The inclusion of the human rights clause in the Chi-nese Constitution is a concern and expression of the spirit of the Con-stitution,which has laid the institutional regulations of the fundamen-tal law for the develop...The inclusion of the human rights clause in the Chi-nese Constitution is a concern and expression of the spirit of the Con-stitution,which has laid the institutional regulations of the fundamen-tal law for the development of human rights in China,provided the principles and value norms of the highest level of effectiveness for the legal protection of human rights,and built a profound constitutional basis for the formation and improvement of the Chinese path of human rights development.The human rights clause is not only a summariza-tion and affirmation of the historical practice of Chinese human rights development under the leadership of the Communist Party of China,but also a new starting point for the development of human rights in China under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.It marks that the development of human rights in China has entered a new era.The Party and the state have finally embarked on a path of human rights development with Chinese characteristics by formulating and implementing the Human Rights Action Plan of China,eliminating ab-solute poverty through the national poverty alleviation campaign,and promoting human rights protection through the rule of law.展开更多
Nature's contributions to people(NCP)encompass both the beneficial and detrimental effects of living nature on human quality of life,including regulatory,material,and non-material contributions.Globally,vital NCPs...Nature's contributions to people(NCP)encompass both the beneficial and detrimental effects of living nature on human quality of life,including regulatory,material,and non-material contributions.Globally,vital NCPs have been deteriorating,accelerated by changes in both natural and anthropogenic drivers over recent decades.Despite the often inevitable trade-offs between NCPs due to their spatially and temporally uneven distributions,few studies have quantitatively assessed the impacts of different drivers on the spatial and temporal changes in multiple NCPs and their interrelationships.Here we evaluate the effects of precipitation,temperature,population,gross domestic product,vegetation restoration,and urban expansion on four key regulatory NCPs-habitat maintenance,climate regulation,water quantity regulation,and soil protection-in Nei Mongol at the county level.We observe increasing trends in climate regulation and soil protection from 2000 to 2019,contrasted with declining trends in habitat maintenance and water quantity regulation.We have identified the dominant positive and negative drivers influencing each NCP across individual counties,finding that natural drivers predominantly overpowered anthropogenic drivers.Furthermore,we discover significant spatial disparities in the tradeoff or synergy relationships between NCPs across the counties.Our findings illustrate how the impacts of various drivers on NCPs and their interrelationships can be quantitatively evaluated,offering significant potential for application in various spatial scales.With an understanding of trade-offs and scale effects,these insights are expected to support and inform policymaking at both county and provincial levels.展开更多
基金the Research on Building a Theoretical System of Constitutional Supervision with Chinese Char-acteristics(Project Approval Number 23JDZ025)a major research project of the Ministry of Education in Philosophy and Social Sciences.
文摘The inclusion of the human rights clause in the Chi-nese Constitution is a concern and expression of the spirit of the Con-stitution,which has laid the institutional regulations of the fundamen-tal law for the development of human rights in China,provided the principles and value norms of the highest level of effectiveness for the legal protection of human rights,and built a profound constitutional basis for the formation and improvement of the Chinese path of human rights development.The human rights clause is not only a summariza-tion and affirmation of the historical practice of Chinese human rights development under the leadership of the Communist Party of China,but also a new starting point for the development of human rights in China under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.It marks that the development of human rights in China has entered a new era.The Party and the state have finally embarked on a path of human rights development with Chinese characteristics by formulating and implementing the Human Rights Action Plan of China,eliminating ab-solute poverty through the national poverty alleviation campaign,and promoting human rights protection through the rule of law.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41991233)the Key Science and Technology Special Program of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2021ZD0015).
文摘Nature's contributions to people(NCP)encompass both the beneficial and detrimental effects of living nature on human quality of life,including regulatory,material,and non-material contributions.Globally,vital NCPs have been deteriorating,accelerated by changes in both natural and anthropogenic drivers over recent decades.Despite the often inevitable trade-offs between NCPs due to their spatially and temporally uneven distributions,few studies have quantitatively assessed the impacts of different drivers on the spatial and temporal changes in multiple NCPs and their interrelationships.Here we evaluate the effects of precipitation,temperature,population,gross domestic product,vegetation restoration,and urban expansion on four key regulatory NCPs-habitat maintenance,climate regulation,water quantity regulation,and soil protection-in Nei Mongol at the county level.We observe increasing trends in climate regulation and soil protection from 2000 to 2019,contrasted with declining trends in habitat maintenance and water quantity regulation.We have identified the dominant positive and negative drivers influencing each NCP across individual counties,finding that natural drivers predominantly overpowered anthropogenic drivers.Furthermore,we discover significant spatial disparities in the tradeoff or synergy relationships between NCPs across the counties.Our findings illustrate how the impacts of various drivers on NCPs and their interrelationships can be quantitatively evaluated,offering significant potential for application in various spatial scales.With an understanding of trade-offs and scale effects,these insights are expected to support and inform policymaking at both county and provincial levels.
