研究不同的冷冻和解冻方式对鸡肉品质的影响,采用―18℃的普通式冷冻(普冻)和液氮速冻(速冻)两种冷冻方式,4℃的空气自然解冻(空解)和低变温(2℃→6℃→2℃)高湿(相对湿度>90%)解冻(变温解)两种解冻方式。设计普冻+空解、普冻+变温...研究不同的冷冻和解冻方式对鸡肉品质的影响,采用―18℃的普通式冷冻(普冻)和液氮速冻(速冻)两种冷冻方式,4℃的空气自然解冻(空解)和低变温(2℃→6℃→2℃)高湿(相对湿度>90%)解冻(变温解)两种解冻方式。设计普冻+空解、普冻+变温解、速冻+空解、速冻+变温解4种不同的冷冻和解冻处理组,测定各处理组鸡肉样品的保水性(解冻汁液流失率、滴水损失率、加压失水率、蒸煮损失率)、嫩度等指标并进行十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis,SDS-PAGE)。结果表明:速冻比普冻的干耗率降低1.07%,速冻+变温解处理组的保水性最好,其解冻汁液流失率、滴水损失率、加压失水率、蒸煮损失率分别为0.22%、0.54%、44.53%、11.93%(P<0.05),每个处理组的鸡肉肌浆蛋白发生不同程度的降解,速冻+变温解处理组的肌浆蛋白降解程度最小。液氮速冻+低温高湿变温解冻工艺在降低鸡肉冷冻和解冻过程中品质劣变、增加鸡肉保水性、减少损失的效果是最好的。展开更多
This study examined the effects of sources and levels of selenium(Se)on performance,carcass parts yield,meat quality and tissue Se concentration in broilers.A total of 960 one-day-old male broilers were divided into 8...This study examined the effects of sources and levels of selenium(Se)on performance,carcass parts yield,meat quality and tissue Se concentration in broilers.A total of 960 one-day-old male broilers were divided into 8 treatments in a 4 x 2 factorial arrangement.Chicks were penned in groups of 20 with6 pens per group.Selenium sources were sodium selenite(SS),Se enriched yeast(SY),DLselenomethionine(SM)and nano-selenium(NS)and dietary supplemental Se levels were 0.1 and0.3 mg/kg diet.The average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI),feed:gain ratio,mortality,and carcass parts yield were not affected by dietary treatments.The level of 0.3 mg/kg Se decreased lightness and increased yellowness of the breast and thighs(P<0.001).Nano-selenium improved yellowness,redness and meat quality(P<0.05).The interactive effects of sources and the levels of Se affected Se retention(P<0.001).Inorganic Se showed poor retention compared to other sources of Se;and NS showed equal retention with the organic sources.With consideration to meat quality responses,NS had a more signific:ant positive effect compared to SS as an inorganic source of Se.Overall,NS and organic sources of Se resulted in better meat quality compared with the inorganic source.Moreover,the highest Se retention percentage was achieved by supplementation of NS followed by organic sources at0.1 mg/kg compared to SS.展开更多
为了研究茶多酚对乳酸菌及酸奶品质的影响,将鲜牛乳以每个样品100 m L为标准分装于玻璃瓶中,每16个玻璃瓶为一组,共9组,测定了酸奶的滴定酸度、持水力、质构、乳酸菌活菌数、感官评价等指标。结果表明:茶多酚对乳酸菌生长繁殖的影响呈...为了研究茶多酚对乳酸菌及酸奶品质的影响,将鲜牛乳以每个样品100 m L为标准分装于玻璃瓶中,每16个玻璃瓶为一组,共9组,测定了酸奶的滴定酸度、持水力、质构、乳酸菌活菌数、感官评价等指标。结果表明:茶多酚对乳酸菌生长繁殖的影响呈抛物线形,茶多酚添加量低于0.30%时对乳酸菌有明显的促生长作用(P<0.01),茶多酚添加量为0.20%时促生长作用达到最佳;同时对乳酸菌产酸有一定抑制作用,可延长酸奶的保质期;随着茶多酚添加量的增加,酸奶的持水力及质构的测定结果及感官评价均呈抛物线形变化,在茶多酚添加量为0.20%时各项指标达最优。说明当茶多酚添加量为0.20%时,茶多酚对乳酸菌发酵及酸奶品质影响的结果最佳。展开更多
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of retention ponds on the environment and population health by analyzing water samples from various ponds in Mogadishu, to determine the prevalence of waterborne i...The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of retention ponds on the environment and population health by analyzing water samples from various ponds in Mogadishu, to determine the prevalence of waterborne illnesses that occur during the rainy season in Mogadishu, and to find out what experts thought about the effects of retention ponds on the environment as well as population health in Mogadishu. Methods: Mixed designs were used in the study. The first design is an exploratory study where samples are taken from different retention ponds in Mogadishu. The second design involves gathering secondary data from the online FSNAU Dashboard regarding the incidence of rainfall and waterborne illnesses including malaria and cholera. Additionally, a cross-sectional survey of expert opinions using questionnaires was the third design. The 10 water samples were taken from retention ponds in Mogadishu as part of the sample size. Data on the fourth month was also gathered using the FNSAU dashboard, and seventy sample sizes were used for the expert self-administered questionnaire for the third design. Excel was used for data analysis in the initial design. While BMI SPSS versions 22 were used to analyze the data from the Self-administered Questionnaire, additional methods were utilized to compute descriptive statistics, such as mean and standard deviation, and to analyze demographic data in a frequency table. Findings: The results show that three samples had unsatisfactory scores (Grade D): Yaqshid (Warshadda Bastada) had a WQI of 80.85, Boondheer (Bondher Pond) had a WQI of 80.64, and Wartanabad (Xamar Jadiid Pond) had a WQI of 80.89. The remaining samples were all rated as fair (grade), which indicates that they ranged from 50 to 75. The months with the largest rainfall already occurred in December, November, and October, when the prevalence of diseases during the rainy season was highest for cholera cases. Although October and December saw a significant number of malaria cases, November did not. Retention ponds’ o展开更多
The research aimed to create a shelf life prediction model for Trachinotus ovatus in different freezing temperatures by using back propagation(BP)neural network model.The pH,total volatile basic nitrogen(TVB-N),thioba...The research aimed to create a shelf life prediction model for Trachinotus ovatus in different freezing temperatures by using back propagation(BP)neural network model.The pH,total volatile basic nitrogen(TVB-N),thiobarbituric acid(TBA),water retention(water holding capacity[WHC];cooking loss),and sensory evaluation were measured under 266 K,255 K,243 K,233 K,and 218 K temperatures.The results of TVB-N and water retention during 266 K,255 K,233 K,and 218 K conditions were selected to build a BP neural network model and verify the model at 243 K.Results indicated that low temperatures retarded the rise of pH,TVB-N,and TBA values,improving water retention capacity of Trachinotus ovatus.The BP neural network model had high regression coefficients(r2:0.8642-0.9904),low mean square error(MES:0.1658-1.7882),and relative error within 10%and could accurately predict the quality change of Trachinotus ovatus under the freezing temperatures of 266 K-218 K.Therefore,(BP)neural network model has great potential in predicting the shelf life of Trachinotus ovatus in frozen storage.展开更多
受配电物联网多业务场景全息感知信息中的冲击数据、异常数据、冲突数据等“脏数据”影响,海量数据延伸过程面临数据品质不高的问题,进而降低了数据的价值质量、规律挖掘和趋势预测的前景。为此,提出了一种基于留存分析方法结合长短期...受配电物联网多业务场景全息感知信息中的冲击数据、异常数据、冲突数据等“脏数据”影响,海量数据延伸过程面临数据品质不高的问题,进而降低了数据的价值质量、规律挖掘和趋势预测的前景。为此,提出了一种基于留存分析方法结合长短期记忆算法(Long Short Term Memory,LSTM)的数据分析模型,并以此对配网电力数据发展趋势进行预测。该模型采用留存分析方法对海量感知数据中的“脏数据”进行清洗,并在此基础上利用清洗后的数据共性特征对LSTM中的遗忘门进行改进和优化,实现了清洗后价值数据规律的挖掘和趋势的预测。以新能源汽车负荷预测为例,实验结果表明,相较于同类数据趋势预测的整合移动平均自回归算法(Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average,ARIMA)与传统LSTM算法,该文方法整体预测准确率分别提升了16.26%、16.84%,而各时段预测值的均方根误差(RMSE)较ARIMA算法和LSTM算法则分别降低17%和22.7%,这表明该方法可有效处理配电物联网海量数据的优良率和预测精度,为后续决策提供数据依据。展开更多
文摘研究不同的冷冻和解冻方式对鸡肉品质的影响,采用―18℃的普通式冷冻(普冻)和液氮速冻(速冻)两种冷冻方式,4℃的空气自然解冻(空解)和低变温(2℃→6℃→2℃)高湿(相对湿度>90%)解冻(变温解)两种解冻方式。设计普冻+空解、普冻+变温解、速冻+空解、速冻+变温解4种不同的冷冻和解冻处理组,测定各处理组鸡肉样品的保水性(解冻汁液流失率、滴水损失率、加压失水率、蒸煮损失率)、嫩度等指标并进行十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis,SDS-PAGE)。结果表明:速冻比普冻的干耗率降低1.07%,速冻+变温解处理组的保水性最好,其解冻汁液流失率、滴水损失率、加压失水率、蒸煮损失率分别为0.22%、0.54%、44.53%、11.93%(P<0.05),每个处理组的鸡肉肌浆蛋白发生不同程度的降解,速冻+变温解处理组的肌浆蛋白降解程度最小。液氮速冻+低温高湿变温解冻工艺在降低鸡肉冷冻和解冻过程中品质劣变、增加鸡肉保水性、减少损失的效果是最好的。
文摘This study examined the effects of sources and levels of selenium(Se)on performance,carcass parts yield,meat quality and tissue Se concentration in broilers.A total of 960 one-day-old male broilers were divided into 8 treatments in a 4 x 2 factorial arrangement.Chicks were penned in groups of 20 with6 pens per group.Selenium sources were sodium selenite(SS),Se enriched yeast(SY),DLselenomethionine(SM)and nano-selenium(NS)and dietary supplemental Se levels were 0.1 and0.3 mg/kg diet.The average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI),feed:gain ratio,mortality,and carcass parts yield were not affected by dietary treatments.The level of 0.3 mg/kg Se decreased lightness and increased yellowness of the breast and thighs(P<0.001).Nano-selenium improved yellowness,redness and meat quality(P<0.05).The interactive effects of sources and the levels of Se affected Se retention(P<0.001).Inorganic Se showed poor retention compared to other sources of Se;and NS showed equal retention with the organic sources.With consideration to meat quality responses,NS had a more signific:ant positive effect compared to SS as an inorganic source of Se.Overall,NS and organic sources of Se resulted in better meat quality compared with the inorganic source.Moreover,the highest Se retention percentage was achieved by supplementation of NS followed by organic sources at0.1 mg/kg compared to SS.
文摘为了研究茶多酚对乳酸菌及酸奶品质的影响,将鲜牛乳以每个样品100 m L为标准分装于玻璃瓶中,每16个玻璃瓶为一组,共9组,测定了酸奶的滴定酸度、持水力、质构、乳酸菌活菌数、感官评价等指标。结果表明:茶多酚对乳酸菌生长繁殖的影响呈抛物线形,茶多酚添加量低于0.30%时对乳酸菌有明显的促生长作用(P<0.01),茶多酚添加量为0.20%时促生长作用达到最佳;同时对乳酸菌产酸有一定抑制作用,可延长酸奶的保质期;随着茶多酚添加量的增加,酸奶的持水力及质构的测定结果及感官评价均呈抛物线形变化,在茶多酚添加量为0.20%时各项指标达最优。说明当茶多酚添加量为0.20%时,茶多酚对乳酸菌发酵及酸奶品质影响的结果最佳。
文摘The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of retention ponds on the environment and population health by analyzing water samples from various ponds in Mogadishu, to determine the prevalence of waterborne illnesses that occur during the rainy season in Mogadishu, and to find out what experts thought about the effects of retention ponds on the environment as well as population health in Mogadishu. Methods: Mixed designs were used in the study. The first design is an exploratory study where samples are taken from different retention ponds in Mogadishu. The second design involves gathering secondary data from the online FSNAU Dashboard regarding the incidence of rainfall and waterborne illnesses including malaria and cholera. Additionally, a cross-sectional survey of expert opinions using questionnaires was the third design. The 10 water samples were taken from retention ponds in Mogadishu as part of the sample size. Data on the fourth month was also gathered using the FNSAU dashboard, and seventy sample sizes were used for the expert self-administered questionnaire for the third design. Excel was used for data analysis in the initial design. While BMI SPSS versions 22 were used to analyze the data from the Self-administered Questionnaire, additional methods were utilized to compute descriptive statistics, such as mean and standard deviation, and to analyze demographic data in a frequency table. Findings: The results show that three samples had unsatisfactory scores (Grade D): Yaqshid (Warshadda Bastada) had a WQI of 80.85, Boondheer (Bondher Pond) had a WQI of 80.64, and Wartanabad (Xamar Jadiid Pond) had a WQI of 80.89. The remaining samples were all rated as fair (grade), which indicates that they ranged from 50 to 75. The months with the largest rainfall already occurred in December, November, and October, when the prevalence of diseases during the rainy season was highest for cholera cases. Although October and December saw a significant number of malaria cases, November did not. Retention ponds’ o
基金supported by China Agricultural Research System(CARS-47-G26)National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFD0901602)Ability promotion project of Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission Engineering Center(19DZ2284000).
文摘The research aimed to create a shelf life prediction model for Trachinotus ovatus in different freezing temperatures by using back propagation(BP)neural network model.The pH,total volatile basic nitrogen(TVB-N),thiobarbituric acid(TBA),water retention(water holding capacity[WHC];cooking loss),and sensory evaluation were measured under 266 K,255 K,243 K,233 K,and 218 K temperatures.The results of TVB-N and water retention during 266 K,255 K,233 K,and 218 K conditions were selected to build a BP neural network model and verify the model at 243 K.Results indicated that low temperatures retarded the rise of pH,TVB-N,and TBA values,improving water retention capacity of Trachinotus ovatus.The BP neural network model had high regression coefficients(r2:0.8642-0.9904),low mean square error(MES:0.1658-1.7882),and relative error within 10%and could accurately predict the quality change of Trachinotus ovatus under the freezing temperatures of 266 K-218 K.Therefore,(BP)neural network model has great potential in predicting the shelf life of Trachinotus ovatus in frozen storage.
文摘受配电物联网多业务场景全息感知信息中的冲击数据、异常数据、冲突数据等“脏数据”影响,海量数据延伸过程面临数据品质不高的问题,进而降低了数据的价值质量、规律挖掘和趋势预测的前景。为此,提出了一种基于留存分析方法结合长短期记忆算法(Long Short Term Memory,LSTM)的数据分析模型,并以此对配网电力数据发展趋势进行预测。该模型采用留存分析方法对海量感知数据中的“脏数据”进行清洗,并在此基础上利用清洗后的数据共性特征对LSTM中的遗忘门进行改进和优化,实现了清洗后价值数据规律的挖掘和趋势的预测。以新能源汽车负荷预测为例,实验结果表明,相较于同类数据趋势预测的整合移动平均自回归算法(Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average,ARIMA)与传统LSTM算法,该文方法整体预测准确率分别提升了16.26%、16.84%,而各时段预测值的均方根误差(RMSE)较ARIMA算法和LSTM算法则分别降低17%和22.7%,这表明该方法可有效处理配电物联网海量数据的优良率和预测精度,为后续决策提供数据依据。
