The peak ground acceleration （PGA）, the volume of a sliding mass V, the height of a mountain HL and the slope angle θ of a mountain are four important parameters affecting the horizontal run-out distance of a lands...The peak ground acceleration （PGA）, the volume of a sliding mass V, the height of a mountain HL and the slope angle θ of a mountain are four important parameters affecting the horizontal run-out distance of a landslide L. Correlations among them are studied statistically based on field investigations from 67 landslides triggered by the ground shaking and other factors during the Wenchuan earthquake, and then a prediction model for horizontal run-out distance L is developed in this study. This model gives due consideration to the implications of the above four parameters on the horizontal run-out distance L and the validity of the model is verified by the Donghekou and Magong Woqian landslides. At the same time, the advantages of the model are shown by comparing it with two other common prediction methods. The major findings drawn from the analyses and comparisons are： （1） an exponential relationship exists between L and log V, L and log HL, L and log PGA separately, but a negative exponential relationship exists between L and log tan0, which agrees with the statistical results; and （2） according to the analysis results of the relative relationship between the height of a mountain （H） and the place where the landslides occur, the probabilities at distances of2H/3-H, H/3-2H/3, and O-H/3 are 70.8%, 15.4%, and 13.8%, respectively, revealing that most landslides occurred at a distance of H/2-H. This prediction model can provide an effective technical support for the prevention and mitigation of landslide hazards.展开更多
Deep mining has been paid much more attention because of the depletion of shallow mining resources.Traditional bolts could be invalid to accommodate large displacement and deformation in geomaterials.Consequently, alt...Deep mining has been paid much more attention because of the depletion of shallow mining resources.Traditional bolts could be invalid to accommodate large displacement and deformation in geomaterials.Consequently, alternative support and reinforcement bolts need to be studied and their constitutive models also need to be developed to help understanding for the complex stress-strain responses of rock masses under loadings. The effect of Negative Poisson's Ratio(NPR) that is attributed to the swelling phenomenon along the lateral direction may appear in metal materials under tensional loadings. Thence NPR materials often have an advantage over NPR ones in mechanical behavior such as impact resistance, antishearing, and energy absorbed. From the characteristics of NPR materials, a series of bolt and cable supports with the effect of NPR and constant-resistance have been recently developed. We here firstly introduce the structural features of NPR support. Then the constitutive model of NPR support is presented and its corresponding equation of energy equilibrium. Its basic principle interacted on rock masses is further discussed. Finally, NPR cables are employed to support the slope of an open-pit mine. The applications show that NPR cables can ease failure within the slope and play an important role in predicting and providing early warning of slope failure, together with a monitoring system of slope stability.展开更多
基金NSF of China under Contract No. 41030742NBRP of China (973 Program) under Grant No.2011CB013605Scientific Research Foundation of Graduate School of Southwest Jiaotong University
文摘The peak ground acceleration （PGA）, the volume of a sliding mass V, the height of a mountain HL and the slope angle θ of a mountain are four important parameters affecting the horizontal run-out distance of a landslide L. Correlations among them are studied statistically based on field investigations from 67 landslides triggered by the ground shaking and other factors during the Wenchuan earthquake, and then a prediction model for horizontal run-out distance L is developed in this study. This model gives due consideration to the implications of the above four parameters on the horizontal run-out distance L and the validity of the model is verified by the Donghekou and Magong Woqian landslides. At the same time, the advantages of the model are shown by comparing it with two other common prediction methods. The major findings drawn from the analyses and comparisons are： （1） an exponential relationship exists between L and log V, L and log HL, L and log PGA separately, but a negative exponential relationship exists between L and log tan0, which agrees with the statistical results; and （2） according to the analysis results of the relative relationship between the height of a mountain （H） and the place where the landslides occur, the probabilities at distances of2H/3-H, H/3-2H/3, and O-H/3 are 70.8%, 15.4%, and 13.8%, respectively, revealing that most landslides occurred at a distance of H/2-H. This prediction model can provide an effective technical support for the prevention and mitigation of landslide hazards.
基金Financial support for this work was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41502323)
文摘Deep mining has been paid much more attention because of the depletion of shallow mining resources.Traditional bolts could be invalid to accommodate large displacement and deformation in geomaterials.Consequently, alternative support and reinforcement bolts need to be studied and their constitutive models also need to be developed to help understanding for the complex stress-strain responses of rock masses under loadings. The effect of Negative Poisson's Ratio(NPR) that is attributed to the swelling phenomenon along the lateral direction may appear in metal materials under tensional loadings. Thence NPR materials often have an advantage over NPR ones in mechanical behavior such as impact resistance, antishearing, and energy absorbed. From the characteristics of NPR materials, a series of bolt and cable supports with the effect of NPR and constant-resistance have been recently developed. We here firstly introduce the structural features of NPR support. Then the constitutive model of NPR support is presented and its corresponding equation of energy equilibrium. Its basic principle interacted on rock masses is further discussed. Finally, NPR cables are employed to support the slope of an open-pit mine. The applications show that NPR cables can ease failure within the slope and play an important role in predicting and providing early warning of slope failure, together with a monitoring system of slope stability.
