the building of expert systems. The performance of knowledge representation methods directly affects the intelligence level and the problem-solving ability of the system. There are various kinds of knowledge representation methods in ESEP3.0. In this paper, the authors introduce the knowledge representation methods, such as structure knowledge, seismological and precursory forecast knowledge, machine learning knowledge, synthetic prediction knowledge, knowledge to validate and verify certainty factors of anomalous evidence and support knowledge, etc. and propose a model for validation of certainty factors of anomalous evidence. The knowledge representation methods represent all kinds of earthquake prediction knowledge well.
文摘Based on two sets of studies on individual differences in mental representation construction (e.g., Gernsbacher, et al. 1990, 1991, 2001; Oakhill, et al. 1988, 1996, 2003), the present study investigates whether high-level/proficiency Chinese English majors are better at mental representation construction than those with low proficiency by comparing their performances in summary writing in Chinese after reading a passage in English. Statistical analyses show that such differences do exist in that the sophom...
