Across-wind loads and effects have become increasingly important factors in the structural design of super-tall buildings and structures with increasing height. Across-wind loads and effects of tall buildings and stru...Across-wind loads and effects have become increasingly important factors in the structural design of super-tall buildings and structures with increasing height. Across-wind loads and effects of tall buildings and structures are believed to be excited by inflow turbulence, wake, and inflow-structure interaction, which are very complicated. Although researchers have been focusing on the problem for over 30 years, the database of across-wind loads and effects and the computation methods of equivalent static wind loads have not yet been developed, most countries having no related rules in the load codes. Research results on the across-wind effects of tall buildings and structures mainly involve the determination of across-wind aerodynamic forces and across-wind aerodynamic damping, development of their databases, theoretical methods of equivalent static wind loads, and so on. In this paper we first review the current research on across-wind loads and effects of super-tall buildings and structures both at home and abroad. Then we present the results of our study. Finally, we illustrate a case study in which our research results are applied to a typical super-tall structure.展开更多
当光伏组串受到不均匀照射时,其输出特性将会从原来的单峰曲线变成有多个峰值点的多峰曲线,因此受到非均匀照射的光伏阵列含有多个局部峰值点(Local Maximum Power Point,LMPP),使用常规的最大功率跟踪控制方法很难准确的追踪到全局最...当光伏组串受到不均匀照射时,其输出特性将会从原来的单峰曲线变成有多个峰值点的多峰曲线,因此受到非均匀照射的光伏阵列含有多个局部峰值点(Local Maximum Power Point,LMPP),使用常规的最大功率跟踪控制方法很难准确的追踪到全局最大功率点(Global Maximum Power Point,GMPP)。针对上述问题,首先基于MATLAB仿真软件搭建了光伏组串在受到非均一阴影遮挡情况下的模型;其次研究了其功率-电压(P-U)特性和导数(dP/dU-U)特性,分析了全局最大功率点与光伏功率等效面积之间的关系;最后提出了基于光伏功率等效面积所决定的工作区间定位的新型多峰最大功率点追踪(Maximum Power Point Trace,MPPT)控制方法。仿真结果表明,所提出的光伏功率等效面积法算法能够有效且快速的寻找到全局最大功率点。展开更多
使用地面逐小时加密观测资料、6 h间隔的NCEP(水平分辨率1°×1°)的fnl全球再分析资料、micaps观测资料,通过分析2011年和2012年广东省2次首场暴雨过程的环流形势、水汽条件、热力条件、动力条件,得到以下结论:2次过程一...使用地面逐小时加密观测资料、6 h间隔的NCEP(水平分辨率1°×1°)的fnl全球再分析资料、micaps观测资料,通过分析2011年和2012年广东省2次首场暴雨过程的环流形势、水汽条件、热力条件、动力条件,得到以下结论:2次过程一次为持续性弱降水导致暴雨;一次是短时强降水导致暴雨。2次暴雨过程均受南支槽前和副高西北侧西南气流影响;2次过程均有比较好的水汽条件,但水汽辐合存在强弱和持续程度不同的区别;2次暴雨过程的暴雨区850 h Pa均处在θWse高值区的下游,"110318"暴雨过程开始前和开始后均没有出现CAPE值,而"120304"过程气块从850 h Pa抬升则出现CAPE;2次过程上升气流也存在持续性和强弱的区别。展开更多
基于微陀螺、加速度计、磁强计以及GPS模块构建了姿态航向位置参考系统(Attitude heading position ref-erence system,AHPRS)。首先,通过等效旋转矢量法由陀螺解算出估计姿态角;其次通过GPS、加速计的测量值,结合磁强计估计补偿姿态角...基于微陀螺、加速度计、磁强计以及GPS模块构建了姿态航向位置参考系统(Attitude heading position ref-erence system,AHPRS)。首先,通过等效旋转矢量法由陀螺解算出估计姿态角;其次通过GPS、加速计的测量值,结合磁强计估计补偿姿态角,推导基于误差四元数的滤波方程,滤波器的周期采用GPS的更新周期;然后,为降低导航方程的阶次,忽略姿态角的误差小量简化方程,提高了系统的解算实时性;最后,通过仿真与飞行试验验证了该姿态估计系统具有很好的姿态估计精度,满足微小型飞行器的姿态估计要求。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 90715040, 50878159)
文摘Across-wind loads and effects have become increasingly important factors in the structural design of super-tall buildings and structures with increasing height. Across-wind loads and effects of tall buildings and structures are believed to be excited by inflow turbulence, wake, and inflow-structure interaction, which are very complicated. Although researchers have been focusing on the problem for over 30 years, the database of across-wind loads and effects and the computation methods of equivalent static wind loads have not yet been developed, most countries having no related rules in the load codes. Research results on the across-wind effects of tall buildings and structures mainly involve the determination of across-wind aerodynamic forces and across-wind aerodynamic damping, development of their databases, theoretical methods of equivalent static wind loads, and so on. In this paper we first review the current research on across-wind loads and effects of super-tall buildings and structures both at home and abroad. Then we present the results of our study. Finally, we illustrate a case study in which our research results are applied to a typical super-tall structure.
文摘当光伏组串受到不均匀照射时,其输出特性将会从原来的单峰曲线变成有多个峰值点的多峰曲线,因此受到非均匀照射的光伏阵列含有多个局部峰值点(Local Maximum Power Point,LMPP),使用常规的最大功率跟踪控制方法很难准确的追踪到全局最大功率点(Global Maximum Power Point,GMPP)。针对上述问题,首先基于MATLAB仿真软件搭建了光伏组串在受到非均一阴影遮挡情况下的模型;其次研究了其功率-电压(P-U)特性和导数(dP/dU-U)特性,分析了全局最大功率点与光伏功率等效面积之间的关系;最后提出了基于光伏功率等效面积所决定的工作区间定位的新型多峰最大功率点追踪(Maximum Power Point Trace,MPPT)控制方法。仿真结果表明,所提出的光伏功率等效面积法算法能够有效且快速的寻找到全局最大功率点。
文摘使用地面逐小时加密观测资料、6 h间隔的NCEP(水平分辨率1°×1°)的fnl全球再分析资料、micaps观测资料,通过分析2011年和2012年广东省2次首场暴雨过程的环流形势、水汽条件、热力条件、动力条件,得到以下结论:2次过程一次为持续性弱降水导致暴雨;一次是短时强降水导致暴雨。2次暴雨过程均受南支槽前和副高西北侧西南气流影响;2次过程均有比较好的水汽条件,但水汽辐合存在强弱和持续程度不同的区别;2次暴雨过程的暴雨区850 h Pa均处在θWse高值区的下游,"110318"暴雨过程开始前和开始后均没有出现CAPE值,而"120304"过程气块从850 h Pa抬升则出现CAPE;2次过程上升气流也存在持续性和强弱的区别。
文摘基于微陀螺、加速度计、磁强计以及GPS模块构建了姿态航向位置参考系统(Attitude heading position ref-erence system,AHPRS)。首先,通过等效旋转矢量法由陀螺解算出估计姿态角;其次通过GPS、加速计的测量值,结合磁强计估计补偿姿态角,推导基于误差四元数的滤波方程,滤波器的周期采用GPS的更新周期;然后,为降低导航方程的阶次,忽略姿态角的误差小量简化方程,提高了系统的解算实时性;最后,通过仿真与飞行试验验证了该姿态估计系统具有很好的姿态估计精度,满足微小型飞行器的姿态估计要求。
