Direct reduction of high-phosphorus oolitic hematite ore based on biomass pyrolysis gases （CO, H2, and CH4 ）, tar, and char was conducted to investigate the effects of reduction temperature, iron ore-biomass mass ra...Direct reduction of high-phosphorus oolitic hematite ore based on biomass pyrolysis gases （CO, H2, and CH4 ）, tar, and char was conducted to investigate the effects of reduction temperature, iron ore-biomass mass ratio, and reduction time on the metallization rate. In addition, the effect of particle size on the dephosphorization and iron recovery rate was studied by magnetic separation. It was determined that the metallization rate of the hematite ore could reach 99.35 % at iron ore-biomass mass ratio of 1 ： 0.6, reduction temperature of 1100℃, and reduction time of 55 min. The metallization rate and the aggregation degree of iron particles increase with the increase of reduction temperature. The particle size of direct reduced iron （DRI） has a great influence on the quality of the iron concentrate during magnetic separation. The separation degree of slag and iron was improved by the addition of 15 mass% sodium carbonate. DRI with iron grade of 89.11%, iron recovery rate of 83.47%, and phosphorus content of 0.28% can be obtained when ore fines with particle size of -10μm account for 78.15%.展开更多
We investigated the relationship between oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)activity and the pyrolysis temperature(650-850℃)of CuPc in alkaline solution.The highly active sites were formed through the decomposition of CuP...We investigated the relationship between oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)activity and the pyrolysis temperature(650-850℃)of CuPc in alkaline solution.The highly active sites were formed through the decomposition of CuPc or Cu-N4 structure after releasing 4-nitrophthalonitrile.Cu-Nx incorporated with carbon were the main active sites.The XPS measurement results show that,at lower temperature,the contents of pyridinic-N and pyrrolic-N account for the most of the total N.As the temperature is higher than 750℃,the content of graphitic N(26.11%)increases and pyridinic-N(58.81%)becomes the dominant specie.When the temperature is higher than 850℃,the content of graphitic N increases remarkably and becomes the dominant species.Moreover,the specific surface areas decrease with increased pyrolysis temperature.Benefiting from the synergistic effect,the pyrolysis temperature at 750℃of CuPc displays superior electrocatalytic properties.The obtained results reveal that the fabricated non-noble metal catalysts can be used as low-cost,efficient catalyst for water splitting ORR in metal-air batteries and fuel cells.展开更多
将含氮聚合物聚苯胺(PANI)均匀地担载到具有大比表面积、多级孔结构和高导电性的3D碳纳米笼(CNC)表面,再热解PANI制得了N掺杂位富集于表面、且具有优良导电性的碳基纳米材料.通过改变热解温度和前驱物中PANI的含量,对热解产物的表面N含...将含氮聚合物聚苯胺(PANI)均匀地担载到具有大比表面积、多级孔结构和高导电性的3D碳纳米笼(CNC)表面,再热解PANI制得了N掺杂位富集于表面、且具有优良导电性的碳基纳米材料.通过改变热解温度和前驱物中PANI的含量,对热解产物的表面N含量和导电性进行了调控.优化得到的NCNC-2-900催化剂具有优异的氧还原反应(ORR)催化性能,其起始电位高(-46 m V vs Ag/Ag Cl),明显优于体相N掺杂的CNC(-105 m V),且稳定性好(运行10 h后仍保留96%活性).该结果表明在保持良好导电性的同时增加表面N掺杂位是提高碳基材料ORR活性的有效途径.展开更多
基金Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51574024,51274042)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2015M580987,2016T90034)
文摘Direct reduction of high-phosphorus oolitic hematite ore based on biomass pyrolysis gases （CO, H2, and CH4 ）, tar, and char was conducted to investigate the effects of reduction temperature, iron ore-biomass mass ratio, and reduction time on the metallization rate. In addition, the effect of particle size on the dephosphorization and iron recovery rate was studied by magnetic separation. It was determined that the metallization rate of the hematite ore could reach 99.35 % at iron ore-biomass mass ratio of 1 ： 0.6, reduction temperature of 1100℃, and reduction time of 55 min. The metallization rate and the aggregation degree of iron particles increase with the increase of reduction temperature. The particle size of direct reduced iron （DRI） has a great influence on the quality of the iron concentrate during magnetic separation. The separation degree of slag and iron was improved by the addition of 15 mass% sodium carbonate. DRI with iron grade of 89.11%, iron recovery rate of 83.47%, and phosphorus content of 0.28% can be obtained when ore fines with particle size of -10μm account for 78.15%.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51521061)and“111”Project(No.B08040)。
文摘We investigated the relationship between oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)activity and the pyrolysis temperature(650-850℃)of CuPc in alkaline solution.The highly active sites were formed through the decomposition of CuPc or Cu-N4 structure after releasing 4-nitrophthalonitrile.Cu-Nx incorporated with carbon were the main active sites.The XPS measurement results show that,at lower temperature,the contents of pyridinic-N and pyrrolic-N account for the most of the total N.As the temperature is higher than 750℃,the content of graphitic N(26.11%)increases and pyridinic-N(58.81%)becomes the dominant specie.When the temperature is higher than 850℃,the content of graphitic N increases remarkably and becomes the dominant species.Moreover,the specific surface areas decrease with increased pyrolysis temperature.Benefiting from the synergistic effect,the pyrolysis temperature at 750℃of CuPc displays superior electrocatalytic properties.The obtained results reveal that the fabricated non-noble metal catalysts can be used as low-cost,efficient catalyst for water splitting ORR in metal-air batteries and fuel cells.
文摘将含氮聚合物聚苯胺(PANI)均匀地担载到具有大比表面积、多级孔结构和高导电性的3D碳纳米笼(CNC)表面,再热解PANI制得了N掺杂位富集于表面、且具有优良导电性的碳基纳米材料.通过改变热解温度和前驱物中PANI的含量,对热解产物的表面N含量和导电性进行了调控.优化得到的NCNC-2-900催化剂具有优异的氧还原反应(ORR)催化性能,其起始电位高(-46 m V vs Ag/Ag Cl),明显优于体相N掺杂的CNC(-105 m V),且稳定性好(运行10 h后仍保留96%活性).该结果表明在保持良好导电性的同时增加表面N掺杂位是提高碳基材料ORR活性的有效途径.
